What Is an Irregular Period?
Irregular verbs, English verbs can be divided into regular verbs and irregular verbs according to their past tense and past participle composition. The past tense and past participle of regular verbs are composed of endings and -ed. When the ending is e, only d is added. When the ending is y, y is changed to ied. Irregular verbs vary from word to word.
Irregular verb
English word by
Serial number | Infinitive | Past tense | Past participle |
1 | abide | ab o de, abided | ab o de, abided |
2 | arise | ar o se | arise n |
3 | awake | awoke | awaked, awoken |
4 | be | was | been |
5 | bear | bore | borne, born |
6 | beat | beat | beaten |
7 | become | became | become |
8 | befall | befell | befallen |
9 | beget | begot | begotten |
10 | begin | began | begun |
11 | behold | beheld | beheld |
12 | bend | bent | bent |
13 | bereave | bereaved, bereft | bereaved, bereft |
14 | beseech | besought | besought |
15 | beset | beset | beset |
16 | bet | bet, betted | bet, betted |
17 | betake | betook | betaken |
18 | bethink | bethought | bethought |
19 | bid | bade, bid | bidden, bid |
20 | bind | bound | bound |
twenty one | bite | bit | bitten, bit |
twenty two | bleed | bled | bled |
twenty three | blend | blended, blent | blended, blent |
twenty four | bless | blessed, blest | blessed, blest |
25 | blow | blew | blown |
26 | break | broke | broken |
27 | breed | bred | bred |
28 | bring | brought | brought |
29 | broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted |
30 | build | built | built |
31 | burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned |
32 | burst | burst | burst |
33 | buy | bought | bought |
34 | cast | cast | cast |
35 | catch | caught | caught |
36 | chide | chided, chid | chided, chidden |
37 | choose | chose | chosen |
38 | cleave | clove, cleft | cloven, cleft |
39 | cling | clung | clung |
40 | clothe | clothed, clad | clothed, clad |
41 | come | came | come |
42 | cost | cost | cost |
43 | creep | crept | crept |
44 | crow | crowed, crew | crowed |
45 | cut | cut | cut |
46 | dare | dared, durst | dared |
47 | deal | dealt | dealt |
48 | dig | dug | dug |
49 | dle | dled; (US) dove | dled |
50 | do | did | done |
51 | draw | drew | drawn |
52 | dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt, dreamed |
53 | drink | drank | drunk |
54 | drive | drove | driven |
55 | dwell | dwelt | dwelt |
56 | eat | ate | eaten |
57 | fall | fell | fallen |
58 | feed | fed | fed |
59 | feel | felt | felt |
60 | fight | fought | fought |
61 | find | found | found |
62 | flee | fled | fled |
63 | fling | flung | flung |
64 | fly | flew | flown |
65 | forbear | forbore | forborne |
66 | forbid | forbade, forbad | forbidden |
67 | forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
68 | foreknow | foreknew | foreknown |
69 | foresee | foresew | foreseen |
70 | foretell | foretold | foretold |
71 | forget | forgot | forgotten |
72 | forgive | forgave | forgiven |
73 | forsake | forsook | forsaken |
74 | forswear | forswore | forsworn |
75 | freeze | froze | frozen |
76 | gainsay | gainsaid | gainsaid |
77 | get | got | got; (US) gotten |
78 | gild | gilded, gilt | gilded |
79 | gird | girded, girt | girded, girt |
80 | give | gave | given |
81 | go | went | gone |
82 | grave | graved | graven, graved |
83 | grind | ground | ground |
84 | grow | grew up | grown |
85 | hamstring | hamstringed, hamstrung | hamstringed, hamstrung |
86 | hang | hung, hanged | hung, hanged |
87 | have | had | had |
88 | hear | heard | heard |
89 | heave | heaved, hove | hesved, hove |
90 | hew | hewed | hewed, hewn |
91 | hide | hid | hidden |
92 | hit | hit | hit |
93 | held | held | held |
94 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
95 | inlay | inlaid | inlaid |
96 | keep | kept | kept |
97 | kneel | knelt | knelt |
98 | knit | knitted, knit | knitted, knit |
99 | know | knew | known |
100 | lade | laded | laden |
101 | lay | laid | laid |
102 | load | led | led |
103 | lean | leant, leaned | leant, leaned |
104 | leap | leapt, leaped | leapt, leaped |
105 | learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned |
106 | leave | left | left |
107 | lend | lent | lent |
108 | let | let | let |
109 | lie | lay | lain |
110 | light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted |
111 | lose | lost | lost |
112 | make | made | made |
113 | mean | meant | meant |
114 | meet | met | met |
115 | melt | melted | melted, molten |
116 | miscast | miscast | miscast |
117 | misdeal | misdealt | misdealt |
118 | misgive | misgave | misgiven |
119 | mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
120 | mislead | misled | misled |
121 | misspell | misspelt | misspelt |
122 | misspend | misspent | misspent |
123 | mistake | mistook | mistaken |
124 | misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
125 | mow | mowed | mown; (US) mowed |
126 | outbid | outbid | outbid |
127 | outdo | outdid | outdone |
128 | outg o | outwent | outgone |
129 | outgrow | outgrew | outgrown |
130 | outride | outrode | outridden |
131 | outrun | outran | outrun |
132 | outshine | outshone | outshone |
133 | overbear | overbore | overborne |
134 | overcast | overcast | overcast |
135 | overcome | overcame | overcome |
136 | overdo | overdid | overdone |
137 | overhang | overhung | overhung |
138 | overhea r | overheard | overheard |
139 | overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
140 | overleap | overleapt, overleaped | overleapt, overleaped |
141 | overlie | overlay | overlain |
142 | override | overrode | overridden |
143 | overrun | overran | overun |
144 | oversee | oversaw | overseen |
145 | overshoot | overshot | overshot |
146 | oversleep | overslept | overslept |
147 | overtake | overtook | overtaken |
148 | overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
149 | partake | partook | partaken |
150 | pay | paid | paid |
151 | prove | proved | proved, proven |
152 | put | put | put |
153 | quit | quitted, quit | quitted, quit |
154 | read | read [red] | read [red] |
155 | rebind | rebound | rebound |
156 | rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt |
157 | recast | recast | recast |
158 | redo | redid | redone |
159 | relay | relaid | relaid |
160 | remake | remade | remade |
161 | rend | rent | rent |
162 | repay | repaid | repaid |
163 | rerun | reran | rerun |
164 | reset | reset | reset |
165 | retell | retold | retold |
166 | rewrite | rewrote | rewritten |
167 | rid | red, redded | rid, ridded |
168 | ride | rode | ridden |
169 | ring | rang | rung |
170 | rise | rose | risen |
171 | rive | rived | riven, rived |
172 | run | ran | run |
173 | saw | sawed | sawn, sawed |
174 | say | said | said |
175 | see | saw | seen |
176 | seek | sought | sought |
177 | sell | sold | sold |
178 | send | sent | sent |
179 | set | set | set |
180 | sew | sewed | sewn, sewed |
181 | shake | shook | shaken |
182 | shave | shaved | shaved, shaven |
183 | shear | sheared | sheared, shorn |
184 | shed | shed | shed |
185 | shine | shone | shone |
186 | shoe | shod | shod |
187 | shoot | shot | shot |
188 | show | showed | shown, showed |
189 | shrink | shrank, shrunk | shrunk, shrunken |
190 | shrive | shrove, shrived | shriven, shrived |
191 | shut | shut | shut |
192 | sing | sang, sung | sung |
193 | sink | sank, sunk | sunk; sunken |
194 | sit | sat | sat |
195 | slay | slew | slain |
196 | sleep | slept | slept |
197 | slide | slid | slid |
198 | sling | slung | slung |
199 | slink | slunk | slunk |
200 | slit | slit | slit |
201 | smell | smelt; smelled | smelt; smelled |
202 | smite | smote | smitten |
203 | sow | sowed | sown, sowed |
204 | speak | spoke | spoken |
205 | speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded |
206 | spell | spelt, spelled | spelt, spelled |
207 | spend | spent | spent |
208 | spill | spilt, spilled | spilt, spilled |
209 | spin | spun, span | spun |
210 | spit | spat, spit | spat, spit |
211 | spoil | spoilt, spoiled | spoilt, spoiled |
212 | spread | spread | spread |
213 | spring | sprang, sprung | sprung |
214 | stand | stood | stood |
215 | stave | staved, stove | staved, stove |
216 | steal | stole | stolen |
217 | stick | stuck | stuck |
218 | sting | stung | stung |
219 | stink | stank, stunk | stunk |
220 | strew | strewed | strewn, strewed |
221 | stride | strode | stridden, strid |
222 | strike | struck | struck, stricken |
223 | string | strung | strung |
224 | strive | strove | striven |
225 | swear | swore | sworn |
226 | sweep | swept | swept |
227 | swell | swelled | swollen, swelled |
228 | swim | swam | swum |
229 | swing | swung | swung |
230 | take | took | taken |
231 | teach | taught | taught |
232 | tear | tore | torn |
233 | tell | told | told |
234 | think | thought | thought |
235 | thrive | throve, thrived | thriven, thrived |
236 | throw | threw | thrown |
237 | thrust | thrust | thrust |
238 | tread | trod | trodden, trod |
239 | unbend | unbent | unbent |
240 | unbind | unbound | unbound |
241 | underbid | underbid | underbid, underbidden |
242 | undergo | underwent | undergone |
243 | understand | understood | understood |
244 | undertake | undertook | undertaken |
245 | undo | undid | undone |
246 | upset | upset | upset |
247 | wake | woke, waked | woken, waked |
248 | waylay | waylaid | waylaid |
249 | wear | wore | worn |
250 | weave | wove | woven |
251 | weep | wept | wept |
252 | win | won | won |
253 | wind | wound | wound |
254 | withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
255 | withhold | withheld | withheld |
256 | withstand | withstood | withstood |
257 | work | worked, wrought | worked, wrought |
258 | wring | wrung | wrung |
259 | write | wrote | written |
(1) The original form, past tense, and past participle are the same (type AAA):
cast / cost / cut / hit / hurt / let / put / broadcast / burst / read / red / set / shut / spread / thrust / upset
(2) The original form and the past tense are the same, but the past participles are different (AAB type):
beat / beat / beaten
(3) The original form and the past participle are the same, but the past tense is different (ABA type):
come / came / come become / became / become
run / ran / run overcome / overcame / overcome
(4) Different original forms, past tense, same past participle (ABB):
1. Add an auxiliary verb d or t after the original form of the verb to form the past tense or past participle.
2. Change the last consonant letter "d" of the verb original form to "t" to form the past tense or past participle.
3. Others [3]
feel / felt / felt sleep / slept / slept
leave / left / left smell / smelt / smelt
keep / kept / kept creep / crept / crept
kneel / knelt / knelt sweep / swept / swept
spell / spelt / spelt weep / wept / wept
catch / caught / caught fight / fought / fought
teach / taught / taught think / thought / thought
stand / stood / stood lay / laid / laid
understand / understood / understood pay / paid / paid
bleed / bled / bled say / said / said
feed / fed / fed stick / stuck / stuck
lead / led / led strike / struck / struck
meet / met / met tell / told / told
learn / learnt / learnt sell / sold / sold
learn / learned / learned win / won / won
burn / burnt / burnt wind / wound / wound
burn / burned / burned have (has) / had / had
deal / dealt / dealt hear / heard / heard
mean / meant / meant lean / leant / leant
dream / dreamt / dreamt lean / leaned / leaned
bend / bent / bent shine / shone / shone
build / built / built shoot / shot / shot
lend / lent / lent show / showed / shown,
spend / spent / spent show / showed // showed
flee / fled / fled sit / sat / sat
speed / sped / sped lose / lost / lost
speed / speeded / speeded dig / dug / dug
spit / spit / spit hold / held / held
spit / spat / spat get / got / got (AmE gotten)
bring / brought / brought find / found / found
light / lit / lit make / made / made
light / lighted / lighted buy / bought / bought
(5) The present tense, the past tense, and the past participle are all different (ABC type):
1. Add -n or -en to the past participle after the original form of the verb.
2. Past tense plus -n or -en constitute past participle.
3. The vowel letter "i" of the variable word in the accented syllable is respectively "a" (past tense) and "u" (past participle).
drive / drove / driven blow / blew / blown
rise / rose / risen fly / flew / flown
wake woke / woken grow / grew / grown
do / did / done know / knew / known
go / went / gone throw / threw / thrown
see / saw / seen prove / proved / proven
eat / ate / eaten break / broke / broken
fall / fell / fallen choose / chose / chosen
give / gave / given freeze / froze / frozen
shake / shook / shaken speak / spoke / spoken
take / took / taken steal / stole / stolen
mistake / mistook / mistaken weave / wove / woven
forbid / forbad / forbidden begin / began / begun
forget / forgot / forgotten drink / drank / drunk
ride / rode / ridden ring / rang / rung
hide / hid / hidden sing / sang / sung
write / wrote / written sink / sank / sunk
wear / wore / worn swim / swam / swum
(6) The same verb has different meanings because of its past tense and past participle:
There are two kinds of past tense and past participle:
sped / sped speeded / speeded
light past tense, there are two past participles:
lit / lit (predicative) lighted / lighted
There are two kinds of past tense and past participle:
shone / shone / shine shine / shined polish
There are two past tense and past participles:
hung / hung hanged / hanged
(7) Drunken, Stricken, and Sunken have been turned into adjectives
a sot in a manner staggered
(8) lie lay / lain / lying (present participle)
lie lies / lied / lying
lay put, laying eggs / laid / laying
(9) come, become, and overcome are irregular changes, but welcome is a regular verb. Its past tense and past participle are: welcome, welcome
(10) fly, blow is not a rule change, but flow (flow) is a rule change, past tense and past participle are flowed and flowed.
(11) find found found
found founded
wind wound wound
wounded wounded
see saw seen
sawed sawed
Bear is "born". There are two past participles: born, borne,
borne is used after have and in passive sentences with by;
born is used in be born in / on / at.
As "birth", it has a meaning other than bear / bore / borne endurance.
