What Is Psychopathy?

A mental patient is a person whose brain function is disturbed by various harmful factors and whose clinical manifestations are abnormal in mental activity. Specific manifestations are obstacles of varying degrees in perceptual perception, thinking, attention, memory, emotion, behavior and will intelligence, and consciousness. Due to mental activity obstacles, patients who distortedly reflect objective reality, lose their ability to adapt to society, or harm themselves and disrupt social order are collectively referred to as mental patients.

psychiatric patient

(Glossary)

A mental patient is a person whose brain function is disturbed by various harmful factors and whose clinical manifestations are abnormal in mental activity. Specific manifestations are obstacles of varying degrees in perceptual perception, thinking, attention, memory, emotion, behavior and will intelligence, and consciousness. Due to mental activity obstacles, patients who distortedly reflect objective reality, lose their ability to adapt to society, or harm themselves and disrupt social order are collectively referred to as mental patients.

Chinese name

psychiatric patient

Foreign name

psychotic

Applied discipline

medicine

Scope of application

the term

There are many causes of mental illness: congenital heredity, personality characteristics and physical factors, organic factors, and social environmental factors. Many mental patients have delusions, hallucinations, illusions, emotional disorders, lack of self-awareness, and do not actively seek the help of a doctor. Common mental illnesses include: schizophrenia, manic depressive psychosis, menopausal psychosis, paranoid psychosis, and mental illness associated with various organic diseases. Patients and their families should cooperate with the psychiatrist.

There are still many people who like to equate neuropathy with mental illness, especially mental illness. They always like to use a mocking tone to say: you have neuropathy. In fact, neuropathy refers to organic lesions of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves, and the location of the lesion can be found through medical equipment. Common neuropathies are: encephalitis, meningitis, cerebral cysticercosis, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, epilepsy, brain tumors, myasthenia gravis, and so on. Patients should go to the neurologist for treatment.

At present, there are divergent opinions on the causes of mental illness, which can be roughly summarized as follows:

(1) Mental stimulus: People's psychology is closely related to social factors. If the individual does not adapt to the social environment, a mental stimulus is generated. The mental stimulus causes brain dysfunction and mental disorders. Whether it is a pleasant benign stimulus or a vicious stimulus that causes pain, exceeding a certain limit will have an impact on people's psychology. However, it is generally believed that non-benign stimuli that cause people's sense of loss, threat and insecurity are prone to disease.

(2) Personality: In the same environment and with the same mental stimulation, those with poor psychological quality and low tolerance to mental stimulation are susceptible to disease. Under normal circumstances, people who are introverted, narrow-minded, and overly self-esteem are not prone to mental disorders after being frustrated.

(3) Genetic factors: In psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and emotional psychiatric disorders, the prevalence of mental illness in families is significantly higher than that of the general population, and the closer the blood relationship, the higher the chance of onset. In addition, the heredity of mental retardation and epilepsy mental disorders also account for a considerable proportion of the pathogenesis.

(4) Physical factors: infection, poisoning, traumatic brain injury, tumors, endocrine, metabolic and nutritional disorders can cause mental disorders, but these diseases are alleviated with the improvement of physical diseases. Brain atrophy is an irreversible disease, and the mental disorders caused by it are not easy to alleviate. However, it should be noted that the physical factors associated with mental disorders are not directly related to mental symptoms. Some are directly caused by physical factors, and some are caused by physical factors only as a inducement.

All kinds of mental patients. It can show many abnormalities in physiological functions and psychosocial functions, and lacks the ability to know these psychological abnormalities, so it cannot correctly distinguish between fantasy and controlling individual behavior. Most cannot seek medical advice automatically. Under the current medical conditions, many patients can obtain different treatment effects and even rehabilitation through treatment and social support, and some patients have different levels of psychological or behavioral defects, become disabled, and need social care throughout their lives.

Due to the general lack of understanding of the nature of mental illness, and the behavioral behavior of patients during illness is far from customary, even strange and bizarre, mental patients are often treated differently from patients with various physical illnesses. In the historical age of backward science and culture, people around the world generally treat mental patients as "mad people" and discriminate, abuse, shut down and even kill them. Even in today's society, many people still have a certain degree of prejudice and discrimination against mental patients, and it is not uncommon for mental patients not to receive proper, timely and reasonable treatment. In order to change the situation of discrimination against mental patients and improve their treatment, it is necessary to widely publicize mental health knowledge so as to attract the attention, sympathy and support of the public. More importantly, it is necessary to formulate mental health regulations to fundamentally solve the legal rights, treatment and supervision of mental patients.

First, we must safeguard the human rights of mental patients. A mentally ill person is a citizen who has been affected by a disease, and no one shall be bullied, discriminated against, or abused. Proper care should be given to the work and life of mental patients. When the disease is under control, transitional rehabilitation measures should be taken to gradually restore the original work. Marital problems of mentally ill patients should be treated differently, and they should be treated separately: those with existing illnesses cannot be mated; those who have been cured should be allowed to register, but must undergo routine pre-marital examinations; those with severe genetic predisposition should be advised Birth control.

In order to safeguard the personal dignity and legal rights of mental patients, the state should bring to justice those who harm mental patients and have serious consequences, and those who rape and instigate mental patients.

Mental patients have the right to receive proper treatment and to be monitored. The treatment of mental patients is also premised on a voluntary basis. However, given that most patients lose the ability to distinguish between fantasy and control behaviors during the illness, and refuse treatment, it is necessary to implement compulsory treatment when their behavior may cause self-harm or may endanger social security. . Before implementing compulsory treatment measures, the consent of family members, unit leaders or relevant social guardians must be obtained. Compulsory medical treatment should have a certain time limit, and those who still need to be hospitalized if they have not recovered within the time limit, the physician must declare to their family members or guardians that they need to continue to be hospitalized.

Involving law, especially mental patients who have caused criminal problems due to the accident, must submit an authorized psychiatrist or a physician to conduct a medical evaluation of psychiatry through judicial procedures. No other person or doctor without professional training may accept an appraisal case.

In principle, those who have lost the ability to identify their own behavior and lose the ability to control individual behavior at the time of the accident can be regarded as having no liability; otherwise, they have the ability to be responsible. From the perspective of psychiatric categories, patients with severe mental illness, such as those with various types of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, paranoid psychosis, and severe mental retardation, can be considered as having no responsibility, but specific analysis is required. The remission period of the above several severe mental illnesses is responsible. Health investigations and related examinations should be conducted for those with episodic mental disorders. Those who are indeed caused by the onset of the disease or who have a disturbance of consciousness should be deemed to be incapable. However, excessive drinking causes temporary behavioral changes or chronic mental disorders caused by chronic alcohol abuse, and is generally not considered to be incapacitated.

The key to the management of mental patients is medical care. Under the conditions of medical development today, the state should carry out medical activities inside and outside psychiatric hospitals at multiple levels and channels. The psychiatry department of a psychiatric hospital or general hospital with a certain number of beds should be set up according to the population to facilitate the hospitalization of patients. In addition, social forces should be mobilized to carry out community medical treatment, so as to expand the treatment area, so that patients can go to the nearest doctor, receive or manage nearby. Because the treatment and management of mental illness has a strong social character, mental health leadership agencies should be set up at all levels of administrative divisions to coordinate forces in all aspects, to enable patients to receive social care and supervision, and to develop mental health.