What Are Internet Telecommunications?

A telecommunications network is a public facility of a telecommunications system, which refers to a collection of nodes and links that provide connections between two or more specified points in order to establish telecommunication services and information between these points.

Chinese name: Telecommunications network
Nature: public Utilities

Belong to: Telecommunication system
Provide: Connection between two or more specified points

Telecom Network Introduction

China Telecom Corporation has branches in 31 provinces (regions, cities) in the country and the Americas, Europe, Hong Kong, Macau and other places. It has a communications and information service network covering the country's urban and rural areas and access to the world. The earliest commercial and most widely covered CDMA 3G network. It owns well-known brands such as "Tianyi", "My eHome", "Business Pilot", and "Number Best Buy". system. The company's two major holding listed companies, China Telecom Co., Ltd. and China Telecom Service Co., Ltd., form a two-shares operating structure for the main and auxiliary industries. The company was listed in Hong Kong in 2006.

China Telecom Corporation is a super-large state-owned telecommunications company in China and a global partner of the Shanghai World Expo. It has been selected as a "Fortune 500 Enterprise" for many years.

Telecommunication network development

Brief introduction of telecommunication network

A China Mobile insider revealed to the Economic Reference News reporter that China Mobile has begun to develop 4G services. With the future 4G network, the scale of telecommunications network infrastructure investment will again increase significantly. At present, the 4G standard TD-LTE network led by China Mobile has been approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to conduct scale trials in six cities: Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Xiamen. According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the TD-LTE demonstration network deployed in six cities cost 1.5 billion yuan, and a total of 3,060 base stations were built, with about 500 stations in each city. Xu Jingtao, Marketing Director of Datang Telecom, told the reporter of the Economic Reference Daily that Datang Telecom and China Mobile have recently completed a new round of large-scale network testing in Beijing, with more than 10,000 users accessing the network. The test environment is equivalent to real Commercial network has achieved good test results. Xu Jingtao also introduced that if the test goes well, China Mobile is likely to formally build a TD-LTE network nationwide in the next 5 years, and the investment in network construction will then increase again.

According to reports, Vodafone in the United Kingdom, DoCoMo and SoftBank Group in Japan, and Verizon in the United States all plan to build 4G networks using TD-LTE standard technology led by China Mobile in the future. Among them, Vodafone and Verizon have teamed up with domestic companies such as China Mobile to conduct multiple TD-LTE network tests, and have started to establish a large-scale TD-LTE test network; DoCoMo and SoftBank have also made a comprehensive demonstration of TD-LTE technology And technical testing.

Xu Jingtao believes that once China Mobile's 4G network is commercially available, it will help TD-LTE become the 4G international standard. In this way, not only can China Mobile and domestic equipment manufacturers get rid of the patent constraints of foreign manufacturers such as Qualcomm, and greatly reduce production costs; it may also enter the international market and gain more benefits.

Hua Hong Securities analyst Liu Hongjun said that based on domestic and foreign experience, the next-generation network construction will undergo three stages of field test, small-scale pre-commercialization, and formal commercialization. Although the scale of the field test is limited, it is also important to seize the opportunity. . According to reports, TD-LTE's small-scale pre-commercialization is expected to be realized in the middle and late 2012. By then, Huawei, ZTE, Datang Telecom, and Century Dingli will benefit from this. Xu Jingtao also introduced that from the perspective of the development of the industrial chain, terminals are generally delayed from network deployment, but at present some chip manufacturers have accelerated the development of TD-LTE terminal chips. At the International Consumer Electronics Show in Beijing on January 7, a number of 4G mobile phones have been exhibited. Therefore, some people in the industry believe that with the industrialization of TD-LTE, terminal chip manufacturers such as Lianxin Technology do not rule out a wave of listing.

Telecommunication network mobile network

I. Overview Mobile network, the Chinese name for mobile web, is generally not equated with mobile internet. Mobile network refers to browser-based Web services such as the World Wide Web, WAP, and i-mode (Japan), using mobile devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, or other portable tools to connect to public networks, without the need for a desktop computer and without a fixed Fixed connection. However, mobile network access still has interoperability and availability issues today. This is due to a variety of reasons, such as mobile devices that provide a large amount of information in incompatible formats on the Internet and partly due to the limitations of mobile devices and other devices with small screens of physical size.

Second, the basic functions

1. Voice communication is the most basic function of mobile phones. Mobile phones will provide mobile data service functions at various rates, such as MMS, LBS; data download and surfing, online games, data multimedia, mobile application solution functions, communication interfaces with external devices, Bluetooth, WLAN, WIFI, etc Multiple wireless access methods.

2. Faster computing speed. With the increase of chip computing speed and storage capacity, mobile phones can provide more powerful computing capabilities, and real-time multimedia compression transmission will no longer be a bottleneck.

3. Key technology and technical route The goal of mobile videophone is to realize the real-time transmission of video and audio under the condition of mobile network. The wireless network has the characteristics of high bit rate, narrow bandwidth, and large bandwidth jitter. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the mobile network, designing an optimized video and audio transmission scheme is the focus of our research.

Below we first analyze the current real-time transmission of video and audio, which can also be completed by the cooperation of many enterprises. There are problems with mobile networks, terminals, and codec technologies, and we propose our solutions. At present, the GPRS network has been commercialized on a large scale, and many GPRS-based multimedia services have also been launched.

CDMA2000 Telecommunication network CDMA2000

CDMA2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000) is a 3G mobile communication standard, a radio interface recognized by the International Telecommunication Union's ITU's IMT-2000 standard, and an extension of the 2G cdmaOne standard. The fundamental signaling standard is IS-2000. This is the 3G mobile standard promoted by China Telecom. CDMA2000 is not compatible with another 3G standard, WCDMA.

TD-SCDMA Telecom Network TD-SCDMA

TD-SCDMATime Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (time division synchronous code division multiple access technology).

TD-SCDMA, as the third-generation mobile communication standard (referred to as 3G) proposed by China, has been submitted to the ITU (ITU) in 1998. It has undergone more than ten years to complete the standard expert group assessment and ITU approval. And released a series of international standardization work such as integration with 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) system, introduction of new technical features, etc., so that the TD-SCDMA standard became the first proposed by China, mainly based on China's intellectual property rights , An international standard widely accepted and recognized in wireless communications. This is an important milestone in the history of telecommunications in China. (Note: 3G has three international standards, the other two are US-led CDMA2000 and European-led WCDMA.)

WCDMA Telecommunication Network WCDMA

WCDMA is the English abbreviation of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), which is a third generation wireless communication technology. W-CDMA Wideband CDMA is a third-generation mobile communication system specifically developed by 3GPP based on the GSM MAP core network and UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) as the wireless interface. WCDMA currently has Release 99, Release 4, Release 5, Release 6 and other versions. This type of 3G communication standard currently used by China Unicom.

Telecommunication Network Telecommunication Network Function Design Principles

1. The full function of a telecommunications network is to pass signals.

2. The telecommunication network is required to have a simple hierarchy and a clear interface.

3 Under the premise of guaranteeing the quality of business, network security and network resource utilization efficiency should be improved as much as possible.

Telecommunication Network Bestseller

Introduction to Telecom Network Books

The Introduction to New Telecommunications Technology is novel in content and wide in coverage. The content is easy to understand, easy to understand, and focuses on explaining the working principles of key technologies from the basic concepts, avoiding tedious mathematical derivation.

"New Introduction to Telecommunications Technology" can be used as a teaching book or reference book for telecommunications and related majors in colleges and universities, as well as engineering technology in telecommunications, broadcasting and other departments. This book tells the related concepts, key technologies and working principles of modern telecommunications.

Telecom network content introduction

The book is divided into 13 chapters. Chapter 1, the basic concepts, introduces the frequency domain analysis of signals, analog and digital communications, binary, multi-ary, etc., and prepares knowledge for non-communications professionals reading this book. Chapter 2 Digital Technology and SDH is the basis for studying subsequent chapters. Other chapters include data communication technology, optical fiber communication, digital microwave relay communication and satellite communication, mobile communication, access network, switching technology, NO. 7Signaling system, multimedia technology, intelligent network, telecommunication management network (TMN) and information security technology.

This book can be used as a teaching book or teaching reference book for telecommunications and related majors in colleges and universities, as well as engineering technology for communication, broadcasting and other departments.

Introduction to Telecom Network Authors

Wu Deben, completed his major in radio communications and broadcasting at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (now Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) in July 1962. After graduating, he stayed as a teacher in the school and has been so far. He used to be the director of the Academic Affairs Office of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications; now he is a professor at the School of Information and Communication Engineering (formerly the School of Telecommunication Engineering) of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. In Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, he has taught courses such as linear algebra, network theory, optimization methods, and confidence. He lectured and recorded a set of VCD "Introduction to Modern Telecommunications Technology", published by Renmin University Press.

Li Huimin, graduated from Beijing University of Technology in Radio Technology. He is currently an associate professor in the School of Information and Communication Engineering (formerly the School of Telecommunication Engineering) of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. In Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, he has lectured on analog electronic circuits, digital circuits, program-controlled exchanges, and modern exchange technologies.

They co-authored "Introduction to Communications", "Information Superhighway", and "Introduction to Modern Telecommunications Technology".

For more than 10 years, they have invited China Telecom, China Netcom, China Unicom, China Broadcasting, ZTE, Julong, Runxun, Runhui Telecom, Daqing Oilfield Communications Company, Dagang Oilfield Communications Company, Navy The Ministry of Communications, the General Staff Communication Center and other units teach modern telecommunication technology and are well received and welcomed by various students. ^[1]

Telecom network intrusion incident

Telecommunication network incidents

The Indian Minister of Communications and Information Technology Kluparani notified the Indian People's House (lower house of the Indian Parliament) on February 5, 2014 that Chinese Huawei has allegedly penetrated the network of Indian state-owned telecommunications operator BSNL, and the Indian government has launched an investigation into the matter. Several Indian media have reported on the news.

On February 5, 2014, Kluparani told the Indian People's House: "The incident concerning the intrusion of Chinese telecommunications company Huawei into the BSNL network has attracted attention, and the government formed an inter-departmental team to investigate the incident." However, the name The Minister's written reply did not provide any details about the incident.

Sources point out that a mobile phone signal tower in the coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India, was affected a few months ago, which was blamed as "the invasion of Huawei engineers". "Hindu" reported on February 5, 2014 that because of the vast coastal area of Andhra Pradesh, it is also one of the active areas of Nasar in India. Indian intelligence and law enforcement agencies are very worried about this.

India's "Economic Times" said on February 6, 2014 that Kluparani's statement once again aroused domestic concerns about China's telecommunications equipment. Although India issued new regulations on telecommunications equipment imports a few years ago, this One problem has not gradually disappeared. It is understood that as Chinese companies are becoming India's largest software and hardware suppliers, the Indian Parliament suggested in 2012 that the Indian government conduct security checks on communications equipment. The Indian parliament also recommends adopting the US model to consider telecommunications equipment that may pose serious security risks. ^[2]

Telecom network Huawei refutes

A spokesman for Huawei India Branch refuted the Indian statement on February 6, 2014. The Economic Times reported that the spokesperson for Huawei India Branch denied in a statement that the company was suspected of hacking into the BSNL network. "The company continues to work closely with customers and governments in India to resolve any cybersecurity issues that may arise in technical and commercial activities by fully complying with cybersecurity norms, laws and regulations." ^[2]

Telecom Network Analyst

As early as 2009, Indian media began to hype similar news that "Huawei undermines the security of Indian telecommunications networks", but basically there is no tangible evidence, and after a period of time, it disappeared. However, this reflects that the Indian government and society are instinctively vigilant about Chinese companies' investment in India in the development competition between China and India. They are always worried that the entry of Chinese companies will lay a hidden danger for India. India's telecommunications sector is even more sensitive. This is not the first time that China Communications Equipment Corporation has encountered such an investigation. This precautionary mentality also leads to obstacles for Chinese companies to invest in India, making it difficult to fully implement them. ^[2]