What are the different types of agricultural irrigation?

Agricultural irrigation is the application of water to crops by artificial means. Irrigation is primarily used in areas with sporadic precipitation or potential drought conditions to ensure that crop soil gets sufficient water for cultivation. Water used in agricultural irrigation can come from various sources such as groundwater, rivers, springs, lakes, wells or surface water.

Manual irrigation is one of the most basic types of agricultural irrigation. Farmers or workers use irrigation cans to saturate crops by hand. Because manual irrigation is often time -consuming and physically demanding, it tends to be used for small farms or in areas affected by poverty.

Before progress in irrigation technology has occurred, surface irrigation tend to be the most implemented irrigation system for large -scale irrigation. When irrigating the surface, small channels are dug over the entire length of the surface and the water is pouredto the top of the channels. The irrigation of the surface is used by no pumps or other mechanisms and relies on gravity to distribute water through the crops through channels. The method applies water to crops from below the soil surface. Under the roots of the crops, the pipe system is buried and the water is pumped up to the roots to ensure that the roots get the right amount of water.

Farmers can use the sprinkler method for water crops from above. Sprinkler agricultural irrigation uses sprayers or high -pressure spray pistols to apply water to the crop field. There are also two types of specialized sprinkler irrigation: center pin and side movement.

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Irrigation Pivot Center uses an automated sprayer system that is connected to a solid tower in the center of the crop. The sprinklers rotate by circular movement to distribute the water of the whole area of ​​the crops evenly. Pivot Center oftenused in flat, spacious crops.

While the irrigation of the central rotation is a stationary spraying method, irrigation of lateral movement does not use centrally solid sprinklers. The pipe system is equipped with wheels and sprayer for each individual pipe. Sprinklers are either mechanically rotated manually or may have a built -in mechanism. Sprinklers move through the field and may require their water hoses to reconnect or replace when the spoils move from the original location. The lateral movement of agricultural irrigation tends to be more cost -effective than other methods, but requires constant supervision.

Localized irrigation uses a low -pressure system to a fine water crop in small doses. The drip can supply water with drops directly to the root area. Water can also be applied through underground low -pressure underground pipes. Since localized irrigation is thus controlled, it can reduce water sheep and prevent waste.