What Is a Chondromyxoid Fibroma?

Cartilage myxoid fibroids are rare benign bone tumors that grow in lobulated myxoid and cartilage-like differentiation. They originate from connective tissue that forms cartilage and have mucinous and cartilage-like characteristics. It accounted for 1.04% of primary bone tumors and 2.31% of benign bone tumors. Faffe and Lichtenstein first described and named the disease in 1948. Age and gender distribution, the youngest 4 years old, the oldest 79 years old, 10 to 30 years old is the most common, accounting for 72%. The incidence is higher in men than in women, at 1.9: 1. The main clinical symptoms were mild pain, swelling, and restricted movement.

Basic Information

English name

chondromyxoid fibroma

Visiting department

orthopedics

Multiple groups

10 to 30 years old is most common, with a higher incidence in men than in women

Common locations

Metaphysis of long bone of lower limb

Common causes

Special differentiation of cartilage-derived benign tumors

Common symptoms

Minor pain, swelling, restricted movement

Causes of chondrocyte myxoid fibroma

Cartilage myxoid fibroma is a specially differentiated benign cartilage-derived tumor.

Clinical manifestations of cartilage myxoid fibroma

Cartilage myxoid fibroids have a slow course and are diagnosed days to years after their onset. The main symptoms are mild pain, swelling, and restricted movement. Pain can be induced by exercise or it can be localized without painful swelling. About one-third of the cases involve the tibia, which is more common in the proximal tibia, and is also common in the metaphysis of the distal femur. Occurs in the femur, other lower limb bones such as the fibula, foot bones, craniofacial bone, spine, pelvis, upper limb bones can also be affected.

Cartilage myxoid fibroma

The X-ray of the cartilage myxoid fibroid located in the long bone shows that the metaphysis is involved. It is an oval or circular osteolytic lesion that grows eccentrically. It grows outward, bulges, has clear edges, and is hardened. It can also be focal Ragged edges. If it continues to grow, the bone shell is shallow and no new bone is formed. Tumors are 1 to 10 cm in diameter, with an average of 3 cm. Cortical bone of the outer edge of the lesion became thin and swollen, no periosteum was regenerated, and the marginal cortex disappeared and damaged, which could invade soft tissues. The cortical bone was broken up to form a discoid shape, and a small Codman triangle appeared. Tumor calcification is rare on X-rays. Histological observation of 1/4 can reveal calcification. Pathological fractures are rare.

Cartilage myxoid fibroma diagnosis

Cartilage myxoid fibroids are mostly between the ages of 15 and 30 years old, and they occur in the long bone metaphysis of the lower extremities, with mild onset and long duration. X-ray showed eccentric osteolytic polycystic destruction at the metaphysis, bounded by sclerotic bone and normal bone, which can be used as a basis for diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of cartilage myxoid fibroma

This disease should be distinguished from diseases such as giant cell tumor of bone, aneurysmal bone cyst, poor fibrous structure, chondroblastoma, and low-toxicity infection of long bone.

Cartilage Myxoid Fibroma Treatment

Cartilage myxoid fibroids usually undergo bone scraping with lesions, with a local recurrence rate of 10 to 15%, and a simple curettage recurrence rate ranging from 20 to 40%. 80% of bone grafts can reduce the recurrence rate. Microwave inactivated bone grafting is more effective.