What Are the Different Types of Pallet Design?

Pallet management, as one of the management methods of modern shipbuilding mode, is produced with the development of the manufacturing and installation methods of ship outfits.

Pallet management is a new management method introduced from abroad with the shipbuilding design in the 1980s. As early as the 1970s, Japanese shipbuilding companies have already achieved palletized management in the design and management of outfitting operations. In Japan, pallet management is the core of production management. Together with shipbuilding production design, a reasonable production system and type of work structure, and perfect planning work, it constitutes four powerful pillars in the production management of an enterprise, enabling high-speed and efficient Japanese shipbuilding development of. Pallet management arises with the development of methods for manufacturing and installing ship outfits.

In the production process of a ship, the pallet is not only an operating unit, but also a unit for assembling parts, components and equipment for installation. There are a large number of outfits to be manufactured and installed during the construction of the ship. In order to facilitate the construction and management, they are divided into smaller units according to the operating stage and work place. Each pallet, that is, a small project, is completed at the same stage and in the same place, and the start and completion dates of each pallet project are clearly specified. The entire project plan, project progress and supplies of materials and equipment can also be implemented one by one.

The meaning of ship outfitting pallets includes two contents: one is the smallest unit of the pallet management table and the corresponding production management list prepared at the time of production design, the smallest unit of on-site production operations, and the in-house manufacturing and outfitting procurement The smallest unit of the distribution center and the field installation. The second is that the tray is like a side dish in a restaurant's catering room. It has both a menu and a plate. Pallets are carriers for outfitting materials. As outfitting pallet carriers, there are both pallet management tables and pallets composed of steel structures. It can be made into various forms according to actual needs.

The term "pallet" has become a practical term for all the information and resources required to complete a unit of work for area / type / phase division.

In terms of information and resources, "tray" means:

(1) Design-drawings and bill of materials;

(2) Material procurement-a complete set of materials;

(3) Production-workload, labor, and equipment.

In terms of work schedule, "pallet" means:

(1) Design-the date of completion and delivery of the drawing and its bill of materials;

(2) Material acquisition-the date of delivery of a complete set of materials;

(3) Production-distribution of man-hours and equipment within a certain period.

Tray management is based on

Tray management includes tray division, tray assembly, and tray distribution.

At present, all major shipyards in China are actively promoting modern shipbuilding models. The product-oriented modern shipbuilding model is to decompose and combine product operations tasks by area from the perspective of hull construction, outfitting, and painting integration, and divide by area. Various types of operation tasks to form a shipbuilding model for ship construction with hulls divided into sections and outfitted with pallets (or units) as basic operating units for organizational production

Tray management is mainly composed of three parts: tray design, schedule management and tray configuration.

(1) Tray design refers to the division of the tray and the determination of the object of the tray. This is based on the division principles established by the construction policy and construction essentials. The production and design department will use the pallet management table to classify and categorize the objects managed by the pallet in the form of pallets. To the production site.

(2) Schedule management refers to the determination of the pallet assembly plan. This is based on the requirements of the factory construction plan, the large schedule and the medium schedule. The pallet assembly department prepares the pallet assembly plan, including the monthly plan and the delivery date of each pallet.

(3) Pallet configuration must establish a management department that performs assembly and assembly of pallets according to the pallet management table. This department can be called a distribution center. It is the central link in implementing pallet management.

Pallet management as a systematic project must involve various departments in the shipyard and many

Pallet and material delivery management is the basis of production preparation for pallet management. The first step in the planning process is to prepare a pallet assembly plan. According to the requirements of the factory construction plan, the large schedule and the medium schedule, the pallet assembly department will prepare it, including the monthly plan and the delivery date of each pallet. The instruction requires that this plan should be a rolling plan on a monthly basis, including a three-month rolling plan for the piping system, and a rolling plan for the iron tray, including two processes of execution and preparation. The second step of planning is based on the pallet assembly plan and based on the information provided by the pallet management table, which is aggregated into the total amount of various outfitting parts and the number of stages required. Plan and aggregate demand planning and aggregation. These three plans give the required quantity and date of various outsourced parts, outsourced parts and self-made parts, and reach the procurement department, outsourced department and production department. Each department then generates outfitting delivery schedules based on the balance of the procurement cycle, the amount of goods in transit, and inventory. Supporting inspections. Since the delivery date on the pallet management table is set in the mid-schedule planning stage, when the collection and distribution center performs the collection and distribution, the collection and distribution center should make corresponding changes to the delivery date of the pallet according to the status quo, and develop a pallet assembly plan that suits the current status . According to the pallet management table and the small schedule plan, the collection and distribution center formulates the pallet collection and distribution plan for the next month in advance and submits it to the planning room for comments to obtain the overall coordination and balance of the monthly production plan. Monitor pallet matching according to the pallet assembly plan, pallet management table, and warehouse inventory information. According to the supporting inspection plan, regularly implement pre-matching management for pallets that will be used in the future, and timely understand the status and shortage of outfitting parts for each pallet. The number of pre-orders for each item at different delivery times; feedback the information to the upper-level pallet collection plan, and make adjustments to the collection plan based on the feedback information. Here I solved the pre-matching management difficulties of the pallet through relational algebraic models and programs. Pallet assembly process management. Tray refers to the entity of the pallet on which the outfit is loaded. It is separately coded and managed. Loaded in a physical tray, this article is called a logical tray. According to the pallet assembly plan and the currently available physical pallets, a physical pallet allocation plan is formulated, and the physical pallets used by each logical pallet during the assembly time are determined. The physical tray and logical tray establish a mapping relationship through a physical tray scheduling algorithm. This algorithm determines the physical tray used by each logical tray according to the tray assembly plan, physical tray information, and tray recycling plan. By establishing a dynamic optimization scheduling model of physical trays and solving them using genetic algorithms, I established a mapping relationship between physical trays and logical trays. The pallet management group conducts pallet assembly at the appropriate time every week, and proposes a series of optimized assembly strategies for the problem of multiple route selection in the assembly process. Distributing outfitting parts to each pallet according to the pallet management table involves fully utilizing the capacity of the pallet and rationally arranging the pallets on the premise of ensuring quality and safety. Pallet distribution and recycling. According to the workshop operation plan, a tray distribution plan and a tray recycling plan are formulated. The delivery plan gives information such as the delivery date and delivery department of each pallet. The distribution of pallets should be handled by the shipping group of the collection and distribution center, which involves issues such as how to choose the best route and the most reasonable transportation method. According to the tray recycling plan, recycle empty trays in time to keep the trays in use as much as possible.

Palletized cargo:

According to the type of the goods, the quality of the goods carried on the pallet and the size of the pallets, the way in which the goods are placed on the pallets should be reasonably determined.

The palletizing method has the following requirements:

1. Wooden, paper and metal containers, such as rigid cuboids, are stacked in single or multiple layers, stretched or contracted;

2. Single or multiple layers of paper or fibrous goods are staggered, sealed with straps Shiyu;

3. Single-layer or multi-layer stacking of cylindrical cargo such as sealed metal containers, reinforced with wooden cargo covers;

4. Paper products, textile goods that need to be protected from moisture and water, single or multi-layer staggered storage, stretch or shrink packaging, or add angle support, cargo cover partitions, etc. to strengthen the structure

5. Single or multi-layer stacking of fragile goods, adding wooden supporting partition structure;

6. Metal bottle type cylindrical container or cargo single layer vertical code adds cargo frame to slat reinforcement structure;

7. Multi-layer staggered compaction of bag-type goods.

The tray configuration must also follow these principles:

(1) Set and match on time. Configure each tray in advance according to the specific date set in the tray list;

(2) The quantity is fully equipped. According to the pallet list, make a plan for the purchased parts, outsourced parts and self-made parts of each pallet, and carefully check and store the outfitted variety, quantity and quality according to the pallet table.

Under the premise of following the above principles, pallets must also be prepared with different sizes and specifications (iron frame) according to the specific contents of various types of pallets. Perform configuration and mark the corresponding tray number; at the same time, check each tray according to the specific content of the tray management table, and mark the weight, delivery location, delivery date and receiving unit.

Pallet distribution will be delivered to the designated location in time according to the time period of the warehouse, so that the field operators can install it according to the designated date. Distributing pallets well is an important part of material management for on-site services and cost control. It is necessary to make a distribution plan, send out pallets on time, reasonably equip transportation tools, and conduct leak detection and feedback.

In addition to the above three parts, the tray management also involves feedback management content of the on-site installation of the tray. The design, configuration, and installation of pallets are relatively complicated, and can only be carried out by the cooperation of designers, managers, and construction personnel. In addition, issues such as modifications and additions proposed by shipowners during construction will also be reflected in site construction. Therefore, the pallet management must also strengthen the feedback management in the field construction. Only in this way can the effective implementation of the pallet management be guaranteed. ^[1]