How Much Memory Did the First Computers Have?

A computer (commonly known as a computer) is a modern electronic computing machine used for high-speed calculations. It can perform numerical calculations as well as logical calculations. It also has a memory function. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can run according to a program and automatically and quickly process massive data.

[jì suàn j]

The evolution of computing tools has gone through different stages from simple to complex, from low-level to high-level.

Computer is made of

Fast calculation speed: the internal circuit of the computer can complete a variety of high-speed and accurate

With the advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of various computer technologies and network technologies, the development of computers has entered a fast and brand new era. Computers have evolved from single functions and large volumes to complex functions, small volumes, and resource networks. etc. The future of computers is full of variables, and the dramatic increase in performance is unquestionable, but there are many ways to achieve the leap in performance. However, the dramatic improvement in performance is not the only way for the development of computers. The development of computers should also become more and more humane, while also paying attention to environmental protection and so on.

Since its appearance, computers have experienced four generations of machine languages, programming languages, simple operating systems, and modern operating systems such as Linux, Macos, BSD, and Windows. The operating speed has also been greatly improved. Billions of times per second. The computer has also developed from the original use only for military scientific research to everyone's possession. The powerful application functions of the computer have created a huge market demand. In the future, computer performance should be miniaturized,

Computer molecules

The molecular computer is small in size, low in power consumption, fast in calculation, and large in storage. The molecular computer works by absorbing the information that exists on the molecular crystals in the form of electrical charges and organizing them in a more efficient way. The calculation process of the molecular computer is the interaction process between the protein molecule and the surrounding physical and chemical media. The switch is an enzyme, and the program is extremely obvious in the structure of the enzyme synthesis system and the protein. Computers made of biomolecules are capable of operating in a biochemical environment, or even biological organisms, and can exchange with the external environment in other molecular forms. Therefore it will play an irreplaceable role in medical diagnosis and treatment, genetic tracking and bionic engineering. The size of the molecular chip is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is greatly improved. The time required for a molecular computer to complete an operation is only 10 picoseconds, which is 1 million times faster than human thinking. The molecular computer has an amazing storage capacity, and one cubic meter of DNA solution can store 1 trillion binary data. Molecular computers consume very little energy, only one billionth of an electronic computer. Since the raw material of the molecular chip is a protein molecule, the molecular computer not only has the function of self-repair, but also can be directly connected with the molecular living body.

Computer quantum

A quantum computer is a computer with a completely new concept that uses the quantum properties of atoms to process information. Quantum theory believes that under non-interaction, atoms are in two states at any time, which is called quantum superstate. Atoms rotate, that is, they spin in both directions, which exactly coincides with the electronic computers 0 and 1. If a group of atoms are brought together, they will not perform linear operations like electronic computers, but will perform all possible operations at the same time. For example, quantum computers process data not in steps but at the same time. As long as 40 atoms are calculated together, it is equivalent to the performance of a supercomputer today. A quantum computer uses atoms in a quantum state as a central processor and memory. Its computing speed may be 1 billion times faster than the Pentium 4 chip. It is like an information rocket that searches the entire Internet in an instant, and can easily crack any security password. Hackers The task is easy, no wonder the CIA is particularly interested in it.

Computer photon

Photon computer

In early 1990, Bell Labs in the United States built the world's first photonic computer.

Photonic computer is a new type of computer that performs digital operations, logical operations, information storage, and processing with optical signals. The basic component of a photonic computer is an integrated optical path, which requires a laser, lens, and nuclear mirror. Because photons are faster than electrons, they can run up to one trillion times. Its storage capacity is tens of thousands of times that of modern computers, and it can also recognize and synthesize languages, graphics and gestures.

Many countries have invested heavily in research on photonic computers. With the combination of modern optics, computer technology and microelectronic technology, in the near future, photonic computers will become a universal tool for human beings.

Computer nano

Nanocomputer is a new type of high-performance computer developed with nanotechnology. The size of the nanotube element is in the range of several tens to several tens of nanometers. It has a solid texture and strong electrical conductivity. It can replace silicon chips to make computers. "Nano" is a unit of measurement. A nanometer is equal to 10 (-9) m3, which is about 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is a new frontier scientific research field that developed rapidly in the early 1980s. The ultimate goal is to directly manipulate individual atoms according to their own will to create products with specific functions. Nanotechnology is starting with micro-electro-mechanical systems, placing sensors, motors and various processors on a silicon chip to form a system. Computer memory chips developed using nanotechnology are only a few hundred atoms in size, which is equivalent to one thousandth the diameter of a human hair. Not only do nanocomputers consume almost no energy, they are many times more powerful than today's computers.

Computer biology

Since the 1980s, bioengineers have devoted great efforts to the research of human brain, neurons and receptors in order to develop a sixth-generation computer that can simulate human brain thinking, low power consumption and high efficiency-biological computer. Computer chips made of protein can store up to 1 billion times more memory than ordinary computers. The density of biological computer components is 1 million times higher than the density of brain neurons, and the speed of transmitting information is 1 million times faster than the speed of human brain thinking. Its characteristic is that it can realize distributed associative memory. And can simulate the learning function of humans and animals to a certain extent. It is a computer with knowledge, learning, and reasoning. It has the ability to understand natural language, sound, text, and images, and has the ability to speak. It enables human-computer to talk directly in natural language. It can use existing And continuous learning of knowledge, thinking, association, reasoning, and conclusions, can solve complex problems, have the ability to collect, remember, and retrieve relevant knowledge.