What Is Gastropathy?

Stomach disease is a collective term for many stomach-related diseases. They have similar symptoms, such as upper abdominal discomfort, pain, fullness after a meal, belching, acid return, and even nausea and vomiting. Clinically common gastric diseases include acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastroduodenal ulcer, gastric polyps, gastric stones, benign and malignant tumors of the stomach, and gastric mucosal prolapse, acute Gastric dilatation, pyloric obstruction, etc.

Basic Information

English name

gastropathy

Visiting department

Gastroenterology

Multiple groups

40-50 years old male

Common causes

Genetic, environmental, diet, drug, bacterial infections, etc. can cause

Common symptoms

Upper abdominal discomfort or pain, acid reflux, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite

Clinical manifestations of gastric disease

The most common are abdominal discomfort or pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Symptoms of gastritis and duodenal ulcer are upper abdominal burning pain, especially between meals, before breakfast or after drinking orange juice and coffee. Severe cases may have tar, black or bloody stools.

Acute simple gastritis

Mainly caused by chemical substances, such as strong tea, coffee, spirits, condiments and other irritating substances, or taking salicylates, sulfa drugs, anticancer drugs, antibiotics, reserpine, adrenal steroids and other drug damage Caused by gastric mucosa; physical factors such as eating cold, hot, or rough foods that cause damage to the gastric mucosa; and microbial infections or bacterial toxins. Acute corrosive gastritis is mostly caused by suicide or by accidentally taking corrosive agents such as strong acids and alkalis.

2. Acute erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis

It usually occurs in stress states caused by surgery, burns, shock, trauma, multiple organ failure, etc., and caused by drinking or taking non-steroidal drugs, accounting for about 20% of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

3. Acute suppurative gastritis

It is mainly purulent disease caused by bacteria such as streptococcus, staphylococcus and E. coli infection of the stomach wall, also known as cellulitis inflammatory gastritis. Acute gastritis is a reversible disease that can be restored to normal by treatment. With proper treatment, many patients with acute gastritis can get an effective and complete recovery, which is characterized by coming quickly and going fast. However, if the treatment is not timely or thorough and the diet is improper, the disease will persist for a long time, and it will turn into chronic gastritis.

4. Chronic gastritis

Chronic gastritis refers to chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa caused by various reasons. Is one of the most common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases. It is characterized by a higher incidence of men than women, and the incidence rate increases with age. The essence of chronic gastritis is that after repeated damage to the gastric mucosa epithelium, due to the specific regenerative capacity of the mucosa, the mucosa is remodeled, and eventually the irreversible atrophy of the inherent gastric glands shrinks or even disappears.

(1) The cause of chronic gastritis is now generally considered to be a chronic persistent infection of pathogenic bacteria, especially Hp (Helicobacter pylori); or it is transformed from acute gastritis; like acute gastritis, overheating, overcooling, and overly rough food, etc. Physical factors are also one of its causes; in addition, chemical factors such as strong tea, coffee, spirits, condiments, etc .; long-term use of large amounts of non-steroidal drugs (such as aspirin, indomethacin, etc.) can inhibit gastric prostaglandins Caused by the destruction of the mucosal barrier; the nicotine in tobacco during smoking not only affects the blood circulation of the gastric mucosa, but also causes dysfunction of the pyloric sphincter, causing bile reflux, and various bile reflux can destroy the mucosal barrier and cause chronic The occurrence of gastritis; In addition, immune factors are also the cause of chronic gastritis.

(2) Classification of chronic gastritis There are mainly chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis, both of which sometimes coexist. Chronic superficial gastritis includes simple type, erosive type and bleeding type. It can be divided into two types according to the common incidence site: type A, rare, lesions occur in the gastric body and the bottom of the stomach, mostly caused by autoimmune reactions, type B is more common, the lesions are mainly in the gastric antrum, about 90% of patients Caused by Hp infection. Type B cases are more common in China.

5. Non-ulcerative dyspepsia

Non-ulcerative dyspepsia is a functional gastrointestinal disease, and a small part of it is a mild organic disease. In the past, many doctors diagnosed the disease as chronic gastritis, gastrointestinal dysfunction, autonomic dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, and gastric function. Indigestion, stomach cramps, etc. According to the latest epidemiological authority survey, the incidence of this disease in the population is as high as 10%, which is also a common and frequently-occurring disease of the stomach. Patients may have intermittent or persistent upper abdominal pain or occasional severe pain and discomfort, nausea, vomiting, acid reflux, heartburn and other upper gastrointestinal symptoms, but clinical examinations such as gastroscopy, upper gastrointestinal barium angiography, and hepatobiliary and pancreatic ultrasound Etc. It is not found that the stomach and other organs have organic or mild lesions that cause these symptoms. In other words, there are more subjective symptoms of the stomach, but there are few or no positive findings of objective tests. The etiology should be related to gastric motor dysfunction, mild gastroduodenal inflammation, and mental factors.

Gastric related examinations

1. Barium meal inspection

The patient takes the contrast agent. After a period of time, the contrast agent moves through the digestive tract and fills the entire digestive tract. Using X-ray examination, you can understand the morphological characteristics of each organ of the digestive tract. Preparation before examination: fasting examination. Advantages and disadvantages: Slight discomfort, you can understand the signs of various organs in the digestive tract in detail.

Gastroscopy

The fibrous tube extends directly from the mouth into the stomach. The probe can directly photograph the surface of the stomach, and you can learn more about congestion, edema, erosion, and ulcers. Preparation before examination: fasting examination. Advantages and disadvantages: This is the most accurate type of inspection at present. There will be slight discomfort during the inspection.

3. Capsule endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy does not require special preparation or intubation during the examination, and only takes one pill. Life and work are not affected, without any pain and toxic side effects, and various lesions in the entire gastrointestinal tract can be clearly observed. As capsule endoscopy is gradually put into clinical use, gastrointestinal patients will no longer endure the pain of intubation during traditional examinations.

4. Painless gastroscopy

Painless gastroscopy is an instrument and method that uses the principle of ultrasound to diagnose and detect diseases of the digestive system. In particular, the use of instant gastrointestinal ultrasound aids, without intubation, no damage, no pain, can quickly check a variety of acute, chronic, superficial, atrophic gastritis, gastroduodenal rupture soup, gastric prolapse , Acute and chronic colitis, various tumors, inflammation, polyps and other lesions, to provide scientific diagnosis for clinical treatment. Because it is not intubated or in contact with patients, it reduces cross-infection of infectious diseases and expands the scope of examination. diagnosis. Painless gastroscopy can take the diseased tissue for pathological cell examination to clarify the nature of the disease, which can be used to diagnose various chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer.

Gastric Treatment

1. Matters needing attention

First, regularize your diet. Second, pay attention to diet hygiene. Again, eat less drugs that are irritating to the stomach. The fourth is to stay mentally happy.

2. Drug treatment

(1) Remove the cause, rest in bed, and stop all diets and drugs that have an irritating effect on the stomach. If appropriate, fast for a short period of time, and then give a digestible, light, slag-free liquid diet, which is beneficial to the rest of the stomach and the healing of the injury.

(2) Encourage drinking water. Due to excessive water loss due to vomiting and diarrhea, patients should drink as much water as possible to replenish lost water. It is better to use salted sugar (boiled water with a small amount of sugar and salt). Do not drink sugary beverages, so as to avoid excessive acid production and increase abdominal pain. Patients with frequent vomiting can drink a small amount of water (about 50 ml) after one vomiting and drink it multiple times to prevent vomiting.

(3) Pain relief. It can be applied with belladonna tablets, atropine, 654-2 (anisodamine) and other drugs. It can also be used as a local hot compress for abdominal pain (not for those with gastric bleeding).

(4) For those with diarrhea and fever, antibiotics such as Berberine and Haloperic acid can be appropriately applied. Those who are less ill are generally not used, so as not to aggravate the stomach.

(5) Severe vomiting and diarrhea, obvious dehydration, should be promptly sent to the hospital for intravenous infusion treatment, usually quickly recovered within 1-2 days.

Gastric disease prevention

1. Moderate drinking, do not overeating, use with caution or do not use drugs that easily damage the gastric mucosa. Acute simple gastritis should be treated in time to prevent recurrence, so as not to turn into chronic gastritis, and it will not be delayed.

2. Traditional exercise. Ba Duan Jinzhong's "Spleen and Stomach Conditioning" must be singled out and Wu Xiu Xiong's "Bear Show" and beautification exercises can be practiced more often, which has a certain effect on enhancing the function of the spleen and stomach.

3. Keep a good mood.