What Is Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome?
Dysplasia mole syndrome is also called Clark mole, atypical mole, BK mole syndrome. The clinical importance of dysplastic nevus syndrome is that it has the potential to develop into malignant melanoma. Essence and familial melanoma are concurrent, originally called "BK nevus", are named after cases from two families, and some people call it familial atypical multiple nevus-like melanoma. Symptoms or FAMMM syndrome, among many names, dysplastic nevus syndrome is widely recognized. The syndrome has a large number of atypical moles clinically, with histological manifestations of hypoplasia, and an increased incidence of melanoma. The relationship between isolated dysplastic moles and malignant melanoma is unknown.
Basic Information
- nickname
- Clark mole, atypical mole, BK mole syndrome
- English name
- dysplastic nevus syndrome
- Visiting department
- dermatology
- Multiple groups
- People with a family history
- Common locations
- More common in non-exposed areas, such as the chest and arms, but also on the face
- Common causes
- Autosomal dominant inheritance
- Common symptoms
- Moles on the skin, different sizes, irregular edges, and different shades
Causes of dysplastic nevus syndrome
- Dysplasia nevus syndrome is an acquired mole between acquired pigmented nevus and malignant melanoma. It was first proposed by Clark in 1978. Most patients are autosomal dominant and can also be seen in patients without a personal or family history of melanoma, who have a tendency to develop malignant melanoma. Patients and their family members also have a higher incidence of malignant melanoma.
Clinical manifestations of dysplastic nevus syndrome
- There are more than 100 moles on the skin, which are more common in non-exposed areas, such as the chest and arms, and also on the face. In general, most of the clinical damage is stable to a certain extent. The diameter is generally 5mm ~ 15mm, the edges are irregular, and the color is different. It can be mixed arbitrarily from brown, tan, black, and light red. It is slightly higher than the surface of the skin, hairless, and some have deepened skin or goose Pattern changed. There is a clear tendency for malignant melanoma to occur. Repeated and prolonged sun exposure can promote the development of damage and malignancy.
Dysplasia mole syndrome test
- The disease, whether familial or sporadic, has the same histopathological manifestations. The eigen should show the proliferation of melanocytes, which have atypical manifestations but do not reach the level of melanoma in situ. A few scholars identify dysplastic nevus based on the lack of atypical structural changes in cytology. Dysplasia moles can be borderline or mixed. In mixed lesions, epidermal nevus cells often extend to the sides beyond the lateral edges of dermal nevus cells. This phenomenon is sometimes called the shoulder strap phenomenon. It is characterized by sunspot-like hyperplasia. The single-shaped cells are usually located in the basal cell layer, while the special-shaped melanocyte nests often penetrate into the upper part of the dermis. Sometimes a Paget-like morphology appears, which is aggressive, and pigments are unevenly distributed, and may be transformed into malignant melanoma.
Dysplasia mole syndrome diagnosis
- Diagnosis was based on clinical lesions and pathological films.
Differential diagnosis of dysplastic nevus syndrome
- It should be distinguished from the superficial diffuse melanoma (in situ) diffuse growth phase, but these differences are often subjective and to varying degrees. Severe dysplastic nevus and early malignant melanoma are usually migrating. Although most cases are easy to classify, they are a lineage of histological manifestations. There is no reliable morphological criterion for distinguishing them. Therefore, no matter whether it is diagnosis of melanoma in situ or severely dysplastic nevus, the treatment is the same, and the difference in diagnosis is not of practical importance.
Dysplasia mole syndrome treatment
- Resection is the preferred treatment. Congenital pigmented nevus with a large area and changes should be surgically removed in a timely manner. If one resection is limited, it can be resected in stages, and a pathological examination will be performed at the same time, followed by further treatment according to histopathological changes. Under the premise of clear diagnosis, the maximum cosmetic effect can be achieved. Patients and their families with dysplastic nevi should be closely followed for a long time.