What Are the Common Causes of a Flaky Vagina?

Acute vaginitis is an acute inflammation caused by a certain pathogen infection. There are many pathogens that cause infections, such as Candida, Trichomonas, bacteria, viruses, etc., which can lead to Candida vaginitis, Trichomonas vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, senile vaginitis and so on.

Basic Information

English name: acute vaginitis
Visiting department: Gynecology

Common locations: vaginal
Common causes: Acute vulvovaginal infection caused by a certain pathogen
Common symptoms: And vulvar itching and burning, pain during intercourse, dysuria, urgency, etc.

Causes of Acute Vaginitis

Acute vulvovaginal infection caused by a certain pathogen.

Clinical manifestations of acute vaginitis

Clinical changes are characterized by changes in the characteristics of leucorrhea and itching and burning of the vulva. Pain during intercourse is also common. When the infection affects the urethra, there may be symptoms of dysuria and urgency. The common clinical manifestations of different vaginitis are as follows:

Bacterial vaginosis

Also known as Gartnerella vaginitis, Haemophilus vaginitis, Corynebacterium vaginitis, is a kind of vaginal mucosa inflammation caused by various pathogenic bacteria such as Gartnerella. Pregnant women can cause abortion or postpartum endometritis. Severe infections can also cause sepsis, urinary tract infections, perrenal abscesses, and cystitis.

(1) Symptoms are more common in sexually active women. 10% to 50% of patients with this disease are clinically asymptomatic. Those with symptoms often report grayish yellow leucorrhea with fishy smell, vaginal burning sensation, and itching.

(2) Signs The vulva is red and swollen, and the vaginal mucosa is congested, grayish red, mildly red and swollen, and the secretions are mostly homogeneous, thin, off-white, sometimes milky yellow or greenish, and smelly. Vaginal pH is usually 5 to 5.5. Sometimes the amount of leucorrhea is small, with only a thin layer, such as a film-like covering the congested vaginal wall. A few patients have erythema or bruising on the vaginal wall.

2. Trichomonas vaginitis

(1) Symptoms of leucorrhea increase, which can be a thin serous, grayish yellow or yellow-green, sometimes mixed with bloody, 20% leucorrhea has foam. The vulva has obvious itching and burning, and pain during intercourse is also common. When the infection affects the urethral orifice, there may be dysuria, urgency, and even hematuria.

(2) Signs Examination of the disease reveals congestion and edema of the vaginal and cervical mucosa, often with scattered red spots or strawberry-like protrusions, and a large amount of leucorrhea in the posterior fornix.

3. Candida vaginitis

Candidal vaginitis is also called fungal vaginitis. It is mainly caused by Candida albicans infection. This bacterium is parasitic in the normal vagina, and is easy to develop when local environmental conditions change, causing inflammation. Common in pregnant women, diabetic patients and those receiving a large amount of glucocorticoid therapy.

(1) Symptoms The most common symptoms are leucorrhea, severe burning and itching of the vulva and vagina. If it affects the urethra, there may be frequent urination, urgency, and dysuria.

(2) The typical leucorrhea is curd-like or patchy, and the vagina and vaginal vestibular mucosa are highly edema, covered with white curd-like film, distributed in dots or sheets, easy to peel off, and underneath is the damaged flushing base It may form ulcers or leave ecchymoses. In severe cases, the labia minora may swell and stick. But leucorrhea does not all have the above-mentioned typical characteristics. It can appear from water samples to curd-like leucorrhea. If it is completely thin and clear serous exudate, it often contains white flakes.

4. Senile vaginitis

(1) Symptoms are mainly increased vaginal discharge, mostly yellow water, and severe cases may be purulent, odorous, sometimes pale blood, and even a small amount of vaginal bleeding. It is often accompanied by a feeling of bulging in the lower abdomen and vagina or the skin of the vagina is affected by inflammatory secretions, which can produce mild itching.

(2) Signs show that the vagina is senile, the folds disappear, the epithelium is thin, the mucosa is congested, and there are scattered punctate congestion on the surface. In severe cases, the epithelial exfoliation forms superficial ulcers, and the cervix is also slightly congested. If senile vaginitis persists, after the submucosal connective tissue fibrosis, the vaginal elasticity disappears, making the vagina narrow, especially in the vault, which makes it difficult to expose the cervix.

5. Young children with vaginitis

Purulent discharge can be seen at the vaginal opening. The child cries frequently because of vulvar soreness, irritability, and often scratches the vulva with hands. The vulva, clitoris, urethral opening, vaginal opening, mucosal congestion, edema, and purulent discharge from the vaginal opening were observed. In severe cases, ulcers can be seen on the surface of the vulva, and adhesions can be seen on the labia minora. The adhesion of the labia minora covers the vaginal opening and urethral opening. There is only a small hole left and above, and urine is discharged from the small hole.

6. Vaginitis during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the body's resistance decreases, vaginal sugar increases, and vaginitis is prone to occur, especially candida vaginitis, and patients who dare not take the drug due to the consideration of the effect on the fetus, will make the inflammation quickly worsen, it is possible Harm to the fetus or the newborn at birth, you must actively treat vaginitis during pregnancy.

7. Menstrual vaginitis

Most of the menstrual periods do not pay attention to menstrual hygiene, especially the use of unclean menstrual supplies caused the vulva to be contaminated by unclean things. Appears as a fall and burning sensation in the perineum and increased vaginal discharge.

8. Honeymoon vaginitis

More common in newly married women. Mainly due to inattention to sexual organs and sexual life hygiene. Presented by increased vaginal discharge, vaginal and vulvar itching, redness and swelling of the mucous membranes.

9. Purulent vaginitis

More common in women with vaginal lacerations or birth trauma. It shows an increase in leucorrhea, a yellow pus-like appearance, a fishy smell, burning and pain in the vagina, and red and swollen mucous membranes.

10. Simple vaginitis

The most likely cause of simple vaginitis is postpartum, postpartum injury, long-term use of uterine pessary and other mechanical stimuli or infection of pyogenic bacteria. In addition, infectious secretions from the uterus or cervix that often stimulate the vaginal mucosa can also cause simple vaginitis.

11. Soft chancre vaginitis

It is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. It is infected through unclean sex. After 1 to 5 days of incubation period, one or more small red papules on the labia majora, ulcerated quickly, and expanded into soy or larger ulcers, with a softer base, more dirt, pus, and obvious pain, which gradually expanded.

12. "March" vaginitis

When adolescent women first came to menstruation, they abused the unclean toilet paper, causing the perineum to be contaminated with unclean toilet paper, menstrual bands, and menstrual tampons. The bacteria were born and attacked, causing vaginitis. The main symptoms of this kind of "menarche" vaginitis are that the perineum has a falling and burning sensation, vaginal secretions increase, and even purulent thick secretions. Due to vaginal discharge, the urethra is stimulated, and symptoms such as frequent urination and dysuria may occur. Before going to bed, patients can wash the perineum and vaginal opening, wipe dry, gently push the sulfaconazole medicine into the vagina with clean fingers, its anti-inflammatory effect is very good, and generally does not damage the hymen.

13. Allergic vaginitis

The chemical components contained in the fragrance and perfume are very irritating to the vulva and vaginal mucosa, which are more likely to cause allergic reactions and vaginitis and vulvitis. Foams and bath oils are used when bathing. These chemicals can also easily cause allergic vaginitis. The main symptoms of this kind of vaginitis are vaginal itching, redness and swelling of vaginal and vulvar mucosa, and increased vaginal secretions. Therefore, patients should truthfully report their hidden pain to the doctor, and the doctor can make a correct diagnosis through a desensitization test without misdiagnosis. For the treatment of allergic vaginitis, antihistamines are often given orally, and bath oils and foams are prohibited inside and outside the vagina. Do not rub the powder and spray perfume on the vulva to prevent it from happening.

Acute vaginitis examination

Gynecological examination

Symptoms of vaginal inflammation require routine gynecological examination, preliminary screening for possible diseases, and taking secretion samples for necessary examination.

2. Vaginal discharge examination

Check the pH and cleanliness of the vagina for mold, trichomoniasis, and bacterial (cue cells, pus) infections.

3. Culture of vaginal secretions

Examination of which pathogenic bacteria is infected provides doctors with an accurate diagnosis.

4. Drug sensitivity test

Detecting which drugs the pathogenic bacteria are sensitive to can be targeted to improve the therapeutic effect.

Acute vaginitis diagnosis

1. The vaginal discharge is gray-white, very sticky, even like a batter, uniform, but not purulent discharge, the amount is uncertain.

2. The amine content in the secretion is particularly high, so it has a fishy smell. The odor is aggravated by promoting amine release during sexual intercourse or after activities. The amine smell can also be released after adding 10% potassium hydroxide in the secretion.

3. The pH value in vaginal secretions increases, and the pH range is 5.0 to 5.5, compared with 3.7 to 4.5 in normal people.

4. Clue cells can be detected in wet smears of vaginal secretions.

Of the above four criteria, a diagnosis can be confirmed by having more than three, and the fourth criterion is emphasized.

Acute vaginitis treatment

General treatment

Eliminate susceptibility factors. Keep the vulva clean and dry to avoid scratching. Do not eat spicy spicy food. Change your underwear frequently and wash it with warm water. Do not mix it with other clothes to avoid cross infection.

2. Change vaginal pH

The most suitable pH value for Candida growth is 5.5. The weak acidic environment of the vagina can maintain the self-cleansing function of the vagina, which is 3.7 to 4.5 in normal people. Therefore, the female care solution formulated with pH 4 weak acid is suitable for daily cleaning and maintenance. Feminine care solution using weak acid formula can inhibit the growth and reproduction of mold. When going out to the toilet, use a feminine hygiene wipe to dry the vulva and keep it dry to prevent the growth of Candida.

3. Drug therapy

(1) Trichomonas vaginitis Trichomonas vaginitis exists in the folds and glands of the cervix, but also in the urethra and intestines. Therefore, systemic use of metronidazole should be emphasized.

(2) Candida vaginitis For candidal vaginitis, 2% to 3% of soda solution can be used to rinse the vulva, vagina or sitting bath. After gently drying, place nystatin, miconazole or clotrimazole Suppository. Oral anticandidal drugs can also be used. Candida vaginitis in pregnant and lactating women should consider the effects on the fetus or infant before administration.

(3) The preferred drug for bacterial vaginitis is metronidazole orally. It can also be applied topically and placed in the vagina.

(4) Treatment of senile vaginitis can be applied topically in the vagina, such as washing the vagina with a 1% lactic acid or acetic acid solution or a female care solution with a pH 4 weak acid formula, once a day, to increase vaginal acidity. Those with severe inflammation should be treated with estrogen preparations.