What Is a Jaw Crusher?

Jaw crusher is commonly known as jaw crusher, also known as tiger mouth. A crushing cavity composed of two jaw plates, a moving jaw and a stationary jaw, which simulates the movement of the two jaws of an animal to complete the crushing operation of the material. Widely used in the smelting of various ore and bulk materials in mining smelting, building materials, highway, railway, water conservancy and chemical industries. The highest compressive strength of the crushed material is 320Mpa.

Modern

Jaw crusher in mining, building materials,

As for the jaw crusher, although the structure types are different, their working principles are basically similar, except that the moving trajectory of the moving jaw is different. In summary, when the movable jaw plate periodically reciprocates the fixed jaw plate around the suspension axis, sometimes approaching and leaving, just as the movable jaw plate approaches the fixed jaw plate, the ore between the two jaw plates , Crushed by the combined action of crushing, splitting and bending break; when the movable jaw plate leaves the fixed jaw plate, the broken ore is discharged through the discharge port of the crusher under the action of gravity.

1. Effectively solve the problems of high operating rate and no maintenance time caused by the low output of the original limestone crusher.

2. It can complete the crushing of large pieces of limestone, with a maximum crushing particle size of 1000 * 1200mm, which effectively solves the original problem of "on the one hand, the supply of limestone is tight and the large number of large pieces of limestone cannot be used".

3. The mixing uniformity of the two materials is good, and the amount of desulfurized limestone is greatly increased. The blending amount can reach 60%, which effectively reduces the cost of raw materials.

4. Power consumption has decreased. 1 ton of limestone power consumption can be reduced by 1-2KWh / t, which can save 100,000 yuan per year.

5. The particle size of the waste is small, only 2-15mm, which effectively solves the problem that the original limestone has a large particle size, often blocks the slide and even affects the output of the mill. ^[4]

No-load test run

(1) The jaw crusher runs continuously for 2 hours, and the temperature rise of the bearing must not exceed 30 ° C.

(2) All fasteners should be firm and free from looseness.

(3) The flywheel and groove wheel run smoothly.

(4) All friction parts are free from abrasion, chipping and grinding, and there are no abnormal sounds.

(5) The adjustment device of the discharge opening should be able to ensure the adjustment range of the discharge opening.

2. On-board test run

Lubrication

(1) Always pay attention to and timely lubricate the friction surface, which can ensure the normal operation of the machine and

(1) Only after the crusher is running normally can it be put into production.

(2) The material to be crushed should be evenly added to the crusher cavity, and side feeding or stacking should be avoided to avoid unilateral overload or overload.

(3) During normal operation, the temperature rise of the bearing should not exceed 30 ° C, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 70 ° C. When it exceeds the above temperature, it should stop immediately, find out the cause and eliminate it.

(4) Before stopping, the feeding should be stopped first, and the power can only be turned off after the material in the crushing chamber is completely discharged.

(5) During crushing, if the vehicle is stopped due to blockage of the material in the crushing chamber, the power should be turned off immediately to stop the operation, and the material in the crushing chamber should be cleaned before starting again.

(6) After one end of the jaw plate is worn, the adjustable head can be used.

(7) After using the crusher for a period of time, the adapter sleeve should be loose and damage the machine.

The jaw crusher is subject to large torque or vibration during operation, which often causes transmission system failures. The common ones are: abrasion of the shaft head and hub caused by the gap between the pulley and the shaft head, and bearing position wear caused by the eccentric shaft Wait.

After the above problems occur, the traditional maintenance method is to ream the wheel hub.

1. According to the use situation, a protective cover should be set above the crushed stone rolling trough to prevent the crushed stone from falling out of the rolling trough and hurting people.

2. Before starting the machine, in order to remove the sundries in and around the crusher, it is necessary to check the various lubricating parts and move it by hand for several times. The various institutions are flexible to allow the machine to start.

3. When the crusher is working, it is strictly forbidden to remove the stones from the slabs by hand. If there is a failure, it should be handled with crowbar, iron hook and other tools.

4. If the machine is stopped due to the blockage of the material in the crushing chamber, the motor should be turned off immediately, and the material should be started before starting to clean up.

5. When adjusting the discharge opening, loosen the tightening spring first. After adjusting, adjust the tension of the spring and tighten the bolts properly to prevent the liner from falling off during work.

6. When the crusher works, it is necessary to prevent the stones from being embedded in the tension spring, which affects the strength of the spring.

It is common that the fuselage of the hammer crusher that has been inspected and installed for the first time undergoes strong vibration during trial operation. There are several reasons for this:

(1) The hammer blade was incorrectly installed in the maintenance assembly. When the hammer blades are turned and used, in order to prevent the rotor weight from being out of balance, all hammers in the crusher must be turned and turned around together, otherwise strong vibration will occur during operation.

(2) The difference between the weights of the two sets of hammers exceeds 5 grams. The method of elimination is to adjust the weight of the hammers so that the difference between the two sets of weights is less than 5 grams.

(3) Some hammers are stuck too tightly, and they are not thrown off during operation. You can observe by hand after stopping to find a way to make the hammer rotate flexibly.

(4) The weight of other parts on the rotor is unbalanced. At this time, carefully check and adjust the balance separately.

(5) The main shaft is bent and deformed. The solution is to straighten or replace.

(6) The bearing clearance exceeds the limit or is damaged. Replacement of new bearings is usually used to solve the problem. ^[5]

During the design, the broken jaws of the movable jaw and the fixed jaw should have peaks and valleys. In this way, in addition to the crushing effect on the material during crushing, there is also a bending effect, and the material is more easily broken. In order to enhance the service life of the crushing plate, the crushing plate of the small and medium-sized crusher is designed to be symmetrical up and down, and the adjustable head can be used when the lower part is worn. The crushing plate of the large jaw crusher is designed to be symmetrical to each other so that the Replace the broken plate for use. The material of the crushing plate can be white cast iron. White cast iron has higher hardness, better wear resistance, easy source, and cheaper price; the disadvantages are brittleness, easy breakage, and short service life. In order to improve the service life of the crushed plate, it is better to use manganese steel containing more than 12% manganese. ZGMn13 is commonly used. Manganese steel has better toughness. Although the hardness is not high (approximately 210 HB), because of its cold working hardening characteristics, it will be continuously strengthened under the pressure. Therefore, it will continue to wear and strengthen in the work until it is unable to Scrap before use. After casting, the manganese steel crushed plate must be subjected to water toughening. The operation of water toughening is basically the same as quenching, that is, the cast manganese steel crushed plate is heated to 1 000 to 1 100 and then quickly cooled in water. After the water-toughening treatment, a uniform metallographic structure can be obtained and the metallographic structure can be fixed, which avoids the natural phase change in use and the deterioration of performance. The disadvantage of manganese steel is that it is more expensive, but in terms of service life and cost, ZGMn13 has a longer service life and lower cost than white cast iron.

When assembling, the crushing plate must be firmly attached to the E plate. The two should be leveled. A soft metal (such as lead, zinc, etc.) should be used as a gasket between the crushing plate and the jaw plate.

Make a general understanding of the factors affecting the production capacity of jaw crusher. In general, there are many factors that affect the production capacity of a jaw crusher.

1. Material hardness: The harder the material, the more difficult it is to break up, and the more severe the wear on the equipment. The crushing speed is slow and the ability is low. Therefore, we need to pay attention to the selection of materials.

2. Material composition: The more fine powder contained in the material in front of the jaw crusher, the more it affects the sand making, because these fine powders are easy to adhere and affect the transportation. Therefore, for materials with a large amount of fine powder, they should be sieved once in advance. The fine powder is screened out of the material as much as possible, so as not to affect the normal operation of the jaw crusher.

3. The fineness of the crushed material of the jaw crusher: The fineness requirement is high, that is, the finer the material from the crusher, the smaller the crushing capacity. This aspect depends on specific requirements. If there is no special requirement, the fineness of the material can be set to medium fine.

4, the viscosity of the material: the greater the viscosity of the material, the easier it is to adhere. Materials with high viscosity will adhere to the inner wall of the crushing cavity in the jaw crusher. If it is not cleaned in time, it will affect the work efficiency of the jaw crusher, and in severe cases may affect the normal work of the jaw crusher. Therefore, when selecting materials, it must be noted that the viscosity of the materials is not easy to be too large.

5. Humidity of the material: When the moisture contained in the material is large, the material is easy to adhere in the jaw crusher, and it is also easy to cause blockage during the feeding and conveying process, which reduces the sand making capacity. ^[6]

Check

Extend the service life of jaw crusher jaw plate This is the most concern for customers who use jaw crusher. The jaw plate is the main part of the jaw crusher and its main wearing parts. As long as its life is guaranteed, the service life of the entire equipment is also guaranteed.
In the jaw crusher, the wear of the dynamic and static jaw plate can cause the crusher to not operate normally and lose the crushing ability. Ensuring the normality of the jaw plate can ensure the normal production of the jaw crusher. The methods to extend the service life of the jaw plate and reduce wear are:
The crusher will have wear during the working process. This wear can be reduced and unavoidable. Wear will shorten the life of the machine, so it is minimized. The crushing machinery also wears out during the processing of the ore. In order to minimize the loss of mechanical parts, firstly, it is necessary to insist on the scientific selection of models; secondly, the rational use and selection of materials. Improper selection will cause long-term passive production in the factory, and lighter consumption will cause frequent consumption.
The crushing methods include mixed crushing and pre-screening crushing. Mixed crushing refers to the production process in which two raw materials in cement production are sent to a crusher for crushing according to a certain ratio. Common mixed crushing include limestone and marl, limestone and shale, limestone and clay, etc .; screening the raw materials before crushing, and only crushing the sieves, can often achieve good results. ^[5]