What Is a Fire Resistant Door?

The accredited laboratory designated by the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Firefighting has passed the new national fire door standard GB_12955-2008, which has been implemented since January 1, 2009, and has passed the fire door fire resistance test. Markers, call it fire doors. The fire door defined by the US NFPA and IBC specifications is "any combination of fire door, lintel, hardware and other accessories that can provide a certain degree of fire protection to the opening."

fire-proof door

Fire doors are fire resistant in a certain time

Fire doors are generally located in the following locations.

(1) Close the evacuation stairs to the walkway; close the elevator room to the front door and the front door to the walkway.

(2) Inspection gates for vertical pipeline wells such as cable wells, pipeline wells, smoke exhaust ducts, and garbage channels.

(3) Division

There are actually many types of fire doors.

The difference between an anti-theft door and a fire door is that the main function of the anti-theft door is better anti-prying and sealing performance. Generally, the door cannot be opened without a key outside the closed door. The anti-theft door must have the "FAM" mark, and refer to the general technical requirements of the anti-theft security door GB17565-2007. Although the fire door is also made of steel, the door panel is filled with fireproof material, and the thickness of the door steel plate also has different requirements. A steel door is an ordinary steel door. It also has a certain anti-theft function but has a poor anti-prying performance. General street processing plants are in this category.

Only Shanghai and Chengdu have local standards for fireproof and anti-theft doors. Other places generally can only be called fireproof entrance doors, that is, they have reached the national fireproof Class A or Class B fireproof door standard (filled fireproof door core) Class A and Class B standard. Generally divided by anti-burn time. At the same time, the following aspects have been met:

1. The thickness of the door frame is 1.5, and the thickness of the front and back steel plates is 0.8.

2. The lock has an anti-prying function, that is, the lock body has both an oblique bolt and a square bolt that can be ejected. It has a fast opening function, which is the best twist type, but it is not allowed to install a heaven and earth lock.

3. Locks and cat's eyes must have fire test reports. Class B fireproof entry doors can be fitted with door collars. Class A is not allowed.

4. The merchant must provide the fire type approval certificate, fire test report, and metal door inspection report during acceptance. Fire test report for locks and cat eyes.

5. The opening direction of the door leaf is the direction of rapid evacuation and cannot be opened inward.

Wooden fire door

This standard specifies the product classification, specifications, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking packaging, transportation and storage of wooden thermal insulation fire doors. This standard applies to fire doors using wood or timber products as door frames, door leaf skeletons, and door leaf panels.

The difference between electric fire door and ordinary fire door:

difference:

Emergency and statistical functions, the system can automatically display the physical location of the designated cardholder on the computer, which is convenient for timely contact.

In case of an emergency such as a fire alarm, the electronically controlled fire door will open automatically to facilitate escape, and the entrance can also be automatically opened; when an illegal entry or exit occurs, an automatic alarm will be issued;

National Standard for Wooden Thermal Insulation Fire Doors

Wooden heat insulation fire doors refer to wooden doors made of wood or wood products for door frames, door leaf skeletons, door panels, and doors filled with heat-insulating materials or wood or wood products for door frames and door leaves. Type A can also be installed on door leaves as required. Above the composite fire-resistant glass and door leaf are bright windows made of door frames and Class A composite fire-resistant glass, and equipped with fire-resistant hardware accessories, which can meet the requirements of fire integrity and heat insulation.

According to the fire resistance limit, wooden heat insulation fire doors are divided into three categories: Class A, B, and C. The fire resistance requirements are 90min, 60min, and 30min, respectively. The wood used to make solid wood fire doors needs to be dried and flame-retardant. The moisture content should not be greater than 12%. When restricted by conditions, the moisture content during its production should not be greater than the local equilibrium moisture content.

The hardware fittings for wooden heat insulation fire doors must be fire resistant hardware fittings. The main hardware fittings are: fire hinges (hinges), fire latches, fire door locks, fire sequencers and fire door closers.

Fire resistance of wooden heat-insulated fire doors When testing fire resistance, wooden heat-insulated fire doors should be able to meet the conditions specified in the standard within the time required for their fire resistance.

Completeness:

1. No flames burning continuously for more than 10s on the back surface;

2. If there are cracks, holes or other pores on the fire back surface without flame, the combustibles with a distance of 20mm ~ 30mm from these pores cannot be ignited within 10s ~ 30s;

3. The sample must not collapse.

Thermal insulation:

When the average temperature rise of the temperature measurement point on the solid wood fire door should reach 140 ° C or the temperature rise of any temperature measurement point reaches 180 ° C, the insulation property is judged to be lost.

When performing a product consistency check on site, the following should be checked:

1.Whether the product appearance is consistent with the standard requirements;

2.Is the product identification consistent with the standard requirements?

3.Whether the product structure is consistent with the test report;

4.Whether the material of the product is consistent with the test report;

5. Whether the performance parameters of the product are consistent with the test report.

Fire door has the characteristics of smooth and flat surface, beautiful appearance, flexible opening, sturdy and durable, easy to use, safe and reliable. There are various specifications of fire doors, except for doors that are prescribed by the unified modulus system of national building door and window openings.

There are many types of fire doors, such as glazed fire doors, stainless steel fire doors, and ordinary steel fire doors, but the installation methods are basically the same according to the site conditions. There are some common installation parameters that must be paid attention to.
First, the installation of fire doors should be adapted to the type of fire door used.
Second, the door frame of the fire door can be fixed to the wall with expansion bolts, or iron parts can be embedded in the opening when the wall is built, and the connection with the door frame should be welded firmly during installation.
3. Regardless of the connection method between the door frame and the wall, there should not be less than 3 anchor points on each side, and they should be firmly connected.
4. When installing the fire door, it should be straightened and hung up first, and then temporarily fixed after the size is appropriate, and adjusted and adjusted. The connection and anchoring can be performed only after it is correct.
Fifth, the sliding door is required to be flexible after installation; the casement door is easy to open and closed tightly.
6. Door closers must be installed on fire doors, and sequencers must be installed on opposite doors.
Seven, hardware accessories such as handles and fire locks on fire doors must be complete;
8. The clearance from the ground plane should be no more than 5mm.

Steel fire doors are moderately priced, but they are large, laborious to open, monotonous, and not aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, they are mostly used in industrial buildings and general-grade civil buildings, or in buildings where the aesthetic requirements are low and the traffic is usually small (such as (Machine room, garage, etc.); on the contrary, wooden fire doors have light weight, flexible opening and closing, good appearance decoration, and many patterns, but the price is high, and they are mostly used in high-grade civil buildings or important occasions in buildings. . In general, the maximum opening size applicable to each fire door is about 3.3m high, 1.1m wide-single, and 3.0m double. In addition to setting fire doors in strict accordance with the requirements, places, widths, grades, and opening directions in the engineering design, we should also pay attention to:

Fire doors are generally located on evacuation paths (such as stairwells, front rooms, walkways, etc.). A little care in the design of the building plan may cause the door to block the evacuation path and reduce its effective width, which violates the basic requirements for evacuation . This phenomenon is particularly prominent at the turn of the evacuation route and in high-rise houses, which should be paid attention to and avoided.

Evacuation openings to adjacent areas

Under certain conditions, when there are Class A fire doors leading to adjacent fire zones, only one safety exit is allowed in each zone in high-rise buildings. It should be noted that because the fire door can only be opened one way, if two adjacent partitions have only one security exit, two fire doors should be set on the firewall and opened to both sides to meet the two partitions. The need for evacuation.

The most commonly used is a normally closed fire door. Its door is always closed, and it is manually opened by personnel when passing, and closed by the rear door. If push-bolt hardware is installed, it will be more conducive to speeding up the evacuation. However, the normally closed fire doors installed in public passages have the disadvantages of affecting ventilation and lighting, blocking vision, and inconvenience during normal use, such as poor management, and their door closers and opening and closing hardware are often damaged and fail, causing hidden safety hazards. . The emergence of the normally open fire door just solves the above problem. Usually, its door leaf is fixed in the open position by the door locker. When the fire occurs, the door locker is automatically released and the same function as the normally closed fire door is restored. Due to the addition of a door fixer and an automatic release system, and sometimes linkage with an automatic alarm system, the use of a normally open fire door is bound to increase the cost of the project. The current fire protection code does not dictate the opening and closing methods of fire doors. The designer can comprehensively consider the standard of the building, the characteristics of the use site, the management needs of the building user and economic factors.

Fire doors are divided according to material: there are steel fire doors and wooden fire doors. There are some differences in the details of the installation methods. It is also slightly different from the fire rating. Everyone must pay attention to details when installing.

First, when wooden fire doors are installed,

Fire doors are particularly important as the first level of home fire protection, but when you buy a low-quality fire door, the fire door no longer fires. What should you do? The fire department of our city investigated and dealt with and destroyed a batch of inferior fire doors with honeycomb paper instead of fire-proof filling materials. Here, the firefighters introduced a few tricks to buy high-quality fire doors. According to regulations, steel and wooden fire doors can be divided into three categories: Class A, B, and C. The fire resistance requirements are 90 minutes, 60 minutes, and 30 minutes, respectively. Drying and

Extensive publicity and education on the use, maintenance and management of fire protection facilities within the jurisdiction of the department in charge of fire control, and strive to improve people's awareness of fire prevention and self-protection; , Strive to let every employee understand the basic knowledge of the use, maintenance and management of fire door maintenance, consciously participate in the maintenance, management of the door of life, so that it is always in a state of readiness; post fire door repair use, function and Easy to use and basic requirements for use, write in a conspicuous position on the maintenance of normally closed fire doors: "Maintenance of normally closed fire doors, please close at any time" Let customers and the public understand the basic common sense of fire door repairs; launch publicity to protect fire facilities Activities to mobilize everyone to participate in the protection of fire protection facilities such as fire door repairs.

New fire door

1. Electrically controlled automatic release devices are required for normally open fire doors;
2. The requirements for fire-resistant glass are more detailed;
3. Added the test method for the quality of the door leaf of fire doors;
4. Increase begging test method for door leaf width direction;
5. Added the test method for the gap between the door and the frame's abutment surface;
6. The begging test method that increases the flexibility of fire doors;
7. Added begging test method for fire door reliability;
8. Improved the test method for the twist of wooden fire doors;
9. Added the method of measuring the overlap between door leaf and door frame;
Judgment criteria

1. The main changes of the new national standard of fire doors compared with GB 12955-1991 and GB 14101-1993 are as follows:
2. Added classification according to the function of fire doors, which are divided into normally open fire doors, normally closed fire doors, and mobile fire doors;
3. The fire resistance classification of fire doors has been modified, from the original classification of A, B and C, to this version according to "insulated fire doors (type A)" and "partially insulated fire doors (type B)" And "non-insulated fire doors (Class C)" classification;
4. The requirements for fire door materials are more comprehensive and detailed. For materials other than metal materials, requirements for the material combustion function and the toxicity of material combustion smoke have been added;
5. Deleted the requirements for the wind pressure deformation resistance, air penetration resistance and rainwater penetration resistance of wooden fire doors used as exterior doors of buildings;
6. The functional requirements of fire locks are more detailed

1. The fire door industry also belongs to an emerging industry with huge market capacity and market potential.

2. Due to the high qualification threshold of fire doors, manufacturers who can really enter the fire door industry still have

On February 10, 2014, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the Ministry of Public Security, and the State Accreditation Administration jointly issued an announcement to decide on household fire alarm products, combustible gas alarm products, fire doors, portable fire extinguishers, fire emergency lighting, and evacuation instruction products. Fire protection products are subject to compulsory product certification (ie "CCC certification").

Effective from September 1, 2015. Fire protection products included in this compulsory product certification catalogue, which have not obtained the compulsory product certification certificate and are not marked with the compulsory product certification mark, shall not be shipped, sold, imported or used in other business activities.