What Is a Control Unit?

The Control Unit is responsible for the process management of the program. Just like the factory's logistics distribution department, the control unit is the command and control center of the entire CPU. It consists of three parts: instruction register IR (Instruction Register), instruction decoder ID (Instruction Decoder), and operation controller OC (Operation Controller). It is extremely important to coordinate the orderly work of the entire computer.

The Control Unit is responsible for the process management of the program. Just like the factory's logistics distribution department, the control unit is the command and control center of the entire CPU. It consists of three parts: instruction register IR (Instruction Register), instruction decoder ID (Instruction Decoder), and operation controller OC (Operation Controller). It is extremely important to coordinate the orderly work of the entire computer.
The control unit can be part of the CPU or it can be installed outside the CPU.
Chinese name
control unit
Foreign name
Control Unit
Related definitions
Harvard structure, Von Neumann structure
Belong to
One of the CPU parts

Control unit definition

The control unit, English Control Unit (CU), is one of the CPU components and is sometimes installed external to the CPU. Its basic function is to access instructions, analyze instructions, and execute instructions from within.
A control unit is a control instrument or control component that implements one or more control laws. Such as: multiplex transmission control unit, proxy setting control unit.

Control unit type

No matter what kind of control unit, the principle is to control the various parts of the CPU through the control signal sent by the control unit. Control units can be broadly divided into the following two categories.
  • Micro program type, which reads and sends out control signals. Microprogramming is performed through a simple digital path (microcomputer) called a microsequencer. [1]
  • Hardware type control unit. Control signals are sent directly from the digital path. Due to the scale of integrated circuits and advances in design technology, such control units have become possible.

Control unit functions

According to the user's pre-programmed program, each instruction is sequentially taken from the memory, placed in the instruction register IR, and determined by the instruction decoding (analysis) what operation should be performed, and then by operating the controller OC, according to the determined timing, Send micro-operation control signals to the corresponding components. The operation controller OC mainly includes control logic such as a beat pulse generator, a control matrix, a clock pulse generator, a reset circuit, and a start-stop circuit.

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