What is the profiling of gene expression?
profiling of gene expression is a way of measuring the levels of thousands of genes at the same time. Identification of gene expression formulas in the body is the next step after the genome of the organism has been seized. Experiments of gene expression profiling are usually performed throughout the body genome at once. Measuring the levels of gene expression in the body provides a picture of how the cells of the organism work during the cell cycle or in response to specific stimuli. When the gene is turned on, it is rewritten to Messenger RNA, which provides instructions for the production of protein that is coded by the gene. When genes are turned on, they are said to be expressed. When the gene is turned off, it is not rewritten to MRNA and is not expressed.
DNA and unicellular organism contains thousands of genes, but only the fractions of these genes turn on at any time. The formula of gene expression in the cell at some time is referred to as its gene profile. Looking at the types of genes on the cell can provide a large amount of significant information about cells and organisms.
In the experiment for profiling of gene expression, Microarray DNA technology is used to obtain a relative activity of previously sequential genes. These experiments usually include MRNA measurement in the control environment and in the experimental environment to determine the effects of one or more variables on the expression of the gene. The use of control is important because it sets basic MRNA levels for normal cellular conditions.
The view of how MRNA levels turn into response to stimuli show how the cellular needs of proteins turn into new environmental conditions. This information is useful, but can also be important in medicine. For example, if breast cancer cells are used in DNA micro -analysis, the profile can show that there is a certain type of receptor in cancer cells, which is usually inactive. If the receptor turns out to be specific to cancer, it can show upZAT as an effective target of the drug.
In fact, the profiling of gene expression was used as a prognostic measure for breast cancer. This is useful because women at the same stage of the disease can respond very differently to treatment and have very different forecasts. The use of DNA microanalysis to create gene expression profiles has shown at least one study that a certain profile of gene expression in breast cancer cells correlates with poor prognosis. This application technology of gene expression profiling helps to identify women who can benefit from more aggressive treatment.