What is the process of semiconductor production?

semiconductors are the ubiquitous element of modern technologies. If they are assessed according to their ability to perform electricity, these devices fall between full conductors and insulators. They are used as part of a digital circuit on computers, radio, phones and other devices.

The semiconductor production process begins with the basic material. Semiconductors can be made of one of a dozen of such materials, including Germania, galium arsenide and several indias such as Indium antimonide and Indium phosphid. The most popular base material is silicon due to its low production costs, simple processing and temperature range.

As an example of silicon as an example, a semiconductor production process begins with silicon plate production. First, silicon is sliced ​​into round plates using the diamond tip of the saw. These wafers are then sorted by thickness and check damage. One side of the wafer is then etched in a chemical and polished mirror smoothly fineAll dirt and damage. Chips are built on the smooth side. This layer does not lead electricity, but helps to prepare material for photolithography. The production process also applies layers of patterns of the perimeter on the wafer after being covered in the layer of the photoresist, chemicals sensitive to light. The light then shone through the mesh and the lens mask, so the desired pattern of the perimeter is printed on the wafer.

Photoresist patterning is washed away using a number of organic solvents mixed in a process called Ashing. The process results in a three -dimensional (3D). The plate is then washed using wet chemicals and acids to eliminate any contaminants and residues. Multiple layers can be added by repeating the entire photolithography.

As soon as the layers are added, chemical areas are exposed to silicon plates to make them less conductive. This is done using doping atoms to pushsilicon atoms in the structure of the original wafer. It is difficult to control how many doping atoms is implanted in one area.

The final task in the production process of the semiconductor is the coating of the entire wafer surface in a thin layer of conductive metal. Copper is usually used. The metal layer is then polished to remove unwanted chemicals. Once the semiconductor production process is completed, the semiconductors are completed thoroughly.