What Is Myolysis?

In the process of starvation, due to the drastic changes in biochemical metabolism, the human body will inevitably produce body fat consumption and muscle breakdown leading to weight loss and fatigue. The physiologically necessary thermal energy mainly comes from the decomposition of fat (more than 80%) and protein, and the ketone body in the blood rises , Ketones and acidosis may occur.

Muscle breakdown

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The metabolic characteristics of hunger during hormone regulation such as decreased insulin and increased glucagon are:

The muscle breaks down and most of the amino acids released are converted into alanine and glutamine.

The gluconeogenesis is strengthened. Alanine is regulated by glucagon in the liver and significantly accelerates gluconeogenesis. The glutamine formed by the muscle is taken up by the intestinal mucosa, converted into alanine, and entered the liver through the portal vein, which is another source of gluconeogenesis. It can be seen that gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver during starvation (approximately 80% of gluconeogenesis and the remaining 20% in the renal cortex).

Fatty decomposition is accelerated, and the content of glycerol and fatty acids in plasma rises. As a result, gluconeogenesis is still strengthened. Because glycerol can directly generate sugar, fatty acids can provide energy for gluconeogenesis, and can also produce acetyl-CoA to promote the gluconeogenesis of amino acids, pyruvate, lactic acid and the like. About a quarter of the fatty acids broken down by the fat are converted to ketones in the liver, so plasma ketones can increase hundreds of times when starved. Fatty acids and ketone bodies become energy sources for the heart muscle, kidney cortex and skeletal muscle, and some ketone bodies can also be used by the brain.

The decrease in tissue utilization of glucose is due to tissue oxidation and the use of fatty acids and ketone bodies to strengthen. The physiological significance is to reduce the limited source of glucose and glucose, and to switch to the use of fat store fats, because the fat stored in the human body is calculated based on the equivalent heat price. More than glycogen reserves. It can be seen that when hunger is strengthened, the use of glucose is reduced, which is conducive to maintaining blood sugar levels, which is extremely beneficial to maintaining the function of the brain and central nervous system. It is worth noting that because the myocardium is highly adaptable to the use of nutrients, the myocardium switches to the use of ketones with high blood concentrations in a timely manner during starvation, thereby effectively performing its own physiological protection. In the process of starvation, due to the drastic changes in biochemical metabolism, the human body will inevitably produce body fat consumption and muscle breakdown leading to weight loss and fatigue. The physiologically necessary thermal energy mainly comes from the decomposition of fat (more than 80%) and protein, and the ketone body in the blood rises Ketosis and acidosis may occur.