What Are the Common Causes of Fibrosis?

Fibrosis is a medical concept. Fibrosis can occur in a variety of organs. The main pathological changes are increased fibrous connective tissue in organ tissues and reduced parenchymal cells. Continuous progress can cause organ structure destruction and functional decline, and even failure. Threatening human health and life.

Fibrosis

(Medical concept)

Fibrosis is a medical concept. Fibrosis can occur in a variety of organs. The main pathological changes are increased fibrous connective tissue in organ tissues and reduced parenchymal cells. Continuous progress can cause organ structure destruction and functional decline, and even failure. Threatening human health and life.

Chinese name

Fibrosis

Foreign name

fibrosis

Lesion characteristics

Increased fibrous connective tissue in organ tissues

Category

A medical concept

Organs are composed of two parts: parenchyma and interstitial. Essentially refers to the main structural and functional cells of the organ (such as the liver

1 Overview: Fibrosis can occur in a variety of organs. The main pathological changes are an increase in fibrous connective tissue in organ tissues and a decrease in parenchymal cells. Continuous progress can cause organ structure destruction and functional decline, and even failure, which seriously threatens human health and life.

Organs are composed of two parts: parenchyma and interstitial. The parenchyma refers to the main structural and functional cells of the organ (such as the parenchymal cells of the liver are hepatocytes). The stroma consists of stromal cells and extracellular matrix (mainly collagen, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, and elasticity). Protein), distributed between parenchymal cells, and mainly plays the role of mechanical support and connection. In addition, the extracellular matrix constitutes a microenvironment that maintains the physiological activities of cells, is a bridge for signal transmission between cells, participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, and plays an important role in tissue wound repair and fibrosis.

Tissue fibrosis is the main cause of disability and death of many diseases worldwide. According to relevant statistics from the United States, nearly 45% of patients who die from various diseases in this country can be attributed to tissue fibroproliferative diseases. We can see in Table 1 that tissue fibrosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases in the main organs of the human body.

Table 1 Common organ fibroproliferative diseases and syndromes

Main organ	Typical diseases and syndromes
1 lung	Diseases with known causes: occupational diseases of inorganic dust (silicosis, asbestos lung, coal lung, etc.); organic dust and allergic pneumonia (peasant lung, air-conditioning humidifier lung, pigeon feeder lung, bagasse pneumoconiosis, etc.); and medication / treatment Related diseases (antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory preparations, cardiovascular drugs, antitumor drugs, oral hypoglycemic agents, oxygen, morphine, etc.); infectious diseases (tuberculosis, viral pneumonia, pneumocystis infection, etc.) Secondary lung diseases (left heart failure, congenital heart disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome, chronic heart dysfunction, lung rejection related to transplant rejection, etc.); diseases of unknown etiology : primary lung diseases (idiopathic Interstitial pneumonia, occlusive bronchiolitis with organizing pneumonia, pulmonary lymphangioleiomyoma, etc.); collagen vascular disease-related lung diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, progressive systemic sclerosis) , Polymyositis, dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, etc.); alveolar filling diseases (diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndrome, alveolar proteinosis, eosinophilic pneumonia, pulmonary vasculitis, Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, necrotizing nodular granuloma, familial pulmonary fibrosis, etc.)
2 Cardiovascular system	Ischemic heart disease (alternative and interstitial fibrosis after myocardial infarction); hypertension heart disease; inflammatory cardiomyopathy (viral myocarditis); metabolic cardiomyopathy (hemochromic cardiomyopathy, amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy, glycogen accumulation cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, etc.); Keshan disease; dilated cardiomyopathy; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restricted cardiomyopathy; arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, etc.
3 liver	Viral cirrhosis (hepatitis B, C and D hepatitis virus hepatitis); schistosomiasis cirrhosis; alcoholic cirrhosis; bile cirrhosis (primary biliary cirrhosis, secondary gallstones, periportal inflammation) Metabolic cirrhosis (hepatolenticular degeneration, hemochromatosis); toxic cirrhosis (organophosphorus poisoning, carbon tetrachloride poisoning, hepatotoxic drugs such as isoniazid, tetracycline, chlorpromazine poisoning, etc.); nutrition Adverse cirrhosis; cardiogenic cirrhosis (chronic congestive heart failure)
4 Pancreas	Acute pancreatitis; Pancreatic duct obstruction; Chronic alcoholism; Oddi sphincter dysfunction; Pancreatic ischemia, etc.
5 kidney	Vascular (hypertension); immune (glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, renal transplant rejection) infectious (pyelonephritis, kidney stones) metabolic (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hyperuricemia, Hypercalciuria) etc.
6 spleen	Splenic fibrosis
7 eyes	After eye trauma and surgery, diabetic retina retinal fibrosis
8 Nervous System	After spinal cord injury, stroke scar formation, dementia?
9 bone marrow	Idiopathic and drug-induced bone marrow fibrosis, polycythemia vera, chronic myelogenous leukemia, Hodgkin's disease