What Is Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration?

Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation technology that uses pressure as the driving force by the function of a selectively permeable (semi-permeable) membrane.

Reverse osmosis water treatment

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Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation technology that uses pressure as the driving force by the function of a selectively permeable (semi-permeable) membrane.

Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation technology that uses pressure as the driving force by the function of selective permeable (semi-permeable) membranes. When the pressure in the system is greater than the osmotic pressure of the aqueous solution, water molecules continuously penetrate the membrane. After flowing into the central tube through the water production flow channel, impurities such as ions, organics, bacteria, viruses, etc. flowing out at one end are trapped on the water inlet side of the membrane, and then flow out at the concentrated water outlet end to achieve

Reverse osmosis is the most precise membrane-based liquid separation technology. Operating pressure is applied on the inlet (concentrated solution) side to overcome the natural osmotic pressure. When the operating pressure higher than the natural osmotic pressure leaves the concentrated solution side, water molecules naturally permeate. The flow direction will be reversed, and the water molecules in the incoming water (concentrated solution) pass through the reverse osmosis membrane to become purified water on the dilute solution side. The reverse osmosis equipment can block all soluble salts and organic matter with a molecular weight greater than 100, but allows water The molecular penetration and reverse osmosis composite membrane desalting rate is generally greater than 98%. They are widely used in industrial pure water and electronic ultrapure water preparation, drinking pure water production, boiler feed water and other processes. The use of reverse osmosis equipment before ion exchange can greatly Discharge of water and waste water at the bottom.

Reverse osmosis has the highest filtration accuracy at present

The main reason for the decline in the performance of reverse osmosis membranes is that the membrane surface is contaminated, such as surface fouling, membrane surface clogging; or the physical and chemical changes of the membrane itself. The physical change is mainly due to the decrease in water permeability of the membrane caused by the compaction effect; the chemical change is mainly caused by the fluctuation of pH value, such as hydrolysis of cellulose acetate membrane; free chlorine will also deteriorate the performance of the aromatic polyamide membrane. The main reason for the fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane is caused by the deposition of the membrane surface and the growth of microorganisms. Among them, microorganisms not only block the membrane, but also have erosive damage to cellulose acetate. Therefore, a certain amount of residual chlorine must be maintained in the membrane, but the residual chlorine is too high, which will cause the membrane performance to decline. Therefore, the residual chlorine should be 0.1 ~ 0.5mg / L before the cellulose acetate membrane, and before the aromatic polyamide membrane The residual chlorine should be less than 0.1mg / L.

Reverse osmosis is a kind of reverse migration movement of osmosis, which is a separation method that separates the solute from the solvent in the solution by means of selective retention of a semi-permeable membrane under pressure. Its pore diameter is about 5-10A. It has been widely used in the purification and concentration of various liquids. The most common application example is in the water treatment process. Reverse osmosis technology can be used to remove inorganic ions, bacteria, viruses, organic substances and colloids in raw water. To obtain high quality purified water. At present, the most widely used is roll-type polyamide composite membrane. Its water flux and removal rate will be affected by pressure, temperature, recovery rate, salt content and pH value of incoming water.

Reverse osmosis water treatment equipment has the following uses:

1. Production of pure water and ultrapure water used in the electronics industry for manufacturing monocrystalline silicon semiconductor integrated circuit blocks, picture tubes, glass bulbs, liquid crystal displays and other manufacturing industries.

2. Water for the pharmaceutical industry: pharmaceutical, preparation process water, medical hemodialysis, biochemical analysis, infusion, etc.

3. Preparation of demineralized water and desalinated pure water for heating and thermal power generation boilers, medium and low pressure boilers in factories and mines.

4. It is used to produce drinking water, distilled water, natural water, mineral water, mineral water, pure water for liquor production, pure water for beer saccharification and pure draft beer filtration in the beverage industry.

5. High-quality water supply network system for hotels, buildings, communities, and swimming pool water purification.

6. Deionized water for electroplating process, pure water for battery (battery) production process, pure water for surface coating and cleaning of automobiles, household appliances, building materials, pure water for coated glass, and hardened salt water for textile printing and dyeing processes

7. Process water used in petrochemical industries such as chemical reaction cooling, chemical agents, fertilizers, fine chemicals, and cosmetics.

(1) Power industry: boiler make-up water, cooling dam;

(2) Electronics industry: ultra pure water for semiconductor industry, cleaning water for integrated circuits, formula water;

(3) Food industry: formula water, production water;

(4) Pharmaceutical industry: preparation of process water, preparation water, washing water, injection water and sterile water;

(5) Beverage industry: formula water, production water, washing water;

(6) Chemical industry: production water and wastewater treatment;

(7) Drinking water project: preparation of ultrapure water and purification of drinking water;

(8) Petrochemical industry: advanced treatment of oilfield injection water and petrochemical wastewater;

(9) Seawater desalination: production and domestic water in island areas, coastal water scarcity areas, ships, seawater oil fields, etc .;

(10) Environmental protection field: recovery of precious metals and water in electroplating rinsing water to achieve zero or micro emissions.