What Are Bronchial Tubes?

It is the first grade bronchus divided by the trachea, namely the left and right main bronchus. The left main bronchus is thin and long, with an average length of 4 to 5 cm. It forms an angle of 35 ° to 36 ° with the extension of the midline of the trachea. The right main bronchus is thick and short, with an average length of 2 to 3 cm. It forms an angle of 22 ° to 25 ° with the extension of the midline of the trachea. It goes straight and passes through the right hilum into the right lung. Therefore, foreign bodies in the trachea often fall into the clinic. Right main bronchus. It is a section of breathing tube that starts from the end of the trachea and right to the hilum. The right bronchus is thick and short, approximately vertical. When foreign bodies enter the trachea, it is generally easier to enter the right bronchus. Because the right lung is divided into upper, middle, and lower lobes, the right bronchus branches earlier into the upper lobe of the right lung, that is, the upper bronchus of the artery, and then descends into two branches, which enter the right and middle lobe, respectively. After each side of the bronchus enters the lungs, it branches repeatedly. There is a name for the bronchial tree. The last branch of the bronchus is called the leaflet bronchioles and penetrates into the independent lobules. The bronchus that does not enter the lungs has the same structure as the trachea.

It is the first grade bronchus divided by the trachea, namely the left and right main bronchus. The left main bronchus is thin and long, with an average length of 4 to 5 cm. It forms an angle of 35 ° to 36 ° with the extension of the midline of the trachea. It runs more inclined and enters the left lung through the left hilar. The right main bronchus is thick and short, with an average length of 2 to 3 cm. It forms an angle of 22 ° to 25 ° with the extension of the midline of the trachea. It goes straight and passes through the right hilum into the right lung. Therefore, foreign bodies in the trachea often fall into the clinic. Right main bronchus. It is a section of breathing tube that starts from the end of the trachea and right to the hilum. The right bronchus is thick and short, approximately vertical. When foreign bodies enter the trachea, it is generally easier to enter the right bronchus. Because the right lung is divided into upper, middle, and lower lobes, the right bronchus branches earlier into the upper lobe of the right lung, that is, the upper bronchus of the artery, and then descends into two branches, which enter the right and middle lobe, respectively. After each side of the bronchus enters the lungs, it branches repeatedly. There is a name for the bronchial tree. The last branch of the bronchus is called the leaflet bronchioles and penetrates into the independent lobules. The bronchus that does not enter the lungs has the same structure as the trachea.

Chinese name

bronchus

Foreign name

bronchi

Diameter

1.0 1.5cm

About

5cm

1 Bronchus 1, the anatomy of the bronchi:

The self-tracheal branch is divided into two branches, which are oblique to the left and right to enter the hilum. The angle between the left and right bronchial tubes is 60 to 80 degrees, which is slightly larger for women than men. The size of the bronchial angle is related to the shape of the thorax. The shorter the width of the thorax, the larger the angle, and vice versa. The left bronchus is slender, with an average length of about 4.9 cm, which is 1/2 of the trachea. The angle between the left bronchi and the central axis of the trachea is 40-50 degrees. It enters the left hilum at the height of the 6th thoracic vertebra. The right bronchus is relatively thick and short, with an average length of about 2.3 cm, which is 1/5 of the tracheal length. The angle between the right bronchi and the central axis extension of the trachea is 25-30 degrees. It enters the right lung at the height of the 6th thoracic spine. The bronchus is composed of three layers: The mucosal layer is the innermost layer of the bronchus, which is covered with mucous membrane and is a pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelial cell. The epithelial cells are interspersed with goblet cells. The submucosa is loose connective tissue, which contains more tracheal glands. The adventitia is composed of hyaline cartilage and fibrous tissue. The tracheal cartilage is in the shape of a horseshoe, with the notch facing the dorsal side, and the membrane wall composed of smooth muscle bundles and connective tissue is closed. The smooth muscle bundles in the membrane wall are mostly arranged horizontally. When the smooth muscles contract, the trachea can be thinned. The trachea cartilage is connected by ligaments. The outer part is covered with connective tissue, which contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves and adipose tissue. The goblet cells of the bronchial mucosa can secrete mucus and adhere the dust and bacteria in the inhaled air, and the ciliated epithelium of the mucous membrane has cilia. The cilia keep swinging towards the throat, pushing mucus, dust and bacteria together towards the throat. The mucous membrane of the larynx is very sensitive, and the cough is reflexively caused by the stimulation of sputum.