How Do Deaf-Blind People Communicate?

Sign language (C) is a gesture or gesture that simulates images or syllables to form certain meanings or words based on changes in gestures. It is a hand language for people with hearing or speech difficulties to communicate and exchange ideas with each other. It is "An important tool for spoken language", and for the hearing impaired, it is the main communication tool.

Sign language existed in ancient times, not exclusively for the deaf. The ancients leaned on their hands

The difference between sign language and language lies mainly in the issue of speech and whether deaf people think with gestures. Linguists consider sign language to be a symbol, not language, based on the phonetic properties of the language; deaf education experts, special education workers, and deaf people think that sign language is also a language based on the language properties of sign language, which is a branch of language and is A special language form. However, sign language cannot be compatible with

-Before the 18th century, sign language was widely used to provide good education for deaf children.

-1880 in Italy

Sign Language Research Promotion

The function of researching and promoting sign language was originally under the responsibility of the former Chinese Association of the Blind and Deaf. 1988

"Ling Fingers" is a sign language scheme that uses right-hand initials and lip-type finals (or additional left-hand finals) to assist oral Chinese teaching. The characteristics are: hand-to-mouth use, focusing on the "sound (media) mother + lip type" sign language mode, taking into account single-handed use, suitable for deaf families and school oral teaching. Fingerprints, as written symbols to record two-finger language, can be applied to the accessible identification of deaf people in various places.

Chinese folks have traditional digital sign language, namely one-finger one, two-finger two, three-finger three, four-finger four, five-finger five, scratch six, pinch seven, branch eight, hook nine, and fist zero. The sign of digital sign language is: index finger One finger extended to indicate the number 1; middle finger and forefinger two fingers extended to indicate the number 2; middle finger, forefinger and thumb three fingers extended to indicate the number 3; forefinger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger extended to indicate the number 4; all five fingers extended Open means number 5. Five fingers are half-bent, showing "scratches". Numbers indicate number 6. Chinese food thumbs are half-bent, aligned with "pinching" fingers, indicating numbers 7. Thumbs and forefingers are spread out like "forks." Indicates the number 8; the index finger is half-bent, showing the number 9 in the shape of a "hook"; the five fingers gathered and the "fist" indicates the number 0. The consonants and vowels in the "finger lips" scheme are derived from the above fingering specifications.

Hearing impaired communication methods include oral grammar, sign grammar, and concurrent usage. Although the current world trend is mainly based on oral grammar, there is no denying the sign language's true value. Deaf students need to breathe out a single tone. They are tired, so deaf students do not like to speak and prefer sign language. Except for maintenance training classes (wearing hearing aids during classes to facilitate oral teaching), most of them focus on sign language teaching, And usage, especially junior, high school, or all deaf people must rely on sign language communication.

For the sake of simplicity, deaf people often like to play natural sign language, but the grammar is not smooth. Example: "I am not smart" "I received" "She is pretty" "You are poorly dressed" (you wear too few clothes), and there are some special words between the deaf people, which results in a poor language level Or the words are reversed, so we guide them as far as possible to write grammatical sign language or match spoken language to make up for the lack of language ability. Currently

Proof that sign language belongs to language

(I) There is still a debate as to whether language originated from gestures. But it is undeniable that sign language has a certain effect on the formation of language.

Shuangpin palm, using the four corners assumed by the palm speaker as the frame of reference, also called roof corner palm; In the process of Shuangpin palm, if the arm's motion reaches the level of extension, it can be converted into Shuangpin arm language . Compared with fingering and pinyin, Shuangpinzhang's two sign language moves express a single sound, the letter movement is clear, the effective communication distance is longer, and it can be used by people with hearing impairment, language impairment, sign language teachers and other groups. (For the specific plan, please refer to "Chinese Fanzi" in the banner entry)

On May 21, 2018, the National Common Sign Language Common Words List and the National General Braille Program were reviewed by the National Standards Work Committee Standardization Standards Review Committee, and approved by the China Disabled Persons' Federation, the Ministry of Education, and the National Language Work Committee , Released as a language specification and implemented as of July 1, 2018.

The National Common Sign Language Common Words List and the National Common Braille Plan stipulate the standard actions of common sign languages and the rules for writing the national common language in Braille, respectively.

Compared with the original "Chinese Sign Language", "National Common Sign Language Commonly Used Word List" clearly includes the sign language widely used in the real life of the majority of hearing disabled people, replacing many sign languages that correspond to Chinese characters in the past, greatly reducing the number of finger letters. In the use of sign language, attention should be paid to describing changes in body movements and facial expressions during sign language expression, focusing on reflecting the linguistic characteristics of sign language.

The National General Braille Plan uses the initials, vowels, tones, and punctuation of the current Braille. It does not change, delete or add any symbols, but only improves the current rules of Braille punctuation and regulates the use of tone symbols. The national common Braille can smoothly and smoothly realize the transition between the old and the new. People who have learned the national Braille book do not need to prepare to learn if they want to read a previous version of the current Braille book. ^[1]