What Is a Common Rafter?

The R factor has a gene group that makes the host bacteria resistant to antibiotics such as streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, or sulfa agents. Like the F factor, the factor is transferred by conjugation. Resistance, which brings a lot of trouble to the treatment.

R factor

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The R factor has the effect of

R is the initial word for the word resistance. This plasmid. Since the discovery of the R-factor in Japan in the second half of the 1950s, Watari et al. (1969) have studied this. Many other countries have isolated many R factors. Various R factors are now known.

R factor discovery

Some of the resistant plasmid R factors can also be transmitted by conjugation, while others cannot be transmitted. The R factor was discovered by Japanese scholars in 1959. They analyzed a group of dysentery bacilli isolated from the stools of dysentery patients who were not treated with commonly used antibiotics, and found that one of the bacteria's genes was resistant to several antibiotics at the same time. This gene is found in the cytoplasm and can be passed between bacteria in a manner similar to the F factor. It was later discovered that in such plasmids, in addition to r-segment DNA that determines drug resistance, transferers (RTF, Resistance trarnsfer factor) can also be transferred by conjugation. RTF determines the formation of pili and is transmitted by conjugation. If there is only r section and no RTF section, it cannot be passed through the joint. It must be driven by a transitive plasmid, phage-transduced, or transformed into recipient bacteria.

R factor clinical application

The problem of R factor determining bacterial resistance is a big problem in clinical treatment. The mechanism by which R factor determines drug resistance has been known as follows: 1. The plasmid gene can encode a variety of purified enzymes, such as the Staphylococcus aureus drug-resistant plasmid encoding penicillinase and the ampicillin-resistant enteric bacteria plasmid. An enzyme capable of hydrolyzing the -lactam ring. 2. R factor prevents the tetracycline from entering the bacterial cells by controlling the permeability of some bacterial cell membranes. 3. R factor makes bacteria resistant by preventing antibiotics from binding to the site of action (target) in the bacterial cell. For example, erythromycin prevents protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosomes. Factor R encodes a methylase, which makes erythromycin unable to bind to it by methylating certain molecules on the ribosome and loses its effect. Because the R factor can be transferred between bacteria of different species and genus, some dysentery bacillus can obtain R factor from resistant E. coli and become resistant, even if they have not been in contact with the drug. At present, some scholars advocate that the R factor plasmid resistance map of bacteria in hospitals should be understood in time, and antibiotics should be selected in turn to achieve better treatment results.