What Are the Different Types of Dental Abutment?

Fixed dentures use natural teeth on one or both sides of the missing tooth area as the abutment. Various types of retainers are made on the abutment, and the missing tooth area is used as a bridge. They are connected by a connector to form a whole. An agent is fixed on the abutment, and the patient cannot take a restoration by himself. Because its structure is similar to a bridge, it is also called a fixed bridge.

Bonded fixed denture

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Fixed dentures use natural teeth on one or both sides of the missing tooth area as the abutment. Various types of retainers are made on the abutment, and the missing tooth area is used as a bridge. They are connected by a connector to form a whole. Finally, they are cemented. An agent is fixed on the abutment, and the patient cannot take a restoration by himself. Because its structure is similar to a bridge, it is also called a fixed bridge.

Chinese name

Bonded fixed denture

Nature

Fixed denture

Attributes

Bonding

Indication

Single posterior teeth missing, 1 or 2 anterior teeth missing

1. A single posterior tooth is missing, and one or two anterior teeth are missing.

2. The periodontal tissue of the abutment is healthy, the crown has a normal anatomical shape and appearance, and there is sufficient healthy enamel available.

3 When the abutment has a small local defect, the prosthesis can be filled with resin.

4 The occlusion relationship is basically normal.

1. Multiple consecutive teeth are missing.

2. Adjacent teeth are loose and cannot be used as abutment teeth.

3 Dental enamel develops abnormally.

4 The crown is short and the enamel area is too small.

5. The adjacent tooth on one side is slightly loose or the crown is short, but the adjacent tooth cannot be added as the abutment.

6. Patients with deep jaw clenching, jaw clenching, excessive jaw force, bruxism, moderate or severe wear.

7. Free missing teeth.

1. The design of the anterior teeth bonding bridge and the design of the anterior teeth bonding retainer should strive for a large-area bonding surface and an appropriate groove retention shape.

(1) Preparation of abutment

The adjacent surface of the abutment near the side of the abutment is cut into a certain oblique angle or shallow groove. The two adjacent surfaces of the abutment are prepared with shallow grooves and obtain a common in-position.

The preparation of the tongue surface should have a gap of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, and the cavity can be used or the pulp chamber can be inactivated.

Reduce the height of the tongue surface to 1-2 mm above the gingival, and keep the cut end of the tongue surface 1 to 2 mm without cutting.

Tooth grinding generally does not exceed enamel.

(2) Making wax patterns

The cut end of the abutment retainer wax pattern is 1 to 2 mm away from the incision margin, and the cervical margin is 1 mm away from the gums.

If plastic or composite resin is used as the lingual surface of the bridge body, the metal back should have retention devices.

Overall embedding and casting.

(3) Try on the metal bracket

Meet the design requirements.

The incision of the abutment does not leak metal.

No early contact.

(4) Production of bridge lip surface: The bridge lip surface can be made of porcelain, composite resin or plastic, and the bridge lip surface can be produced according to different methods.

(5) Bonding and fixing

abutment acid etching.

The bonding surface of the metal wing plate is sandblasted and ultrasonically cleaned.

Light-cured or chemically-cured composite resin holds the restoration in place.

2. Design and manufacture of posterior teeth bonding bridge

(1) Design of posterior teeth bonding bridge retainer

Prepare the adjacent groove on the buccal side where the line angle measured from the buccal side and the far-mid line angle are connected.

The height of the adjacent surface of the gap should not be less than 3mm below the edge line.

The lingual side of the occlusal surface should cover the tongue tip 2/3.

(2) Preparation of abutment

The protrusions at the corners of the adjacent, lingual and buccal axial surfaces of the near-missing teeth are reduced to 1 to 2 mm above the gingival, and the height of the gingival gum of the bonding surface is not less than 3 mm.

Prepare the jaw abutment socket by measuring the gap between the abutments near the missing tooth, and make full use of the non-occlusal area of the maxillofacial region.

The abutment should obtain a common seat.

(3) Metal bridge manufacturing

Make the whole bracket wax model, embed and cast it.

Without affecting the occlusion and aesthetics, try to enlarge the tongue flap, buccal process, and jaw support.

Generally the gingival margin should be 1mm away from the gingival margin.

(4) Try on

It is in close contact with the dental tissue, and the gingival surface of the bridge is closely adhered to the tympanic membrane.

No early contact point.

(5) Bonding: The abutment bonding surface is acid-etched and bonded with an adhesive composite resin.

1. Tooth root exposed, the root surface should be treated with dentin adhesive.

2. Prevent the adhesive from covering the gums or entering the gingival sulcus, or gingivitis caused by improper design that causes the gum base to compress the gums or not close.

3 Review on time to prevent secondary caries caused by loosening of the bonding bridge. Where secondary caries are found, the bonded bridge should be removed for treatment. Unrepairable dentures are redone immediately.