What Are the Different Types of Plumbing Repair?

The main measures to maintain and restore the normal operation of transportation pipelines and their equipment, including regular and temporary pipeline maintenance and repair.

Pipeline repair

The maintenance of communication, monitoring, and power equipment attached to pipelines is not a unique operation content of pipeline maintenance. Generally speaking, pipeline maintenance

Remove oil, condensate, wax, mechanical impurities, and corrosion products such as iron sulfide and accumulated water in the gas pipe to restore or improve the efficiency of pipeline transportation. These substances are attached to the pipe wall or deposited under the pipe, which reduces the cross-sectional area of the pipe and corrodes the inner surface of the pipe, increasing the energy consumption of oil and gas transportation. Pigs are mainly used for pigging. Various instruments are installed on some pigs to measure pipe wall thickness, internal corrosion, pipe deformation and position settlement. Common pigs are spherical pigs, bowl pigs and soft pigs (Figure 1

It is also called pig, which is mostly used to clear the stagnant water in the pipe and the condensate in the gas pipeline. It is also used to clean the pipe before construction and put into production, and in

The leather bowl is fixed on the shaft of the pig; when several leather bowls are connected together, a flexible connection is used between the shafts to increase the ability to pass through the elbow with a small radius of curvature. The length of this pig is generally not less than 1.5 times the inner diameter of the pipe. In order to make the cup and the wall of the pipe close, the diameter of the cup must be 3 mm larger than the inner diameter of the pipe. Wire brushes or scrapers can also be installed between the bowls to clean and scrape welding slag, rust and wax blocks. This type of pig is also called a mechanical pig. Piping tube pigs have a better pigging effect, are cheaper to manufacture, can replace easily damaged parts, and are convenient for installing various testing instruments. When the pipeline is put into operation for the first time, the pig may be stuck in the pipe. In order to find the stuck position, a tracer that can emit radio waves can be placed in the pig. The signal can pass through the steel pipe and the soil layer, so that the position of the pig can be accurately found with the detector.

Pigs made of open-cell foam. It has greater elasticity and can be compressed into a smaller diameter while being placed in a tube, while the length is slightly increased. The entire surface of the soft pig is closely attached to the wall of the pipe, which functions as a wiper. This pig can pass through severely deformed pipes. Disadvantages: poor ability to remove firmly bonded wax blocks and deposits, and easy damage due to the soft texture of the foam.

Device for sending and receiving pigs for oil and gas pipelines (Figure 2

Including inspection of pipeline corrosion and anti-corrosion; inspection of pipelines for oil leakage points; inspection of valves along the line; inspection of hydraulic structures and soil loss along the line; inspection of signs for damage. Once the pipeline lines and equipment are checked for failure, they should be repaired or updated in a timely manner.

The pipeline has a long line, which may be damaged by man-made and natural disasters at any time. To this end, line inspection and maintenance work must be carried out frequently. In addition, there is also a dedicated pipeline maintenance team, equipped with the necessary mobile equipment, earthmoving construction equipment, welding and plugging equipment, and communication tools, so as to be ready for emergency repairs.

The most prominent in pipeline maintenance work are major accident handling operations such as leak repair and pipe replacement. If the leak is caused by corrosive perforation, you can use a clamp to plug the leak in the pipe and then perform repair welding. If the pipe is severely damaged or deformed, the pipe must be cut and replaced with a new pipe section. Oil or gas leaking from the pipe can easily cause a fire. When cutting pipelines at a low place, a large amount of oil and gas must be prevented from leaking out. Mechanical occluders are often used to block pipelines, and repair operations are carried out without stopping.

The method of mechanical plugging is to open a hole in the upstream and downstream of the pipe section to be replaced. Each hole is plugged with a plug with a leather bowl to cut off the oil or gas at both ends, and then drain the oil in the damaged pipe section. Or gas, use a mechanical cutter to cut the pipe section, and then insert two pigging balls into the cutouts at both ends, and fill nitrogen between the pigging ball and the plug to prevent explosion during welding. Put the new pipe section in place, match it, and weld it. After the welding is completed, the plugging device is lifted out of the pipe and the opening is closed to complete the plugging and replacement work. When the pipeline was repaired and operated, two pigs were recovered in the pig receiver of the downstream station. When plugging and replacing pipe sections, the bypass pipe can be led out before plugging to ensure uninterrupted pipeline transportation during the entire pipe changing process (Figure 3).

Pipeline repair