What Is Menstrual Spotting?

Formation of pigmented spots 1. External factors: irritation of the epidermis (such as improper whitening therapy, inferior cosmetics, etc.), ultraviolet radiation, massage, acne retention, etc.

Pigment spots

Pigmented spots are uneven distribution of melanin particles in the skin, causing localized spots and patches to appear darker than normal skin tone. Excessive sun exposure, endocrine disorders, chronic liver and gastrointestinal diseases, and improper use of cosmetics may all be the cause of pigmented spots. Non-surgical and surgical methods can be used for treatment.

Causes of Pigmented Pigments

Formation of pigmented spots 1. External factors: irritation of the epidermis (such as improper whitening therapy, inferior cosmetics, etc.), ultraviolet radiation, massage, acne retention, etc.

The formation of pigmented spots Second, internal factors of the body: imbalance of hormone secretion, taking drugs (such as contraceptives, etc.), pregnancy, mental stress and so on.

1. Bad living habits. Another cause of pigmented spots is bad lifestyle habits, such as stress, picky eaters, and lack of sleep. Therefore, people with unstable sleep time have poor skin metabolism, which directly affects the production of melanin.

2. Endocrine disorders. Melanin production is affected by changes in the body's sex hormone levels during menstruation and pregnancy. In addition, when the endocrine is unstable, it usually causes emotional instability and also indirectly causes pigmentation (the formation of melasma in Chinese medicine is mainly due to liver stasis, which is more complicated).

3. Strong ultraviolet radiation. Do you know why women need sun protection? This is because ultraviolet radiation in the sun is an important reason for pigmentation. When the skin is exposed to too much sunlight, the epidermis will produce more melanin particles, which can absorb ultraviolet rays and protect the human body from harm. This is why everyone's skin becomes dark after sun exposure. In addition, ultraviolet radiation will cause melasma, and the color of ordinary freckles will deepen.

4. Autosomal inheritance. Symptoms usually start in children around 5 years old, mostly women, with heavy spring and summer and light autumn and winter. Spots ranging from light brown to tan pinpoint to rice grain size, etc., cause the formation of pigmented spots.

Classification of pigmented spots

Pigmented melanin spots

1. Melanin spots: Ota moles, melanin moles, various traumatic tattoos, bad eyebrows, eyelines, etc. Melanin spots respond well to laser treatment.

Pigmented spots

2. Brown pigment spots: There are many kinds of freckles, sunburn spots, chloasma, freckles-like nevus, age spots, coffee-like spots, drug-induced pigment spots and so on. Brown spots are good for laser treatment, such as freckles, but most of them are not good for laser treatment, especially chloasma. The cause is related to endocrine disorders, mental stress, insomnia, etc. It is not sensitive to laser treatment and has a poor effect. It is easy to rebound and becomes a tricky problem for facial pigmentation treatment.

Pigmented pigmented nevus overview

[Overview]

Pigmented nevus is also referred to as pigmented nevus, spotted nevus, or mole. It is the most common benign skin tumor composed of nevus cells that normally contain pigment, and is occasionally found on the surface of the mucosa. There are many types of clinical manifestations. The color is mostly dark brown or dark black, and there are colorless moles without color. Such as intradermal moles, junction moles, mixed moles, etc., as well as giant moles, blue moles, juvenile melanoma and so on. Some types can undergo malignant changes under certain conditions and are worthy of attention. Pigmented nevus occurs in the face, neck, and back, and can be seen in any normal human body. It can be present at birth or gradually appear early in life. Most growth has been slow or has not changed for many years, but rarely spontaneous regression. Both surgical and non-surgical treatments are available. Good effect.

[Symptoms]

1. Moles are mostly dark brown or black in color, and some are colorless. 2. Smooth or raised, may have hair. 3. Most of the area is small; a wide range is also seen. 4. In addition to the skin, mucous membranes can also occur.

[Diagnose based on]

1. The location, size, color, and shape of the mole, with or without hair, hyperplasia, or ulcers on the surface. 2. Pay attention to the time of onset, the speed of development, and the condition. 3. Pathological examinations were performed to distinguish intradermal nevus, junctional nevus, mixed nevus and verrucous nevus.

[Treatment principles]

1. Non-surgical therapy: limited to small, superficial, clearly diagnosed pigmented nevus. Methods include freezing, electrocautery, and chemical decay. 2. Surgical treatment: the principle of complete resection. However, if it is a giant nevus or a multiple scattered pigment nevus, it can only be selectively removed. Direct suture in a small area, large skin graft.

[Effectiveness evaluation]

1. Cure: The treatment achieves the desired effect, the wound heals, and the shape is better. 2. Improvement: The treatment basically achieved the expected results, and the wound healed well. 3. Unhealed: The expected effect is not achieved, and the wound healing is poor. ^[1]

Prevention of pigmented spots

1. Pay attention to menstruation: We must pay attention to our menstrual problems, and do a good job of regulating menstruation, which is very important. If you have a menstrual problem, you should rush to cure it. Regardless of whether the menstruation is early or late, or how much, it must be treated. You must have a good cycle, the amount of menstruation is appropriate, and there is no dysmenorrhea. This is the most important thing for female netizens to protect the kidneys. It depends on whether you are normal or not. If it is abnormal, you must seek a doctor. Don't think this is a trivial issue. Special attention should be paid to particularly small menstrual flow, especially to more menstrual flow.

2. Pay attention to internal supplements: pay attention to nourishing yin and kidneys, relieving liver and qi, neutralizing qi and blood, you can choose Yangyan oral solution, and take vitamin C at the same time; you should eat more foods that are good for sunburn prevention, such as tomatoes and oranges. , Mandarin and apple.

3, pay attention to choose cosmetics: Do not choose cosmetics that are rich in mercury and heavy metals, these cosmetics are easy to leave spots on the skin.

Treatment of pigmented spots

Treatment of pigmented spots

First of all, it is necessary to find out exactly the diagnosis, or the treatment ability, conditions and operator of the enlarged resection. The methods are mainly two categories: non-surgical and surgical methods:

There are several non-surgical methods to treat pigmented spots:

Cryotherapy to treat pigmented spots: The liquid nitrogen method is most commonly used for freezing. It uses the characteristics of non-flammable, non-explosive, and low boiling point of liquid nitrogen (-196 ° C will boil). After a short time (about 30-60 seconds), the diseased tissue is frozen, and it will be thawed within a few minutes, and the frozen tissue will swell. And pain, blisters appear in 1 to 2 days, blisters dry up and scab in 1 to 2 weeks, and exfoliation in 3 to 3 weeks. Tumors are usually available once. Healing tumors that are large and thick require multiple freezes to cure.

Electrocautery or electro-drying method to treat pigmented spots: Currently, Rhodo is used in the beauty industry. Electrocautery is mainly based on the principle of electroheating, that is, electrothermal high temperature burns, coagulates and carbonizes the diseased tissue to remove the diseased tissue. The electric drying method uses high-frequency currents to generate sparks with adjustable intensity at the instant of contacting the diseased tissue, which quickly destroys the diseased tissue, removes it by drying, coagulation and carbonization, thereby achieving the goal of mole removal.

50% trinitrocarbonic acid solution is also a kind of smear burning therapy for the treatment of pigmented spots.

Experts tell how to treat pigmented spots

Surgical treatment of pigmented plaques: mainly through surgery, complete, partial or complete removal of the diseased tissue. Small moles can be resected directly and sutured directly. When sutures cannot be directly sutured, benign moles are treated by partial resection of the central mole. Complete and complete resection. According to the location and size of the diseased mole, a local flap is transferred after the resection. A flap or skin graft method covers the wound.

Treatment of pigmented spots

Chemical exfoliation method (chemical cauterization method): It uses a weakly acidic mixture (50% carbolic acid and an equal volume of 35% trichloroacetic acid) to apply thinly and evenly to the affected area. Generally, the affected area's skin becomes white within 10 seconds, and then becomes It is dark, forming scabbard and dry. About 10 days, the subcutaneous skin healed and the skin peeled off, forming a new and tender skin. It uses mixed acid to burn only on the skin epidermis and superficial dermis, so it will not be too deep, so it will not cause hypertrophic scars like concentrated sulfuric acid burns. Large areas need to be carried out several times to avoid side effects caused by too much acid entering the body.

Mechanical grinding to treat pigmented spots on the face: The superficial skin where pigments are located is removed by a high-speed rotating grinding wheel. The gauze with traditional Chinese medicine is covered to protect the wound after surgery, and heals in about 10 days.

Cryotherapy for the treatment of facial pigmented spots: spray colorless, odorless and transparent liquid nitrogen to the pigmented spots, and the liquid nitrogen evaporates at room temperature to take away a lot of heat. The local temperature of the pigmented spots quickly decreases, and the superficial skin tissue freezes to death, and the skin becomes discolored After whitening, it turns black, and undergoes the same subcutaneous healing process as chemical cauterization. The number of treatments is determined according to the depth of freckles, usually 5 to 7 times, and no pain occurs during treatment.

Laser treatment of pigmented spots on the face: The laser instrument produces a high-intensity beam, and different types of lasers produce different colors of light. The pigmentation is removed and the spots are removed. Because the laser of a certain wavelength is absorbed only by the pigment of the corresponding color. Only the diseased cells absorb a specific laser, and normal skin tissue is not damaged, so no scars are left. During the operation, the subject will feel like acupuncture without the need for anesthetic drugs. The time when using laser for treatment is relatively short, at most about ten minutes. After each treatment, the skin must be subjected to a metabolic process. For this reason, the interval between laser depigmentation treatments is mostly 3 months. Treatment can be viewed based on the size, number, and depth of pigmented and vascular lesions.

The key to treating pigmented spots in the face

1. Pay attention to the cause of treatment

Among the pigmented people, 30% can not find a clear cause, and most of them are stubborn cases with a long course of disease, a large area of pigmentation, and a wide distribution, which are ineffective or recurrent after multiple treatments. It is difficult to obtain only by facial freckle treatment. Significant effect. Therefore, treating the cause is the key to treating pigmented spots.

2. Early treatment is best for pigmented spots

Pure effects such as sunburn and dryness can be effective. After 3 months of treatment, the effect is significant, and most of them can be cured in half a year.

3.Small area, dark pigmented spots, treatment of pigmented spots

Senile plaques and freckles are caused by aging and heredity. The best way is to use their local characteristics to perform physical cauterization and perform batch division. The key is to prevent the onset of pigmentation after exfoliation.

4. Strictly control the effect of skin peeling treatment

Aiming at the fundamental problem of excessive peeling of the epidermis, we should start by restoring the normal thickness of the epidermis before solving other problems. The problem in reality is that many patients cannot accept a large area of pigment rebound and always rely on skin resurfacing products. Long-term use cannot be interrupted, resulting in increasingly serious skin damage. Before treatment, you should fully explain the problems that may occur after the skin renewal product is stopped, and make psychological preparations to prevent the treatment from being abandoned halfway.

5. Attach importance to sun protection in prevention and treatment

Ultraviolet light is the main reason for the repeated treatment of pigmented spots, which is difficult to cure. Therefore, sun protection is an important measure to prevent pigmentation.

Pigmentation matters needing attention

Precautions before treatment of pigmented spots

1 Pay attention to the cause of the onset of pigmented spots. Taking melasma as an example, even if they are diagnosed as melasma, the etiology may be various, some are related to oral contraceptives, and some are related to irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. And so on, some have ovarian cysts or uterine fibroids, and some have chronic hepatitis. For thorough treatment, you must find the true cause, so that you can achieve the purpose of treating pigmented plaques. If the cause of the disease is not clear, treat it. Either the treatment is not good, or it will be relapsed. The purpose of radical cure.

2 To understand the nature or type of disease, take melasma as an example. It has the common type and the second type (also known as the brunet type). These two types behave completely differently and have different properties. The former skin lesions are patchy, and the treatment of pigmented spots from light brown to dark black is distributed in the forehead, cheeks, upper lip and forehead. The latter is mainly distributed in the two condyles. The skin lesions are spot-shaped and vary in size. They are usually light blue or dark brown with deep pigmentation. Furthermore, even if it is a common type of melasma, it can be divided into superficial type, intermediate type, and deep type according to the depth of its pigment location. This classification is helpful for treatment methods and prognosis estimation.

3 Before the treatment of pigmented plaques, it is necessary to understand the general condition of the patient and whether there are other symptoms. According to the treatment of syndrome differentiation according to Chinese medicine, if you do not understand the condition of the treatment target, it may be difficult to do so. Even Western medicine, understand the condition, and choose the combination of drugs in order to achieve better results is also absolutely necessary.

4 To make a clear diagnosis, if nothing is clear, then it is impossible to talk about scientific prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to determine what causes pigmentation spots before treatment. Such as melasma, the diagnosis must be confirmed first, and then treatment can be considered. If the diagnosis is wrong, it is impossible to treat pigmented spots.

5 Carefully observe the treatment response in the treatment of pigmented spots. Everyone's situation is different, some are well tolerated, but others are very sensitive, no matter what medicine may react. Causes contact dermatitis or allergic dermatitis, and some even have systemic reactions. Although there are no adverse reactions, the treatment effect of pigmented spots is not ideal. All these must be judged in time and specific measures suitable for each person must be taken. Don't wait for things to get messy before thinking about remedies or pushing things forward. Many disfigurement events, especially those for skin rejuvenation treatments, hope to cure pigmented spots in the short term. In the end, it will cause disfigurement or skin allergies. In the treatment of pigmented plaques, it is not allowed to purchase medicines or to seek medical treatment at will, and must ask a specialist to find out the cause, identify and treat the symptoms, and choose a treatment method and medicine under the guidance of a doctor.

6 According to the actual condition of the disease, choose the appropriate treatment method and drug. If the diagnosis is correct, the treatment method and the selected drug are correct, it should be cured to the disease, which will certainly be recognized by the patient.

Precautions after pigmentation spot treatment

1. Keep the spot of laser depigmentation spot clean to avoid infection and friction.

2. Laser treatment for pigmented spots needs to fall off by itself. Do not peel off by hand, otherwise the pigmentation is severe and scars are easy to be left.

3. After the scalp peels off, there may be transient pigmentation locally. In order to prevent or reduce this situation, sunscreen and freckle products can be reasonably applied.

4. Pigmented patients and operators need to protect their eyes during laser depigmented spot treatment. Antibacterial ointment is applied to the wound after laser depigmented spot treatment, and the inflammation subsides within 4-6 days.

5. Pay attention to sun protection. Sunlight will accelerate the melanin deposition, so it is necessary to take sun care.

Pigmented spots

It is not surprising that every newborn baby may have pigmented spots on the baby. Most of them do not require any treatment, but if they grow on a prominent part of the face or other exposed parts, they are small granular spots and moles It has attracted the attention of parents, or my own psychological worry, because the baby's pigmentation at this time has caused an aesthetic problem. If there are large or large baby pigmentation spots, it is inevitable to seek medical treatment. What is baby pigmentation?

Babies' pigmented plaques are composed of melanin-containing nevus cells, which are common on the skin surface. They are benign tumors with different shapes and sizes. Very few baby pigmented plaques will become malignant and become malignant melanoma. . Despite this, we should be very vigilant about baby pigmented spots.

Most babies have slow growth of pigmented spots, or no change for many years, but rarely disappear automatically once they exist. When a child, especially a baby with a large area (more than half a centimeter) of pigmentation is found on the face, it will attract the attention of parents and seek medical advice.

It is important to note that once a child has a baby pigmentation spot, be alert to malignant melanoma. Melanoma refers to a baby's pigmentation spot with malignant changes, but not all melanomas must come from the baby's pigmentation spot. It may also happen naturally in the future.

Method for identifying pigment spots

Everyone has melanin, which is actually a protein. If the exposure time is too long and the amount of exposure is too large to be eliminated from the skin in time, these excessive melanin will precipitate in the skin, and the uniform precipitation will make the skin appear dark, and uneven pigmentation will form. Dark spots. In addition to congenital genetic factors, most of the dark spots caused by the dark spots are caused by ultraviolet radiation or physical health deterioration. In general, the skin metabolism cycle is 28 days. The normal phenomenon is that melanin will gradually advance to the skin surface with metabolism, and eventually peel off with the horny layer. However, if the metabolic rate cannot keep up with the pigment deposition rate, dark spots will accumulate. ^[2] A large part of the congenital pigmented spots are birthmarks. Most of them have black or blue-black large patches on the face or body, which are called Ota's mother spot or Ito's mother spot, and another part occurs in The pigmentation syndrome (sacral maternal plaque) on the face of the East, although it is also congenital, it is not born, it will gradually emerge after about 20 to 40 years of age, and it will be affected by pregnancy or Hormonal disorders such as internal factors such as hormonal imbalances or external factors such as sunlight can deepen the color. Other congenital ones include coffee spots, freckles and various moles. Acquired pigmented spots can be further divided into internal and external factors. It is a brown sunburn, dark spot, or old man's spot caused by physical changes, skin aging, and ultraviolet rays.The external cause is the dark brown that is left after general tattoos, eyebrows, eyeliners, pencil punctures, or cuticles. Macularity, and pigmentation caused by improper use of cosmetics.

Causes of pigmented spots

1. It is related to heredity. Some pigmented skin diseases of parents may be passed on to the next generation.

2. Endocrine disorders cause pigmentation.

3. Irregular living habits and prolonged mental stress can easily cause skin pigmentation.

4. Scars from trauma and acne can also leave pigmentation.