What is Industrial Water Waste?

Industrial wastewater (industrial wastewater) includes production wastewater, production wastewater and cooling water, which refers to wastewater and waste liquid produced in the industrial production process, which contains industrial production materials, intermediate products, by-products that are lost with water, and production Pollutants. There are many types of industrial wastewater with complex components. For example, the electrolytic salt industrial wastewater contains mercury, the heavy metal smelting industrial wastewater contains various metals such as lead and cadmium, the electroplating industrial wastewater contains various heavy metals such as cyanide and chromium, the petroleum refining industrial wastewater contains phenol, and pesticide manufacturing industrial wastewater Contains various pesticides. Since industrial wastewater often contains a variety of toxic substances, polluting the environment is very harmful to human health. Therefore, comprehensive development and utilization should be developed to turn harm into profit, and according to the composition and concentration of pollutants in wastewater, corresponding purification measures should be taken for disposal. Before it can be discharged. ^[1]

Industrial wastewater refers to the wastewater, sewage and waste liquid produced in the industrial production process, which contains industrial production materials, intermediate products and products that are lost with the water, and pollutants generated during the production process. With the rapid development of industry, the types and quantity of wastewater have increased rapidly, and the pollution of water bodies has become increasingly extensive and serious, threatening human health and safety. Therefore, for the protection of the environment, the treatment of industrial wastewater is more important than the treatment of municipal wastewater. ^[1]

There are usually three types:

The first is classified according to the chemical properties of the main pollutants contained in industrial wastewater. The inorganic wastewater mainly contains inorganic wastewater, and the organic wastewater contains organic pollutants. E.g

(1) The non-toxic production process shall be preferentially selected to replace or reform the backward production process, and the production of toxic and harmful wastewater shall be eliminated or reduced as much as possible in the production process.

(2) During the use of toxic raw materials and the production of toxic intermediate products and products, strict operation and supervision shall be adopted to eliminate drips and reduce leakage, and reasonable procedures and equipment shall be adopted as far as possible.

(3) Wastewater containing highly toxic substances, such as containing some heavy metals, radioactive substances, high-concentration phenol, and cyanide wastewater should be diverted from other wastewater in order to treat and recover useful substances.

The pollution caused by industrial wastewater mainly includes: organic aerobic substance pollution, chemical poison pollution, no pollution

A characteristic of industrial wastewater is that the quality and quantity of water vary greatly depending on the production process and method. Wastewater from sectors such as electricity and mining mainly contains inorganic pollutants, while paper and food

Difficult to handle high concentrations

GB354583 Vegetable Sugar Industry

Wastewater oxidation-reduction method: the toxic and harmful substances dissolved in wastewater are passed through

The industrial wastewater of the enterprise is mainly distributed in the electronics, plastic, electroplating, hardware, printing, food, printing and dyeing industries. From industrial wastewater discharge and

1 Strengthen the management of industrial pollution sources Promote various environmental management systems, strengthen the environmental management of industrial enterprises, attach importance to the pollution control of large and medium-sized enterprises, and strengthen the environmental management of small and medium-sized enterprises. Continue to implement the enterprise pollutant discharge declaration and registration system, sewage charge system and sewage permit system, strengthen the monitoring of pollution sources, regulate sewage outlets, constantly monitor the operation of industrial wastewater treatment facilities, and eliminate outdated production capabilities and processes and equipment. Strict management is required for new projects, and strict approval is required in accordance with the requirements for total pollutant discharge control.

2 Improve the sewage charge system and promote the operation of industrial wastewater treatment facilities. Make appropriate adjustments to the sewage charge system, re-determine the sewage charge principle, charging method, and its management and use principles, establish a new sewage charge mechanism, and make the sewage charge system beneficial to business operations Industrial wastewater treatment facilities.

Technical measures for prevention and control of industrial wastewater pollution

1. Product perfection: adjust product structure and optimize product formula composition;

2. Control of waste generation sources: optimization of energy, raw materials and production processes, transformation and innovation of process equipment

3. Comprehensive waste utilization: recovery and reuse;

4. Improve production management: post responsibility system, employee training system, assessment system), end-of-line processing (determination of processing level-optimization of processing technology and process flow-compliance with standards).

1. Industrial wastewater directly flows into channels, rivers and lakes pollute surface water. If the toxicity is large, it will lead to the death or even extinction of aquatic plants and animals.

2. Industrial wastewater may also penetrate into the groundwater, pollute the groundwater, and then pollute crops;

3. If the surrounding residents use polluted surface water or groundwater as domestic water, it will endanger their health and cause serious death;

4. Industrial wastewater penetrates into the soil, causing soil pollution. Affects the growth of microorganisms in plants and soil.

5. Some industrial wastewater also has an unpleasant stench that pollutes the air.

6. Toxic and harmful substances in industrial wastewater will remain in the body through passive plant feeding and absorption, and then reach the human body through the food chain, causing harm to the human body.

The environmental damage caused by industrial wastewater is considerable.

Industrial wastewater treatment and reuse is one of the important water-saving ways, which can involve cooling, ash removal, circulating water, heat and other systems. The cooling water system is mainly used cyclically, sequentially and stepwise according to the different water quality requirements of the system. The thermal system is mainly used for steam recovery. The drainage of other systems is mainly used for hydraulic ash and slag removal and further processing of miscellaneous production and domestic water As make-up water for cooling system.

Most enterprises have sewage treatment plants, but they are only limited to direct discharge of production wastewater and domestic sewage after meeting the standards. Only a few companies can achieve wastewater treatment and reuse, but the reuse rate is not high, resulting in serious waste of water resources. Therefore, the reuse of sewage and wastewater from industrial enterprises, especially for the production process, has great potential to be tapped.

In the production and operation of the enterprise, according to the different requirements for water quality in each process, water can be used in series to the maximum extent, so that each process can be taken separately to achieve the cascade use of water, thereby reducing water intake and achieving sewage discharge. It can also take different water treatment methods according to the different properties of sewage and wastewater, and reuse them in different production steps, thereby reducing the amount of fresh water taken and the amount of sewage discharged.

The potential for water saving in wastewater treatment and reuse is great. The transportation equipment manufacturing industry can treat oily wastewater, electrophoretic wastewater, cutting fluid wastewater, and cleaning fluid wastewater, etc., for reuse in greening, miscellaneous uses, and production. In the petrochemical industry, in the organic production process, steam condensate water can be recycled for use as make-up water in the circulation system; production well water can be recycled for use as make-up water in the circulation system; and a deep-water treatment device for reuse water can be added to treat the treated water. As the make-up water of the circulation system; some coolers and special parts need process water cooling, and the reuse water can also be considered. The textile printing and dyeing industry is an industrial industry with a large amount of water. The wastewater discharged from different production processes in the production process can be treated and then reused in this process, or the entire wastewater can be reused in whole or in part. The beer industry can install condensate recovery devices to effectively reduce boiler water supply; bottle washing water in the canning workshop can recover alkali , alkali water used in bottle washing machines, sterilizer water and equipment, plant hygiene, etc .; production water is treated And it is precipitated and pumped to various water points by pressure pumps, which can be used for boiler dust removal and desulfurization, slag removal, toilet flushing, greening and smashing of broken yards, car washing, construction site water, etc .; wheat dipping wastewater can be treated for reuse Dust removal and desulfurization of boilers. ^[13]