What Is a Differential White Cell Count?

Neutrophils: 1% -5% (0.04-0.5) × 10 / L in rod-shaped nuclei, 50% -70% (2-7) × 10 / L in lobulated nuclei, eosinophils: 0.5% -5.0 % (0.05-0.5) × 10 / L; basophils: 0% -1% (0-0.1) × 10 / L; lymphocytes: 20% -40% (0.2-0.4) × 10 / L; single Nuclear cells: 3% -8% (0.08-0.8) × 10 / L.

When the blood is centrifuged, the surface layer is off-white, and the cells in this part are called white blood cells. It is a group of morphology, function, and heterogeneous mixed cells in different stages of development and differentiation. It is classified into granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes according to morphology, function, and source. Judging the clinical significance only by white blood cell count has certain limitations, and it should be more accurate to analyze the condition in combination with white blood cell count.

Name

WBC Differential Count

category

blood

Normal WBC Differential Count

Neutrophils: 1% -5% (0.04-0.5) × 10 / L in rod-shaped nuclei, 50% -70% (2-7) × 10 / L in lobulated nuclei, eosinophils: 0.5% -5.0 % (0.05-0.5) × 10 / L; basophils: 0% -1% (0-0.1) × 10 / L; lymphocytes: 20% -40% (0.2-0.4) × 10 / L; single Nuclear cells: 3% -8% (0.08-0.8) × 10 / L.

Clinical Significance of WBC Differential Count

(1) Neutrophils: Increased in acute and suppurative infections ( , abscesses, pneumonia, appendicitis, erysipelas, sepsis, visceral perforation, scarlet fever, etc.), various poisonings (acidosis, uremia, lead poisoning, mercury Poisoning, etc.), tissue damage, malignancy, acute major hemorrhage, acute hemolysis, etc. Reduction in infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, measles, influenza; chemotherapy, radiotherapy. Certain blood diseases (aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, leukocytopenia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc.), hypersplenism, autoimmune diseases, etc. (2) Eosinophils: increased in allergic diseases, skin diseases, parasitic diseases, certain blood diseases, after radiation exposure, after splenectomy, infectious disease recovery period, etc. Reduced in typhoid, paratyphoid, glucocorticoids, adrenocorticotropic hormones and so on. (3) Lymphocytes: increased in certain infectious diseases (pertussis, infectious mononucleosis, infectious lymphocytosis, chicken pox, measles, rubella, mumps, viral hepatitis, lymphocytic leukemia and Lymphoma, etc.). Reduced in the acute phase of many infectious diseases, radiation sickness, immunodeficiency disease and so on. (4) Monocytes: Increased in the recovery period of tuberculosis, typhoid fever, infective endocarditis, malaria, monocyte leukemia, black fever and infectious diseases. (5) Basophils: More common in chronic myelogenous leukemia, basophils, Hodgkin's disease, and after splenectomy.

Precautions for WBC Differential Count

Leukocyte classification has large variations due to technical factors and cell distribution factors, so the dispersion of the classification count is large, and a large proportion of the classification, such as neutrophil and lymphocyte variation, is normally distributed, accounting for a small proportion Such as eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes were distributed by Powasson. According to Rümke and other studies, the 95% and 99% confidence limits of the white blood cell count can be found in the following table (Table 1). For example, a blood slice is classified into 200 white blood cells, in which granulocytes are 60% (p) and other cells are 40% (q). The standard error (SEp) of the probability of p is: In the table Low95% and High95% rows and p60 and q40 columns, the intersections are 53 and 67. That is to say, the 95% confidence limit of the classification of this example is the lowest 53%, the highest 67%, and the same 99% confidence limit is 51%- 69%. In other words, when the same blood film or another blood film of the same patient is counted again, there is a 95% probability that the classified count of granulocytes ranges from 53% to 67%, and the probability range is 99%. 51% -69%. Beyond this range, it is considered that the classification count error is too large and does not meet the quality requirements, and it should be taken seriously.

Leukocyte Differential Count Related Diseases

Acute suppurative myelitis, lymphedema of the extremities, mandibular deformity syndrome, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, Xanthomonas maltophilia pneumonia, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, epidemic encephalitis A, lymph Cellular choroid plexus meningitis, pediatric acute tracheobronchitis, Reiss syndrome

Symptoms of WBC Differential Count

Miliary pustules, brain palpitations, thickened and swollen spermatic cords, popping of trigger fingers, cracked nipples, pus and sputum

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