In Finance, What Is a Firm Order?

E-commerce finance refers to P2P networks and e-commerce providers such as Internet payment currencies, Internet credit, supply chain finance, pre-sale order financing, cross-border cooperative finance, intermediary business, currency exchange, account pre-deposit, payment tools, mobile payments And other financial services.

E-commerce finance

E-commerce finance is a traditional financial industry with

Domestic part

China's top five e-commerce financial industries in 2012

2012 is a year for financial companies to fully develop into a network and a year for Internet companies to expand into the financial sector. Traditional e-commerce companies represented by Alibaba have started supply chain financing business in order to better serve members at the level of capital flow; and a large number of new forms of investment and financing products have also appeared on the Internet to help companies expand financing channels; and Commercial banks represented by Jianbei are using the e-commerce platform as a channel to increase the use of the Internet in order to avoid the risk of being marginalized. This article mainly summarizes several representative events throughout the year, and conducts the following five major inventory of the overall e-commerce financial market:

In the modern history of China, there is a very famous businessman and financier Qiao Zhiyong (1818-1907). After taking over the family business, Qiao Zhiyong, the grandson of Qiao Guifa, pushed the Qiao family's business to the top in the turbulent and turbulent Qing Dynasty. The first thing Qiao Zhiyong did was to clear the tea and silk roads in the south. Real goods such as tea and silk are used to promote and generate currency flows. At that time, the bandits and chaos on the commercial streets were very dangerous and inconvenient. And even if a bill exchanged by a ticket number is intercepted by a bandit, it cannot be exchanged for silver in the ticket number without a secret. Qiao Zhiyong immediately realized the broad prospect of the ticket number, and determined to one day be able to "connect the world with one vote." Qiao Zhiyong used the capital of Qiao's family to open two ticket numbers Dade and Dade in one breath. Qiao Zhiyong later found that the ticket number was a newer industry, so he upgraded from a tea-based business to a currency-based business to a financial industry. Business offices have been set up in Beijing, Tianjin, Northeast China, and cities along the Yangtze River. Qiao's firm is located in the west to Lanzhou, Xi'an, east to Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, north to Zhangjiakou, naturalization, Baotou, northeast to Shenyang and other places. Qiao Zhiyong continued to invest as part of the annual profit as a "multiplier", so that the capital from the time of the establishment of Daxufeng in the 10th year of Guangxu was 60,000, and it doubled to 120,000 in a few years. Two. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Qiao had owned more than 200 ticket numbers, money shops, pawn shops, and grain stores across the country, with working capital of more than 7 million to 10 million yuan, plus real estate such as land and real estate, and had assets of tens of millions.

In the modern history of the United States, John Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937) created an unprecedented joint business through trust-like mergers and expansions. Trust, Rockefeller applied Dodd's "Trust" theory in On January 20, 1882, the shareholders' meeting of Standard Petroleum was held, and a 9-member "trustee committee" was formed to take charge of all the shares of Standard Petroleum and the shares of its subsidiaries. With the high degree of equity capital, the oil production, refining, and oil transportation companies that were originally separate political entities form a comprehensive enterprise group, which has monopolized the US oil industry. Rockefeller was dubbed the "King of Oil" and became the first billionaire in the United States and the richest man in the world. He is also widely regarded as the richest man in modern history, with a total wealth equivalent to more than $ 400 billion today.

It can be seen that from ancient times to now, from east to west, an enterprise and a country must be extended from business to finance to become bigger and stronger.

E-commerce is considered to be very complicated and high-tech by laymen, but in fact, it is nothing. To put it bluntly, e-commerce is the economy generated by the Internet pump to promote currency flow and set flow throttles. E-commerce is not different from traditional commerce, only the tools and channels are changed, and in the end it is all about playing finance.

E-commerce financial payment tools

Case:

Alipay was originally a function set by Taobao to solve the problem of online transaction security. This function is the "third-party secured transaction model" used first. Buyers pay the payment to their Alipay account, and Alipay notifies the seller. After delivery, the buyer instructs Alipay to place the payment on the seller after receiving the confirmation of the product, and thus completes an online transaction. Alipay not only guarantees the security of users' online payment from the product, but also allows users to build mutual trust between the networks through Alipay, which has taken a very meaningful step towards establishing a pure Internet environment. Alipay became Zhejiang Alipay Network Technology Co., Ltd. in December 2004 and became an affiliate of Alibaba Group. In less than six years, it has created rich value for users in various fields of e-commerce and has grown into one of the world's leading third-party payment companies. As of June 2012, Alipay registered more than 700 million registered users, with daily transactions exceeding RMB 4.5 billion and daily transactions reaching 33.69 million. Occupy 70% of the Internet third-party payment market.

Tenpay is an online payment platform founded by Tencent. Caifutong has a good integration with Paipai.com and Tencent QQ. According to the transaction value, Caifutong ranks second with a share of 20%, second only to Alipay of Alibaba.

As one of China's largest B2C e-commerce merchants, JD.com, as more than 70% of the previous transaction volume was completed through COD, with the continuous expansion of JD.com s open platform business, platform merchants need a new online payment system to support it. The more and more aware of the importance of controlling the third payment instrument for e-commerce, it is necessary to acquire a payment company to make up for the lack of online payment functions of the platform. JD.com has switched to UnionPay online payment on August 24, 2011 under the name of JD.com's Alipay cooperation expiration and ceased cooperation with Alipay. On November 22, 2012, Jingdong Mall CEO Liu Qiangdong publicly acknowledged for the first time to Yibang Powernet that Jingdong Mall decided to acquire a third-party payment tool, Online Banking Online.

Features:

1.Currency withdrawal tools and flow channels

Third-party payment tools are withdrawal tools and flow channels for all transaction funds on both sides of the e-commerce platform. They are also tools for charging platform services and value-added services. They are also tools and channels for engaging in intermediate business and other financial derivatives and businesses. It can also be considered that third-party payment tools are the carrier and basic platform and tools for all financial activities of e-commerce.

2. Guaranteed transaction value-added services

Third-party payment is an independent institution with certain strength and credibility guarantee. It adopts the methods of contracting with major banks to provide interfaces with bank payment settlement systems and channel services that can realize fund transfer and online payment settlement services. As an intermediary for payment and settlement services for transactions between two parties, it has the function of providing a service channel for transaction funds flow and implements transactions and fund transfer settlement arrangements through third-party payment platforms. Third-party payment institutionally solves the potential risks brought by remote, virtual, credit, etc. of both parties in online retail transactions, technically solves problems such as multi-bank account interfaces, payment security, and efficiency, enabling both parties to online retail transactions to be assured that Transactions can also safely and efficiently transfer ownership of funds, which is a payment revolution in the history of thousands of years of human transactions following gold, banknotes and credit cards. The emergence of third-party payments and technological innovation have greatly promoted the development and prosperity of the online retail industry.

3. Transaction funds precipitate interest income

Although the assets of Taobao Network Co., Ltd. and Alipay (China) Network Technology Co., Ltd. do not cross each other, they are affiliated, and their business scopes are different, but they are a pair of "two-headed conjoined children" instead of "twin brothers. In their survival and development, who is inseparable from who is interdependent. Without connecting the main body of online retail transactions: Taobao, an online merchant and online purchaser, there will be no inter-subject transactions and no commercial flow; similarly, there is no third-party payment tool for online payment as the main body of online retail transactions Alipay, there will be no "flow of funds on the Internet." Alipay is the core and key to Taobao's profitability. Taobao's transaction volume in 2009 was around 200 billion yuan, with a daily transaction volume of 626 million yuan. Compared with the total retail sales of consumer goods in the first half of the year announced by the National Bureau of Statistics, Taobao transactions accounted for 1.4%, an increase of 0.4% from the end of 2008. As of the end of the first half of 2009, the transaction value of Taobao Mall was three times that of the end of 2008. In the first half of 2009, Taobao opened nearly 10,000 new stores daily. In the first half of 2012, nearly 300,000 new sellers joined Taobao every month. In the second half of 2010, this number was less than 200,000. In the first half of 2009, the growth of small sellers with monthly income of more than 2,000 yuan and less than 5,000 yuan was nearly 100 times that of large sellers with monthly income of more than 500,000. From the above transaction volume and amount, it can be seen that the flow of funds on Alipay is huge. If the bank interest is calculated at the lowest, one day is 0.000032% interest, and 10,000 yuan a day means 0.32 yuan per day. Well, the vast number of people who buy on Taobao.com must pay the shopping money to the bank account on the Taobao website. Then, it means that 100 yuan per person for 100 million users in the bank account of the intermediary shopping website, that is, 1 billion yuan. Moreover, the money deposited by the shopper has to stay in the bank account of the intermediary shopping website for about 3 days, and so on, and so on, the bank's interest can earn 3,200 yuan a day, then one month is 96,000 income, one year is 1.152 million yuan in income (this is calculated at least). Then if we say that Taobao's similar shopping website has a fixed account of 1 billion per year, that is, not less than 1 billion yuan, it can be calculated at a periodic minimum annual interest rate of 2.52%, and a year is 2.52 million income (2.52% interest rate ), The second year is 3.06 million income (3.06% interest rate). This is the hidden income of these shopping sites. Based on this huge number, Taobao can generate huge profits in bank interest.

4. Margin deposit yield income

Margin is a financial restraint system created by Taobao.com in order to ensure the security and integrity of transactions. Obviously, due to the main contradiction between online merchants (shops) and online shoppers in terms of transaction security and integrity, Taobao's margin charge is only targeted at online merchants (shops) that conduct business on this online retail transaction platform. At the end of 2009, Taobao had more than 2 million registered online stores. The number of registered online stores is the core source of Taobao's competitiveness and the basis of profit. Therefore, the number of registered online stores will be regarded as the core business secret of Taobao. And because Taobao is adding new owners almost every day, its accurate statistics of Taobao's online store registration will undoubtedly be very difficult. According to rough statistics of 2 million registered online stores, based on an average deposit of 1,000 yuan per store, the total amount of available margin is: 2 million online stores × 1,000 yuan = 2 billion. As long as the online shop is still doing business on Taobao and has not exited Taobao, Taobao has always deposited more than 2 billion funds on its margin account opened by Alipay.

E-commerce financial account advance deposit finance

Case:

In order to increase the total amount of "Double Twelve" transactions in 2012, Taobao launched the "Alipay 100, Send 100 Cash" campaign, but at the same time made some provisions for the event, such as the event page requires login. The other login paths are invalid. Only users who have passed Alipay's real-name authentication can participate. Participation in the "Payment Recharge 100, Send 100 Cash" activity requires a one-time minimum recharge of 100 yuan, which is not capped, and a single recharge of up to 100 yuan in cash red envelopes. It also stipulates the total number of red envelopes to be sent, a total of 120,000 "Alipay 100, 100 cash" red envelopes, each ID can only get one cashback opportunity, the number is limited, first come first served. Similarly, Suning Tesco's Yifubao also launched a 100-to-100 campaign during the promotional season. Fortune QQ users can recharge 10Q coins or more in a single payment through SuperPay via mobile phone, and get a recharge gift package.

Features:

1. Simplify customer payment procedures

Prepaid account payment means that the consumer first recharges the money into the personal account of the e-commerce platform. In each subsequent purchase, you do not need to use online banking or Alipay to recharge. After placing an order, you can select the prepayment directly in the payment information to check out. Direct purchase of any product within the account limit, and the funds are directly deducted from the account after placing an order, which solves the trouble of consumers in the online payment every time shopping, ensuring a 100% payment success rate and a good customer payment experience.

2. Lock up consumer funds in advance

Obviously, prepaid account payments can lock up a certain amount of consumer funds in advance without paying them interest on funds. For businesses, the benefits are clear at a glance. But how to make consumers have enough reasons to induce consumers to deposit a certain amount of finance into their accounts through interest induction. Some e-commerce merchants have made every effort, then give a certain amount of cash back, or give a certain percentage. Incentives such as winning prizes. Prepaid card finance has become a common game for brick-and-mortar retailers and e-commerce.

3.Funds precipitation and yield

If the e-commerce account is compared to a fund storage pool, the prepaid account recharge is continuously injected into this pool. As the total recharge increases, the e-commerce account "fund pool" water level line is directly raised, and this fund will generate a certain amount. The breath.

E-commerce financial currency exchange finance

Financial case: On May 26, 2011, Alipay was announced on May 5, 2011 after the central bank issued online payment, bank card acquisition, online prepaid card issuance, wireless payment, currency exchange and other business licenses. Anka Payments, a third-party payment service company under Australia's Oncard International (ASX: ONC), reached an acquisition agreement. Anka Payments provides online payment services for passengers of many large airlines such as Cathay Pacific, Dragonair and EVA Air, and provides a payment interface for their call centers, enabling passengers to be smooth on the airline website and call centers Internal and foreign card payment experience. The company provides cross-border payment services to 600 overseas merchants. The service was first promoted to Asia-Pacific merchants in the early stage of promotion. The application scope is mainly for cross-border online transactions in physical and aviation, covering 34 countries and regions across the country. Settled in more than ten overseas currencies including the Swiss franc and the euro. The acquisition indicates that Alipay has taken a very important step in currency exchange, cross-border payment and settlement, and cross-industry payment business. At the end of the year, Alipay began to introduce fast payment to cross-border transactions. Alipay's overseas purchase fast payment application has the same user experience as domestic payment, and supports users to use Renminbi to pay overseas online purchases through fast payment.

As a wholly-owned subsidiary of eBay and an online payment service provider in the United States, PayPal (PayPal) has nearly 220 million active users worldwide. Internet users and traditional businesses in 190 countries can use PayPal to complete U.S. dollars, Payment in 24 currencies including Australian dollar, Canadian dollar, Japanese yen and British pound. On July 11, 2005, the PayPal China website was officially opened, marking the official landing of PayPal in the Chinese market. In December 2010, the company officially settled in Yuzhong District, Chongqing City, and signed a cooperation agreement with the Chongqing Municipal Government on jointly promoting the development of Chongqing's international e-commerce industry. In the third quarter of 2009, PayPal's total payment amount exceeded 17 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for about 10% of the global online commerce transaction value.

Features:

1. Extend online shopping customers from customers who hold the e-commerce's sovereign currency to global customers who hold the sovereign currency of another country or a third country, and truly realize the ideal goal of online purchasers buying globally.

2. Commission income Online customers use payment tools to pay service providers a fee for using the funds channel. For example, PayPal charges 2.9% -3.9% of the handling fee to the withdrawal client, which constitutes PayPal's main source of profit.

3. Currency exchange settlement income Exchange exchange income refers to the difference caused by reporting the same amount of foreign currency in the reporting currency and using different exchange rates. Paypal withdrawals are credited to the customer's bank card in U.S. dollars, and are calculated at the exchange rate on the day when the exchange was settled. The bank generally uses the purchase price of the exchange rate to settle the exchange with the customer.

4. Funds deposits and yield income As customers pay with pure credit cards to pay a higher payment cost of about 2.02% in multinational e-commerce, PayPal has developed a series of tools for recharging in PayPal accounts. This will undoubtedly enhance e-commerce. The "fund pool" water level line of the account in the system, and generate capital interest.

E-commerce Finance Intermediate Business Finance

Case: In October 2008, Alipay officially launched a one-stop public service payment service, which means that people no longer need to endure the pain of queuing up between payment outlets such as convenience stores and banks, just sitting in front of the computer with a few clicks of the mouse , You can easily complete daily expenses such as water, electricity, coal, and communication fees. Based on an average annual expenditure of 2,000 yuan per household on water, electricity, gas, fixed telephone, and broadband, the annual payment scale of 200 million households in urban China has reached at least 400 billion yuan.

For China Everbright Bank, which is seeking an H-share listing, relying solely on the services and marketing capabilities provided by 33 first-tier branches and more than 500 physical business outlets, it has become a constraint to its rapid development. In May 2011, China Everbright Bank opened its "Sunshine e Payment" business platform to Alipay. Alipay customers can handle bills such as water, electricity, coal, mobile phones and telephones through Everbright's accounting system. At the same time, Everbright Bank has opened the "Public Utility Payment Platform" to dozens of partners such as Alipay, China Mobile, China UnionPay, and Bank of East Asia since 2011. On the other hand, it has also expanded more than 200 public institutions , Enriched the payment items.

Everbright Bank's electronic banking department is cooperating with third-party payments such as Alipay and Tenpay to sell Everbright's financial services and wealth management products. However, the China Securities Regulatory Commission formally released the "Administrative Measures for the Sale of Securities Investment Funds (Revised Draft)" in June 2011, which relaxed the access mechanism for third-party sales of funds. For the majority of fund buyers, in addition to banks, securities firms or In addition to the fund company website, there is another new third-party payment option.

In May 2010, "Taiping Tongbao", an honest and unbounded payment system of Jiangxi Wonderful Life Investment Development Co., Ltd., reached a strategic partnership with Jiangxi Lantian College, a private university. service. This has greatly expanded the development space of third-party payment systems, marking that the third-party payment system has entered the school, and a new era of third-party payment campus marketing has officially arrived.

Features:

1. Intermediate business income Intermediate business is generally a business in which a commercial bank handles collections, payments, and other entrusted matters on behalf of customers and collects fees. Banks do not need to use their own funds, relying on the advantages of business, technology, institutions, reputation and talents, acting as an intermediary for customers to undertake collection and payment and other entrusted matters, providing various financial services and charging fees based on business, Without having to occupy your own funds, it is generated on the basis of the bank's asset liability credit business, and can promote the development and expansion of bank credit business. Alipay's intermediate business is to collect fund channel fees. In order to cope with increasing competition, Alipay's handling fee has been reduced from 0.8% to 0.5%. For banks, third-party payment institutions are indeed a good channel for deposits. Overnight interest can allow banks to inter-bank lending or rediscount-intermediate business has always been the largest source of profit in China's banking system.

2. Payment channel usage fee income Alipay's services are only wholesale and not retail. When the total transaction amount reached by the seller through Alipay is less than 450,000 yuan, the seller basically pays the minimum 3600 yuan usage fee to Alipay annually. Even if the transaction amount is not reached, the fee will not be refunded. When the seller's transaction amount is between 450,000 and 1.5 million, the prepayment amount increases to 12,000 yuan. Higher are 21,000 yuan, 32,000 yuan, and 60,000 yuan. Anyone who exceeds the transaction limit will be charged a single 1.5%.

E-commerce finance cross-border cooperative finance

Case:

1. Financial cooperation with banks (1) Cooperation with domestic banks On January 12, 2010, Bank of China cooperated with Taobao, the largest online trading platform in China, to launch the first domestic super online payment credit card, BOC Taobao Credit Card. So far, Alipay has carried out in-depth cooperation with more than 80 banks and financial institutions, including state-owned commercial banks, national joint-stock commercial banks, regional banks, other institutions, etc., and it has formed Alipay fast payment cooperation with 108 banks.

(2) Cooperation with foreign banks Standard Chartered Bank China Co., Ltd. and Alipay jointly launched the "Standard Chartered Bank-Alipay Express Payment" service on February 15, 2012 to provide online consumer payment services for individual users who hold Standard Chartered China debit cards. It is also the first online fast payment service launched by China International Bank. This in turn provides the basis for Alipay to launch cross-border payment services for overseas users. In addition, the Bank of East Asia and Hana Bank also formed a cooperative relationship with Alipay.

2. Cooperative Finance with Insurance In October 2009, AIA and Alipay reached a cooperation agreement to expand e-commerce insurance sales channels. The business will first launch an online payment promotion service for AIA Online and Alipay's active members and potential customers. Users can obtain points provided by Alipay as long as they log in to AIA and use Alipay to purchase insurance products they need. The scope of the activity will cover all the operating areas of AIA in the country, which will undoubtedly provide a new platform for customers who are used to shopping online.

3. Cooperate with securities for finance. A group of fund companies in China are actively setting up new channels for fund sales in the future. Almost 10 fund companies have reached cooperation agreements with third-party payment operators to remit the world, and more fund companies are working with Fu Tianxia to discuss cooperation details. For the fund company, relying on its own strength to develop the direct selling business consumes a lot of manpower. If a special person is responsible for the settlement of each bank that opens a consignment business, it will have to pay the bank hundreds of thousands of dollars in payment port usage fees each year. Cooperation, fund companies will save a lot of resources.

4. Cooperating with Gaming Finance In January 2011, Alipay cooperated with Kuaicaile to facilitate the recharge of lottery players. All Alipay members can use Alipay accounts to log in to purchase lottery. This lottery provides a more secure, new and convenient The method of recharging is another improvement of the lottery gaming experience. This also marks the entry of third-party payments into the gaming industry market.

5. Trust Finance In August 2011, the Alipay Guaranteed Trading Open Program was officially launched. The program will provide core functions such as fund custody, product distribution, and automatic distribution for free for websites and communities, and support online applications and autonomous access. In addition to guaranteeing the security of funds, Alipay will also help resolve disputes in transactions and minimize fraudulent transaction information. Websites such as Sina Weibo, Douban, Mushroom Street, and Tuan 800 have taken the lead in joining the Alipay Guaranteed Trading Open Plan. During the trial operation phase, the number of users in secured transactions increased rapidly by 50% per month.

Features:

1. Commission income from financial products underwriting.

2. Directly increase the number of SKUs on the platform and expand from pure physical products to high-level financial products. Consumers are moving from pure online shopping to comprehensive consumption such as home education and financial management. Therefore, the e-commerce platform is no longer a traditional shopping website.

3. It can greatly increase platform IP traffic and increase PV volume.

4. Raise the water level of the fund pool of the e-commerce platform.

E-commerce finance pre-sale order financing finance

Case:

On September 27, 2012, Tmall and Haier launched a network custom LCD TV. Haier Marshal LCD TV is customized by netizens and then paid in advance. During the customization phase, three platforms including Tmall Appliance City, Haier Mall and Tongshuai s official website were voted on by one million netizens within 8 days. Votes were made on 6 customization points, including TV size, frame, clarity, energy consumption, color, and interface. , Then arrange production according to the voting results, and pre-sale on Tmall and Ju cost-effective platform. After only 48 hours, the sales of 3,000 units of 24-inch LCD, 2,000 units of 46-inch LCD, and 5,000 units of 39-inch LCD were 10,000 units, which is equivalent to half a year of sales of a physical appliance retail chain! Tmall officially launched on the pre-sale channel After that, the "Tmall Pre-sale Channel Management Specification" was released. Consumers can pay a deposit in advance and pay the balance on the day of "Double Eleven".

The Tmall pre-sale platform has been officially launched on October 15 half a month before the "Double Eleven Shopping Carnival". On the day of the launch of the pre-sale platform on the 15th, the limited-sale pre-sale products in big-name markets included many of the top domestic and foreign luxury brands came to help, including global counters that need to be booked 2 to 3 years in advance to pick up the goods, and a Hermes in Asia Women's Platinum Handbag, Tiger Woods Signature Limited Edition Watch, Gucci Women's Sunglasses, Leonidas Handmade Brand, One of the Three Belgian Chocolates, CHOCOOLATE Style Men's Down Jacket, Chanel Wallet on a Chain Black Sheepskin Chain Handbag, Silver Double "C" Logo Luxurious ladies earrings, Dong'e Ejiao Limited Collector's Edition, 53-degree Maotai Kowloon Mobao for 30 years, etc. Most of the other pre-sale venues, such as apparel, investment funds, home building materials, living, and home appliance digital, are mostly led by pre-sales. This business model is also known as the C2B model.

Features:

1.Lock consumers in advance

The segment payment mode in pre-sale purchases is equivalent to locking consumers in advance in the form of margin.

2. Raise the water level of the fund pool of the e-commerce platform

The advance payment of entering the e-commerce platform account in advance can greatly increase the water level of the fund pool of the e-commerce platform. The most important thing is to extend the resident period of the original funds in the financial account of the e-commerce platform for 3-7 days and extend the pre-payment to the formal The full payment time (usually the pre-sale period is 10-15 days), plus 3-7 days, a total of about 13-22 days. The long-term stay of massive funds in the e-commerce platform account can imagine its benefits.

3.Pre-sale order financing

In the e-commerce environment, pre-sale order financing is more realistic and operational value. Collecting pre-sale information mainly through the Internet can quickly gather a single scattered consumer demand in a short time, give the seller a large purchase order, after the seller obtains the order in advance, he can use the customer's predetermined order to finance the bank, and then the production company has good credit Under the condition of mature technology, guaranteed production capacity and effective guarantee, the buyer's product order will be provided by the bank with a special loan for the company to purchase materials to organize production, and the company will immediately repay the loan after receiving the payment. The pre-sale model can truly release the advantages of traditional brands in the e-commerce war, and can be optimized from the back, middle or front of the supply chain. While giving consumers preferential treatment, it also protects the seller's profits. If pre-sale financing can be widely implemented in e-commerce, e-commerce companies and manufacturers can be freed from the high cost of "accounts payable" and the "account period" of up to three months. Introduce bank financing to achieve "zero capital" operations and optimize supply chain management. However, this pre-sale financing places higher requirements on the marketing, information integration capabilities and credit of e-commerce platforms and merchants.

4. Logistics cost savings and integration

Pre-sale can change the original time-sharing logistics into time-fixed-point batch logistics, and can merge main-line logistics, which greatly improves logistics efficiency and reduces logistics costs.

E-commerce finance supply chain finance

Case:

JD Mall started to build a supply chain financial service platform in 2012. This platform combines JD Mall supplier evaluation system, settlement system, bill processing system, online banking, and bank-enterprise interconnection and other electronic channels. It is developed for all JD Mall suppliers. A comprehensive financial services platform for financial services. After completing the supply chain financial service platform construction test, JD.com and Bank of China announced on November 27, 2012 that they would provide supply chain financial service platform services to more than 500 suppliers. Since the beginning of cooperation between Bank of China and JD Mall suppliers in early 2012, it has completed nearly 100 million cooperation financing in just a few months. Digital China and JD.com achieved significant transaction through the supply chain financial service platform. Digital China uses good corporate credit as collateral and Jingdong Mall's reputation as protection, which reduces risks and increases the speed of collection of accounts receivable.

Compared with domestic online transactions, online foreign trade transactions are a more complex system involving customs clearance, commodity inspection, logistics, banking, customs, tax refunds and other departments, which are interlocking. Any slight omission in any link may cause significant loss. Shenzhen Yidatong company provides foreign trade supply chain service platform services for foreign trade companies, which provides all foreign trade intermediate services. On the platform, through customs clearance services for small and medium-sized enterprises, real-time, real and comprehensive transaction data can be obtained for small and medium-sized enterprises' trade processes. A corporate credit evaluation system based on real transactions can be established to ensure the integrity and transparency of the trading environment. Based on this, Bank of China strategically cooperates with the platform. Through intensive resource packaging, the bank grants unified credit to provide small businesses with letters of credit (L / C), credit sales loans (OA), and stock financing loans, which indirectly enhances corporate finance. Capabilities enable companies to have credit payment capabilities without facing banks. On the Datong platform, small and medium-sized foreign trade companies have changed their financial payment methods to bring them into line with international payment habits, enabling them to "open source" orders. More than 50 companies have used the financial service to obtain new orders. As of November 2012, the Yida supply chain platform has provided RMB 400 million in financing loans to SMEs.

Features:

1. Reduce transaction costs

In the current economic environment, exporting companies cannot reduce production costs, but they can significantly reduce transaction costs. Through the integrated resource capabilities of the supply chain financial platform, the company is only responsible for the production of goods, and the rest is solved by the platform. The platform service provider integrated and packaged the needs of each link of the enterprise to the supplier, and obtained the "group purchase price", which was 30% lower than the cost of the company's own operation and self-collection. As the number of customers continues to increase, procurement costs will also fall.

2. Supply chain financing

The timely nature of e-commerce technology enables every data in the e-commerce service supply chain to be collected and controlled, and provided to financial institutions to realize customer's trade chain financing. Supply chain financing services do not require companies to provide fixed asset collateral or guarantees. Instead, they have added a pledge of goods or transfer of receivables as a credit condition, and control logistics and receivables as risk control means to provide supply chain financing for SMEs. service. This online financing channel generated by the grafting of e-commerce platforms and bank credit platforms is providing new funding sources for SMEs, changing financial payment methods for enterprises, integrating with international payment habits, and realizing "open source" orders.

3. Supply chain integration

The competition of e-commerce is the competition of the supply chain. Whoever is more effective in the operation of the supply chain can take the lead. Through the flow of funds, the entire chain is moved forward to achieve the integration of the supply chain.

E-commerce Finance Internet Credit Finance

Case:

As early as June 2007, Alibaba officially established strategic cooperation with China Construction Bank and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China in the field of SME financing. Ali called this business "Ali loans". In June 2009, Alibaba Loans was separated from the B2B business and incorporated into the Alibaba Group, and the Alibaba Finance Division was established to take charge of the financing business of all the subsidiary's platforms. In March 2010, Zhejiang Alibaba Microfinance Co., Ltd. was formally approved for establishment. Alibaba Finance announced that as of the first half of 2012, its microfinance business had invested 13 billion yuan in loans, and since 2010 it had invested 28 billion yuan in total, providing financing for more than 130,000 small and micro enterprises and individual entrepreneurs. service. On July 20, 2012, Ali Financial achieved a single-day interest income of 1 million yuan. Based on this calculation, Ali Financial's interest income in one year will reach 365 million yuan. This is a loan model that can completely solve the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises, and its business volume is also a miracle, especially the number of loans.

Following the establishment of Alibaba's microfinance company, Suning Tesco also established Chongqing Suning Microfinance Co., Ltd. in December 2012 and officially entered the Chongqing Liangjiang New District. The target customers served by Chongqing Suning Microfinance Company are small and medium-sized micro-enterprises in the group's industrial chain. According to the supply of supporting enterprises to Suning Group, a combination of receivables pledge and other guarantee measures is used to obtain a comprehensive credit line at a small loan company. The credit period is generally one year, which can be divided into separate payments. In addition, small loan companies can also provide financing services such as comprehensive credit granting and bill discounting to upstream customers of Suning Group and its subsidiary subsidiaries. On the one hand, it can provide suppliers, especially small and micro suppliers, with innovative and convenient financial service products, solve the problem of financing difficulties for small and micro enterprises, and ensure the stable development of the company's e-commerce open platform; on the other hand, small loan companies and Suning Suning Yibao Payment and other online payment services together form a comprehensive and open Suning financial service platform, providing suppliers, partners and consumers with a series of products including e-commerce, payment settlement, and information services. service.

Features:

1. Credit interest margin income

The income of commercial banks mainly comes from the interest rate difference between deposits and loans. At present, China's deposit interest rate is 3.5%, the loan interest rate is 6.56%, and the interest margin is more than 3%. Since Alibaba Credit Finance is mainly targeted at merchants that cannot normally make loans through banks, the interest rate on loans is as high as 20%, which is far more than the difference in deposit and loan interest rates of commercial banks. This high spread mainly comes from the high risks of these merchants. At present, the credit reporting system of individual citizens and enterprises in China is not complete, and various departments and regions are building credit reporting data systems. However, due to various complex reasons, these The data are not open to each other, making bank loans difficult in credit evaluation, which restricts the financing channels of small and micro enterprises.

2.Big data value-added applications

E-commerce generates massive data through customer accumulation and transactions, and through the analysis and use of these data, a large number of value-added services and commercial applications can be generated. The reason why Ali Finance can lend so efficiently is mainly because it has a lot of transaction data left by customers based on e-commerce websites such as Taobao and Tmall. The most important factors in granting credit are cost and risk. Ali Financial has solved these two problems by collecting and integrating data.

3.Improve user stickiness

On the one hand, Ali Finance meets the financing needs of SMEs, on the other hand, it nurtures its own business and improves user stickiness. Alibaba's financial services are mainly aimed at providing short-term financing for Alibaba member companies. On the one hand, Ali small loan companies are set up to lend and use their own funds; on the other hand, they cooperate with banks to lend and use bank funds. Ali acts as a guarantor and credit information. The role of the provider.

4.Expand production capacity of e-commerce platform sellers

Prepayment is used for consumer's pre-consumption payment. It is divided into personal account pre-storage or deposit payment. The former is uncertain about the specific attributes of the purchased product, while the latter determines the specific attributes of the purchased product. Its role is to use funds for future consumption. Pay. Credit is used for producer-side production preparatory payments, and is used to initiate or expand the factors of reproduction of funds for payment.

E-commerce finance payment currency finance

Case:

Tencent began issuing online virtual currency Q coins in May 2002, which are used by QQ users to pay QQ QQ line numbers, QQ member services or purchase virtual clothing, scenes, cosmetics, exchange game currency, and purchase game items and other virtual goods. The official exchange rate is 1Q currency = 1 yuan, but it can only be exchanged in one direction. It is estimated that about 70% of Tencent's 2011 game revenue of 15.8 billion yuan was realized through Q coins.

Since then, Internet companies have launched their own "currency."

Shanda launches Shanda Yuanbao, a virtual currency used to purchase virtual items and other services in online games such as "Legend World". The official exchange rate is 1 Yuan = 1 yuan. Sina U coin is a virtual currency circulating on Sina.com. It can be used to purchase value-added services provided by Sina reading, finance, constellation, games and other products. The official exchange rate is 1U currency = 1 yuan. Baidu Coin is a virtual currency launched by Baidu for individual users. It is used for the recharge of various online games on Baidu Play Bar and the recharge of various community games for Baidu space applications. The official exchange rate is 1 Baidu coin = 1 yuan. Sohu.com launches Foxcoin. Players of its online game "Princes" can purchase foxcoins through foxcoin recharge channels and exchange them for princes platinum coins for use in the game mall. The official exchange price is 1 foxcoin = 1 yuan. Sina's Weibo virtual currency, Weibo, launched in the third quarter of 2011. This is also the first time Sina has monetized the platform. The official exchange price is 1 microcoin = 1 yuan. In addition, there are silver in winger games, silver in "Journey 2" games, chivalrous ingots in "Chivalry Road" games, and pattern silver in "Snow Love" games.

Due to the risk that virtual currencies may impact fiat currencies and disrupt the economic and financial order of a country, the government has placed supervision on the issuance of virtual currencies by Internet companies, such as strict restrictions on the total amount of issuance, and prohibiting virtual currencies from leaving the Internet application environment for purchasing physical products Wait.

Features:

1.Lock customer functions

All virtual currencies have a one-way conversion clause, that is, they can only be exchanged for fiat currencies using the fiat currency, and virtual currencies cannot be converted into fiat currencies. If options are the golden handcuffs of employees, then virtual currency is the golden handcuffs of Internet users. An application, a game, a community that owns its own virtual currency has a pair of glittering handcuffs, which firmly binds its users to its own Internet site.

2.Prepayment function

Before the customer has started to consume, the equivalent amount of fiat money purchased by the Internet currency has been injected into the Internet company account in advance, thereby forming a capital deposit.

3. Currency issuance income

In the era of metal money, the money supply is provided by economic entities. The exchange of money and commodities is an equivalent exchange process. In this process, there is basically no income from currency issuance. However, when the form of money develops into an undervalued currency, especially in the era of credit currency, technically, currency issuance is freed from the shackles of the real economy, and currency issuance becomes a privilege that can generate issuance income for issuers. Of course, there is a big difference between the so-called currencies of Internet companies and fiat currencies in circulation, but they all have functions of payment means and value scale. Although the "currency" of the Internet is exchanged with the legal exchange rate at a fixed exchange rate, the purchasing power of Internet currencies on the Internet is not fixed, that is, the purchasing power is fluctuating and has different purchasing power at different times. Through fluctuations in the purchasing power of Internet currencies on the Internet, Internet companies can earn revenue.

E-commerce Finance Mobile Payment Finance

Case:

After card payment and online payment, mobile payment has become a new favorite. The Alipay mobile client has nearly 4 million client downloads, while Apple Appstore and Android Market have also downloaded 700,000 downloads. In addition, there are a large number of external download forums, websites and private communications. The number of Alipay wireless payment transactions per day is close to 200,000. Mobile Alipay currently has 40 million users, and the ratio of online payment with PC is 1: 9. At the same time, Taobao launched its mobile version of Taobao in 2008 with its inherent advantages in product and technology and portability, officially blowing its rally into the wireless retail sector. On December 15, 2009, Taobao launched a high-profile launch of three customized mobile phones and mobile phone clients, which filled the gap in the domestic mobile e-commerce field and added more application scenarios for mobile payment anytime, anywhere. Mobile Taobao completes an average of 83,000 transactions per hour and sells 155,000 items.

At the same time, the development of mobile e-commerce, such as Meituan.com, Lashou.com, and Air China's mobile applications, has contributed to a significant increase in demand for mobile payments. Although mobile payments account for a small proportion of China's total consumer payment transaction value, which is US $ 2.5 billion, it is predicted that this number will increase to US $ 40 billion by 2014. Purchases of tickets, digital books and music will see the biggest growth. By 2015, the proportion of mobile payment will reach half. Features:

1.Let customers buy online in any application context

The existence of business involves the flow of funds, so it must also include the payment process. Mobile financial services, including mobile payments, allow customers to get the strong demand for any desired financial service at any time, anywhere, and using any available method, that is, 3A (Anytime, Anywhere, Anyway). This is undoubtedly extremely The earth has expanded the convenience and timeliness of online shopping, thereby increasing the total transaction value of the e-commerce platform.

2. Make any goods and services that need to pay for purchase become online goods

NFC (NearField Communication) non-contact short-range wireless communication technology and ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) non-parking charging system can make any goods and services that need to pay for purchases such as crossing the bridge, parking, commuting, etc. become online goods. This will undoubtedly extend the boundaries of online goods to any legally circulating goods and services, and will greatly increase the total transaction value of the e-commerce platform.

Conclusion: E-commerce is the economy generated by the leverage of the Internet to leverage the currency flow of trading media. The transformation from traditional real retail business to online retail has changed only the tools and locations of the transaction, but the essence remains unchanged. It is to plow and accelerate the flow of money to generate an economy and create wealth for businesses, individuals and society. Dear e-commerce players, if you want to play e-commerce finance, you must know which e-commerce finance admission qualifications should be available, what playable tools, which must be selected and selected, and also have the skills and psychology to play Quality.