What Is Evidence-Based Nursing?

Evidence-based nursing is a process in which nursing staff carefully, clearly, and wisely combines scientific research conclusions with clinical experience and patient wishes in the process of planning nursing activities to obtain evidence, which is used as the basis for clinical nursing decisions. It is also an essential part of evidence-based medicine and evidence-based health care.

Evidence-based nursing

(Academic term)

Evidence-based nursing emerged with the emergence and development of evidence-based medicine. In 1992, David Sackett of MeMaster University in Canada proposed the concept of evidence-based medicine and published his representative work (How to Practice and Teach Evldence Based Medicine). In the same year in the UK, the world's first Cochrane Centre was established. The Cochrane Collaboration Network was formally established in 1993. Influenced and inspired by the thought of evidence-based medicine, evidence-based nursing has quietly risen and developed rapidly, especially in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. The concept of following evidence has been accepted by many nurses, and evidence-based nursing research has been successively carried out. Nursing practices are constantly being tried. In 1996, the University of York in the UK established the world's first evidence-based care centre (NHSCRD). In 1998, the UK founded Evidence-based Nursing. In China, the West China Hospital of Sichuan University first began to provide evidence-based practice training for nursing staff in 1999, and applied evidence-based nursing methods to clinical practice. The School of Nursing of Fudan University established the first evidence-based nursing center in China in November 2004. It is committed to promoting evidence-based nursing practice, transforming evidence, disseminating evidence, applying evidence, translating and disseminating the "Clinical Guidelines for Best Nursing Practice" to Promote the development of clinical nursing practice in China.

Evidence-based nursing is based on the evidence of valuable and credible scientific research. Ask questions, find evidence, and use evidence to implement the best care for your patients. It contains 3 elements:

(1) The most suitable nursing research basis available;

(2) Personal skills and clinical experience of nursing staff;

(3) The patient's actual situation, values and wishes.

These three elements must be organically combined to establish the concept of guiding practice with research and driving practice with research, so that nursing science can progress. At the same time, the accumulated experience of professional nursing staff is also an indispensable wealth of nursing practice.

In Cihai, the term "positive" is defined as evidence, facts, or beliefs that can prove or disprove a conclusion. Evidence must therefore be detectable and agreeable. Empirical evidence must first be a phenomenon that can be understood by the public, and it must also be a fact or principle that gains public acceptance and acceptance. In "empirical-based practice," empirical refers to scientific research results,

The Center for Advanced Nursing Pracitce was established in 1995 to improve the practical professionalism of nursing staff. The evidence-based care model includes four consecutive processes: Evidence triggered, Evidence supported, Evidence observed, and Evidence based. From the perspective of long-term development of nursing, evidence-based

The development of evidence-based nursing mainly includes 5 specific steps:

1. The concept of evidence-based nursing needs to be reflected and recognized. The University of Potsmos, Scotland, Rolffe holds different views on it. It believes that the current evidence-based nursing lacks a broad and nursing perspective definition. It seems that evidence-based nursing will be a randomized controlled trial As the gold standard, there is a tendency to become too attached, and the basic concepts of empirical evidence should be reflected. The so-called "empirical evidence" should be used to understand and judge after the occurrence of an event, and should not play a decisive role in planning ahead. The best evidence to evaluate empirical evidence should also include price cost factors.

Nursing practice is characterized by great variability, and nurses often lack reliable evidence to make clinical decisions. For example, which disinfection method to choose, when is the best time to collect specimens, and how can the patient's

In a general sense, "empirical-based nursing" cannot be equated with "scientific-based nursing." First, the extension of "empirical-based nursing" is broader than "scientific-based nursing." The empirical evidence provided by the former is a combination of scientific research results, expert experience, and patient opinions, while scientific-based nursing emphasizes the application of scientific research results; second, the former is more systematic than the latter, "empirical-based nursing" It is based on a systematic literature review of a particular topic, which is completed by the collaboration of a thematic group. The literature review is a systematic, comprehensive, and objective evaluation of relevant scientific research. Third, "empirical-based nursing" addresses the entire process of nursing practice. It has continuity and dynamics, and pays attention to the evaluation of terminal quality. Finally, "empirical-based nursing" can relatively save health resources and funds, has strong practicability, and has first-class and second-class empirical evidence for a certain item. For special topics, it is possible to directly organize and evaluate the results without repetitive scientific research, and promote them to practice. It can be seen that although "empirical-based nursing" and "research-based nursing" are both based on scientific research, the two are different concepts and cannot be confused.

"Nursing Standard" magazine has organized the first center to promote "empirical-based nursing" since 1996. Headquartered at York University, the center organizes a systematic review of thematic literature on nursing-related practical activities and publishes it. result. The Joanna Briggs Empirical-based Nursing Centre in Australia is currently the world's largest institution promoting Evidence-based Nursing. Since 1997, the Centre has carried out a series of special events, including organizing a systematic literature review of the topic and holding short-term Lectures, trainings and seminars, conducting related research based on systematic review of literature, funding training in "empirical based nursing" practice activities, editing and publishing "Best Practice: Evidence Based practice Information Sheets" Clinical nursing practice provides evidence and so on to advocate the role of evidence in nursing practice. Among them are "assessment and prevention of risk factors for pressure ulcers", "treatment of tissue damage caused by pressure ulcers", "management and infection control of peripheral vascular intubation devices", "prevention and management of falls and fall in hospitals", "cancer chemotherapy Prevention and management of oral ulcers in patients, "" Psychological and social interventions for patients with coronary heart disease "," Preoperative education for surgical patients "," Non-drug interventions for acute pain "and other topics, organized through thematic groups around the world for a period of time The systematic review of the literature for at least half a year, summarizes the empirical evidence according to the model of Cochrance Collaboration, and conducts corresponding research and releases special publications, which have considerable clinical guidance significance. [Collection of Medical Education Network]

China has rich experience in nursing practice activities. Traditional Chinese medicine nursing is a treasure of our country. We carry out "empirical-based nursing", and scientifically organize and systematically apply these valuable experiences to improve the science and effectiveness of clinical practice. It is of great significance to improve the academic level of nursing and the quality of clinical nursing in China.

In summary, "empirical-based nursing" can improve the science of nursing practice, promote the development of nursing theory, and guide nursing practice. Carrying out "empirical-based nursing" should be a systematic process, which requires a certain academic foundation, a cooperative atmosphere, and a collaborative network. It also requires a wealth of data sources and a process of practice verification. Therefore, "empirical-based nursing" has a positive role in establishing the science of nursing disciplines and improving the effectiveness of nursing services ^[1] .