What Is a Radio Mast?

Buildings and structures used for the production of radio and television programs and transmission of programs in an open way, including broadcasting centers, television center buildings and transmission towers, microwave towers, and microwave stations.

Radio and television architecture

Right!

Buildings and structures used for the production of radio and television programs and transmission of programs in an open way, including broadcasting centers, television center buildings and transmission towers, microwave towers, and microwave stations.

Chinese name

Radio and television architecture

Use

Production of radio and television programs

Belong to

building

Make up

Broadcasting center, television center building and transmission tower

Buildings and structures used to produce radio and television programs and to transmit the programs in an open way, including broadcasting centers, television center buildings and transmission towers, microwave towers, microwave stations, etc. The broadcasting center and the television center can be constructed jointly or separately.

A brief history of radio broadcasts began in the United States in 1906 with broadcast trials. By the early 1920s, some countries had successively established radio broadcast towers. The ABC installed its transmitting antenna on top of the Empire State Building in 1931 to conduct the earliest television broadcast experiments. In the early stage of the development of radio and television, radio and television antennas were generally erected on top of high towers or high-rise buildings built for other purposes, and radio and television center buildings were also rebuilt with old houses. The earliest stand-alone reinforced concrete TV tower was the Stuttgart Tower constructed by Federal Republic of Germany in 1956; the earliest steel TV tower was the Tokyo Tower built in Japan in 1958; the first large-scale TV center was the BBC's London TV Center , Followed by the Paris Television Centre of the French Broadcasting Authority. In 1950, China established the Central People's Broadcasting Station in Beijing, and CCTV was co-founded with it. In 1987, Beijing set up the CCTV color TV center.

Design requirements The design focus of the radio and television building is the broadcast studio, television studio and launch pad.

The design of radio studios and television studios are both places for recording programs and live programs, and are an important part of radio and television architecture. Broadcast studios and television studios should be selected in a quiet environment and with low noise interference. They can be built independently on a single floor or combined in a multi-story building. The architectural plane is mostly rectangular or circular, and each studio is arranged on the periphery; technical rooms and facilities such as acquisition, editing, recording, and broadcasting are concentrated in the central area. Broadcast studios have higher requirements for architectural acoustics than television studios. The design of a TV studio must also consider its requirements for video technology, electromagnetic shielding, lighting, air conditioning, and shock resistance. The design requirements are described as follows: Plan layout. TV studios include integrated arts, news, education, music, dialogue and other studios. Large studios are generally 800 to 1200 square meters, medium studios are 400 to 800 square meters, and small studios are 200 to 400 square meters. The construction area ratio of TV studios, technical control rooms and auxiliary rooms is generally 1: 5 or 1: 6. Section design. Studio height depends on factors such as area, sky height, acoustic requirements, lighting, ventilation, and equipment layout. Generally large studios are 9-12 meters high, and medium and small studios are 5-7 meters high. Sound quality design. Various kinds of noise are easy to be produced during the TV show. The factors affecting the reverberation frequency characteristics are many and complicated, so the sound quality design of TV studio is very important. Multi-channel stereo recording is used in the broadcasting studio recording, with strong sound absorption structure and short reverberation time, or a combination of strong sound absorption, artificial reverberation and natural reverberation in the same space to meet the recording technology and sound quality requirements. Increase the range of the reverberation time (see Studio Sound Quality Design). The reverberation standard for TV studios is: the reverberation time for large studios is 1.0 to 1.4 seconds, and the reverberation time for small and medium studios is less than 0.95 seconds. Shielding design. If the TV studio is close to the TV tower or there are strong electromagnetic fields, electric sparks and other interference around it, indoor and outdoor shielding should be considered. Generally, metal grids are used, and steel plates can also be used. Lighting design. Literary and art studios have higher requirements for lighting arrangement, illumination, and color temperature. Color TVs have a vertical illuminance of 1000 to 2000 lux. Ground design. The floor of the TV studio needs to be flat and smooth, and it can make a variety of hard scenes that can withstand heavy setting props. Generally use cement floor and smooth.

The design of the launching station The broadcasting and television launching station generally consists of a transmitter room, a control room, a transformer room (including its own generator), an air-conditioning room, and a warehouse. To ensure safe broadcasting, the transmitter room should have good natural ventilation, dustproof, insect-proof and fireproof facilities. If the radio and television transmitter room adopts automatic control, fire-fighting equipment for automatic fire alarm and automatic fire fighting shall be provided.

The radio and television centre buildings are mostly separated from the transmitter rooms. The transmitter room should be arranged near or in conjunction with the transmission tower to shorten the feeder and reduce energy consumption. Mast cables are usually used to set up broadcast transmitting antennas. The mast cable is simple in structure, small in weight, convenient in construction, but covers a large area. Therefore, it is mostly located in the suburbs of cities. Set up television and FM transmitting antennas. In the plains, the tops of high-rise buildings are mostly used. TV masts and towers can also be used to build free-standing steel or reinforced concrete structures. In mountains, they can use high mountains.