What Are the Most Common Causes of Dizziness and Lightheadedness?

Dizziness is a common brain dysfunction and one of the common clinical symptoms. It is a feeling of dizziness, bulging head, light-headedness, shaking in the head, and dazzling. Dizziness can be caused by a variety of reasons, the most common of which are febrile diseases, hypertension, cerebral arteriosclerosis, craniocerebral trauma syndrome, and neurosis. In addition, it is also found in anemia, arrhythmia, heart failure, hypotension, drug poisoning, uremia, asthma, and so on. Dizziness is also common in the early stages of depression. Dizziness can occur alone, but it is often accompanied by headache. When dizziness is accompanied by a disturbance of balance or spatial orientation, the patient feels the peripheral environment or rotates, moves, or shakes itself. Occasionally, dizziness or dizziness does not cause much problem. If dizziness is prolonged for a long time, it may be a precursor to serious illness and should be paid attention to.

Basic Information

English name: Dizziness
Visiting department: Neurology
Common locations: head
Common causes: Nervous system diseases, ear diseases, medical diseases such as hypertension, colds, cervical degeneration, anemia, high blood viscosity, cerebral arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, etc.

Common symptoms: Dizziness, bloating, heavy head, shaking in the head, dazzling, with fatigue, pale, insomnia, tinnitus, emotional instability, forgetfulness, etc.
Contagious

Causes of dizziness and common diseases

There are several common causes of dizziness:

Neurological disease

Such as cerebral ischemic disease, cerebellar disease, brain disease, traumatic brain injury, some types of epilepsy and so on. In addition, patients with autonomic dysfunction and certain neurosis will often feel dizzy.

2. Ear diseases

Such as ear diseases that affect balance and cause dizziness.

3. Medical diseases

Such as hypertension, hypotension, various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, anemia, infection, poisoning, hypoglycemia and so on.

4. Cold

Sometimes colds may cause dizziness.

5. Degeneration of the cervical spine

Due to long-term posture or poor sleeping posture, cervical spine hyperplasia, deformation, degradation, neck muscle tightening, blocked arterial blood supply and insufficient cerebral blood supply are the main causes of dizziness. Often neck tightness, limited flexibility, occasional pain, scalp fingers, coldness, shoulder pain, heaviness, and even nausea, palpitation and other symptoms.

6. Anemia

If dizziness is accompanied by weakness and pale expression, the possibility of anemia should be considered. Patients with indigestion, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, and chronic inflammatory disease can all develop anemia.

7. High blood viscosity

Hyperlipidemia and thrombocytosis can increase blood viscosity and slow blood flow, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the brain, prone to fatigue, dizziness, and fatigue. The incidence of this type of disease is currently on the rise.

8. Cerebral arteriosclerosis

The patient is conscious of dizziness, and often suffers from insomnia, tinnitus, emotional instability, forgetfulness, and numbness in the limbs. Cerebral arteriosclerosis makes the inner diameter of cerebral blood vessels smaller, reduces blood flow in the brain, generates cerebral blood supply and insufficient oxygen supply, and causes dizziness. The clinical features are the three major symptoms of dizziness, sleep disturbance, and memory loss, as well as headaches in the top occipital region, paresis, and speech disorders. Generally, the disease develops slowly. The characteristics of this type of dizziness are that it is easy to appear during position changes or Heavier.

9. Heart disease, coronary heart disease

In the early stages of the disease, the symptoms are still mild, and some people may not have significant discomfort such as chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath, etc., but only feel headache, dizziness, weakness of the limbs, difficulty concentrating, tinnitus or forgetfulness. Cardiac arrest, paroxysmal tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation and other heart diseases can cause acute cerebral ischemia, showing dizziness, dizziness, upset stomach, syncope, etc.

10. Drug poisoning

Poisoning by streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin is common. In addition to dizziness, the patient had sensorineural hearing loss caused by vertigo and cochlear nerve damage. Chronic lead poisoning mostly manifests as neurasthenia syndrome, with dizziness, headache, insomnia, forgetfulness, fatigue, and dreams as the main symptoms, as well as hypothermia and decreased appetite.

11. Functional hypoglycemia

Can also cause dizziness, palpitation, weakness, tremor on fasting or exertion, sometimes twitching, loss of consciousness and so on. When the mood is tense or excessive ventilation, due to the increase of carbon dioxide emission, respiratory alkalosis, hypoxia of brain cells, dizziness and fatigue may occur, and the patient may feel numbness in the face, hands and feet, and occasionally have a sense of nausea.

12. Angiostatic dizziness

It is often triggered by emotional tension, pain, fear, bleeding, sweltering weather, fatigue, cavities, and insomnia. Patients often have autonomic dysfunction such as dizziness, dizziness, nausea, discomfort in the upper abdomen, pale face, and cold sweats. At that time blood pressure dropped and pulse was weak. Angiostatic dizziness is more common in frail young women. Orthostatic hypotension refers to dizziness, dazzling, soft legs, dizziness, and even syncope when standing, often accompanied by anhidrosis and impotence.

Dizziness clinical manifestations

Feeling dizzy, bloated, light-headed, shaking in the head, dazzling, etc. May be accompanied by weakness, pale, insomnia, tinnitus, emotional instability, forgetfulness and other symptoms.

Dizziness check

For patients with dizziness, they should have a detailed understanding of the medical history and a comprehensive physical examination. If necessary, hearing tests, vestibular function tests, and fundus examinations should be performed. Cerebrospinal fluid examination, skull or cervical X-ray photography, electrocardiogram, and electroencephalogram should be selected appropriately. And brain CT scan to find out the cause.

Differential diagnosis of dizziness

1. Stroke

Stroke disease is characterized by sudden fainting, unconsciousness, skewed tongue, half-body failure, and aphasia; or the absence of fainting, which is characterized by a skewed attempt. Stroke fainting is similar to vertigo, and vertigo can be a precursor to stroke. However, patients with vertigo have no signs of hemiplegia, crooked tongue, and strong speech.

2. Evidence

The seizure syndrome is characterized by sudden fainting, unconsciousness, or cold limbs. It usually wakes up within a short time after the attack, and there are no sequelae such as hemiplegia, aphasia, and skewed tongue. Severe cases can also die without waking. Severe dizziness can also cause vertigo, but generally there is no coma and unconsciousness.

3 Epilepsy

Epilepsy is characterized by sudden collapse, unconsciousness, spitting in the mouth, two eyes looking up, twitching of the limbs, or screaming like pigs and sheep in the mouth, waking up when moving, and waking up as usual. Epilepsy and vertigo are similar to those of vertigo, and there are many signs of dizziness, fatigue, chest tightness, etc. before the onset, and symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness often occur over a long period of time. Therefore, it should be distinguished from vertigo. The main point is that epilepsy and fainting servants must have coma and unconsciousness, and spit with mouth, eyes look up, convulsions, pigs and sheep crying and other symptoms.

4. Vertigo

Many people think of dizziness and dizziness as one thing. Dizziness is a relatively broad concept, including dizziness, dizziness, and unconsciousness. Dizziness is a more clinically specific symptom and is a motor illusion or hallucination. , Is the patient's disorientation or balance of spatial relationship. The patient is mainly dominated by the feeling of being dumped, or feels himself shaking and the scene is rotating. When the attack occurs, the patient feels that the surrounding objects are rotating when the eyes are open, and that they are rotating after closing the eyes. It is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, cold sweats, too fast or slow heart rate, increased or decreased blood pressure, and even hyperintestinal peristalsis. And frequent will wait.

Dizziness treatment principles

Dizziness can be treated from the cause and combined with physical, diet, and traditional Chinese medicine treatment.

Check for orthostatic hypotension. Ask for a history of hypertension and hypoglycemia. The patient was instructed to lie in a supine position, vital signs were measured every 15 minutes, and fluid was injected intravenously. Give medication if necessary.

If there is excessive ventilation, let the patient cover his nose with his hands or breathe with a bag; if he has dizziness while standing, let the patient lie down and rest, and then stand slowly. People with carotid allergies should avoid wearing clothes that restrict neck movement. Patients with ischemic attack or insufficient blood supply to the basilar artery should turn their heads slowly and actively perform standardized treatment.