What Is a Rail Conveyor?

The mechanization of railway cargo loading and unloading refers to the main steps of loading and unloading operations in public places at railway stations, which basically use various power-driven loading and unloading machinery and various spreaders and rigging to cooperate with each other. A mechanized system consisting of the same or different complexes of machinery, equipment, and depots. The loading and unloading mechanized system can be divided into simple systems and complex systems according to the number of loading and unloading machines. The former system consists of only one main machine, such as forklift operation; the latter consists of multiple machines, including one main machine, such as unloading. Coal unloading mechanized system composed of coal machine and belt conveyor. In general, the proportion of loading and unloading machinery operations is more than 70%, it can be considered that the basic realization of loading and unloading mechanization, reaching 90% or more, that is to realize the loading and unloading mechanization. To increase the proportion of railway cargo loading and unloading mechanization, it is necessary to widely use efficient loading and unloading machinery; reform vehicles and develop special vehicles according to the needs of cargo transportation and loading and unloading operations; carry out container and containerized transport; centralize loading and unloading operations, and establish specialized freight yards; Standardization, serialization, and generalization of machinery; development from the mechanization of individual operations to the mechanization and automation of comprehensive operations. ^[1]

Mechanization of railway cargo handling

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The mechanization of railway cargo loading and unloading refers to the main steps of loading and unloading operations in public places at railway stations, which basically use various power-driven loading and unloading machinery and various spreaders and rigging to cooperate with each other. A mechanized system consisting of the same or different complexes of machinery, equipment, and depots. The loading and unloading mechanized system can be divided into simple systems and complex systems according to the number of loading and unloading machines. The former system consists of only one main machine, such as forklift operation; the latter consists of multiple machines, including one main machine, such as unloading. Coal unloading mechanized system composed of coal machine and belt conveyor. In general, the proportion of loading and unloading machinery operations is more than 70%, it can be considered that the basic realization of loading and unloading mechanization, reaching 90% or more, that is to realize the loading and unloading mechanization. To increase the proportion of railway cargo loading and unloading mechanization, it is necessary to widely use efficient loading and unloading machinery; reform vehicles and develop special vehicles according to the needs of cargo transportation and loading and unloading operations; carry out container and containerized transport; centralize loading and unloading operations, and establish specialized freight yards; Standardization, serialization, and generalization of machinery; development from the mechanization of individual operations to the mechanization and automation of comprehensive operations. ^[1]

The realization of railway cargo handling mechanization has developed from semi-mechanization to single operation mechanization, and then to comprehensive operation mechanization. In the early 1960s, in order to improve the efficiency of loading and unloading and realize the mechanization of integrated operations, some industrialized countries took many measures, including: centralized loading and unloading operations, closing of business stations with small freight volumes, establishment of base stations, and professionalization of freight stations. ;development of

At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the loading and unloading of railway cargo was almost entirely dependent on manpower. At the end of the 1950s, the railway was required to realize semi-mechanization of loading and unloading operations (that is, bulky cargo booms, slippery bulk cargoes, and bulk cargo platforms and carts), and a batch of more efficient unloading coal was trial-produced. Machines, gantry cranes and forklifts. Later, the railway loading and unloading machinery factory and maintenance plant were gradually established, and a large number of coal unloaders, sand loaders, gantry cranes and forklifts were manufactured, and container and containerized transportation were carried out, a major step for the realization of railway loading and unloading mechanization. . There are 11 types of lifting capacity used by Chinese railways: 1 ton, 3 ton, 5 ton, 8 ton, 10 ton, 16 ton, 20 ton, 30 ton, 32 ton, 50 ton, and 100 ton. By the end of 1984, the proportion of railway loading and unloading machinery operations in China had reached 52%, and the labor productivity was 460 tons per person per month. The future development trend is: widely use high-efficiency loading and unloading machinery; reform vehicles and develop special vehicles according to the needs of cargo transportation and loading and unloading operations; carry out container and containerized transportation; centralized loading and unloading operations, and establish specialized cargo yards; Standardize, serialize, and generalize work; and develop from single operation mechanization to comprehensive operation mechanization and automation.