What Is Nasal Mucous?

There can be no discomfort at an early stage, and the mucus cysts gradually increase in the future, which can cause headaches by compressing the cyst wall. If it protrudes into the orbit, the eyeball can be displaced, and there are symptoms such as diplopia, tearing, and visual impairment. Cysts occur when the eye of the ethmoid sinus is displaced outward, and when the eye of the frontal sinus is displaced outward. Symptoms of the sphenoid sinus cyst are complicated, which can cause eyeballs to protrude, and cause blindness due to compression of the orbital apex. If the cyst develops and oppresses the pituitary gland, it can cause endocrine disorders such as amenorrhea, hyposexuality, and diabetes insipidus; if the internal carotid artery is compressed, the artery can also cause thrombosis. If the sphenoid sinus mucus cyst naturally ruptures the anterior wall and the mucus is discharged into the nasal cavity (spontaneous intermittent clear nose), the above symptoms can be temporarily relieved, which is of important diagnostic significance. In addition to the local symptoms described above, abscess cysts can also develop symptoms such as high fever and general discomfort.

Sinus mucous cyst

Sinus cyst refers to a cystic mass that originates in the sinuses or originates from the teeth or roots and develops into the maxillary sinuses. Sinus mucus cysts are the most common in sinus cysts. It is more common in the ethmoid sinus, followed by the frontal sinus, and the maxillary sinus is rare. It is rare in the sphenoid sinus. The disease is more common in young and middle-aged people, and children under the age of 10 do not suffer from it. The disease is mostly unilateral. An enlarged cyst can affect other sinuses. Cysts can develop from secondary infections to abscesses and are extremely dangerous.

Sinus mucus cyst symptoms and signs

There can be no discomfort at an early stage, and the mucus cysts gradually increase in the future, which can cause headaches by compressing the cyst wall. If it protrudes into the orbit, the eyeball can be displaced, and there are symptoms such as diplopia, tearing, and visual impairment. Cysts occur when the eye of the ethmoid sinus is displaced outward, and when the eye of the frontal sinus is displaced outward. Symptoms of the sphenoid sinus cyst are complicated, which can cause eyeballs to protrude, and cause blindness due to compression of the orbital apex, ophthalmoplegia, eye sensation disturbance and pain, which are called orbital apex syndrome. If the cyst develops and oppresses the pituitary gland, it can cause endocrine disorders such as amenorrhea, hyposexuality, and diabetes insipidus; if the internal carotid artery is compressed, the artery can also cause thrombosis. If the sphenoid sinus mucous cyst naturally ruptures the anterior wall and the mucus is discharged to the nasal cavity (spontaneous intermittent clear nose), the above symptoms can be temporarily relieved, which is of important diagnostic significance. In addition to the local symptoms described above, abscess cysts can also develop symptoms such as high fever and general discomfort.

Causes of sinus mucus cyst disease

Mostly, the natural opening of the sinuses is completely blocked, and the secretions of the sinuses accumulate, so that a mucus cyst gradually forms. It has also been reported that although there is no sinus occlusion, there are still cysts. According to recent studies, the disease is caused by a series of biochemical and immune reactions caused by excessively high levels of protein in the sinus mucosa secretion; that is, the increased osmotic pressure of the sinus endocrine secretion, which absorbs water, causing the intra-sinus pressure to increase, and then oppress it. The bone wall and osteoclasts in the bone marrow are affected by osteoclast activating factors of prostaglandins, parathyroid hormones and lymphocytes, causing the bone wall to be destroyed.

Sinus mucinous cyst pathophysiology

The wall of the mucous cyst, that is, the cystic membrane, becomes thin due to compression, the ciliated columnar epithelium becomes flat, and inflammatory cells infiltrate the submucosa, sometimes showing polyps or fibrosis. The contents of the cysts are light yellow, brown or light green viscous liquids containing cholesterol. The sinus bone wall is thin or damaged. The disease mostly occurs in the frontal and ethmoid sinuses, with fewer sphenoid sinuses and fewer in maxillary sinuses. Large sinus mucus cysts can invade the orbit and intracranial. The disease is often complicated in the later stages of the disease and can be transformed into an abscess cyst, which is more destructive and can cause meningitis, rhinorrhea of the pus spinal fluid, or cavernous sinus thrombosis.

Diagnosis of sinus mucus cyst

1. The nasal cavity examination showed that the surface covered with mucous membrane bulges in the middle nasal passage, and the middle turbinate or ethmoid vesicle is displaced by compression.

2. When the sphenoid sinus mucosal cyst was examined on the posterior rhinoscopy, the nasopharyngeal top wall protruded downward. Maxillary sinus mucous cysts show that the lateral wall of the lower nasal passage is shifted into the nasal cavity, and the inferior turbinate is also pushed toward the nasal septum causing nasal stenosis and even facial bulging.

3. X-ray plain film of the sinuses and CT localization examination.

4. Puncture of the local bulge: Take out a pale yellow, brown or pale green viscous liquid, and make a final diagnosis by seeing a crystal containing cholesterol under the microscope.

Sinus mucus cyst treatment plan

Sinus cyst resection was performed, and a wide channel was established between the affected sinuses and nasal cavity to facilitate drainage and prevent recurrence. Extra-nasal ethmoid sinus ablation is performed on the ethmoid sinus cyst. The frontal sinus or frontal ethmoid sinus mucosal cyst is treated with extranasal frontal or frontal ethmoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus mucosal cyst can be opened intranasally or extranasally, but it is not advisable to scrape the sinus mucosa, so as not to damage the skull base meninges, optic nerve, internal carotid artery and other important parts, just enlarge the sphenoid sinus opening.

Prevention of sinus mucus cyst disease

No special

Paranasal mucus cysts are safe to use

1. Prevention of upper respiratory tract infection, attention to allergic factors, timely treatment of rhinitis, sinusitis, and keeping the nasal cavity unobstructed are the keys to preventing the disease.

2. Early inspection, discovery, and treatment of diseased teeth can prevent the occurrence of dental cysts.

3. The disease is completely removed by intranasal or extranasal approach cysts to establish unobstructed drainage of the sinuses and nasal cavity. Tooth-derived patients still need to remove the diseased teeth for radical cure.