What Are Ephedrine Side Effects?

Ephedrine hydrochloride is a white needle-like crystal or crystalline powder, and is the hydrochloride salt of ephedrine. Taking ephedrine can significantly increase the excitement of athletes, and have great side effects on the athletes themselves. Therefore, these drugs are stimulants strictly prohibited by the International Olympic Committee. At the same time, ephedrine hydrochloride is also an important raw material for the manufacture of methamphetamine and has been included in the management of precursor chemicals. Due to the illegal sale and purchase of ephedrine-containing compound preparations for the manufacture of drugs, pharmaceutical preparations containing ephedrine hydrochloride components have been selectively replaced by beta receptor agonists.

Ephedrine hydrochloride

Ephedrine hydrochloride is a white needle-like crystal or crystalline powder, and is the hydrochloride salt of ephedrine. Taking ephedrine can significantly increase the excitement of athletes, and have great side effects on the athletes themselves. Therefore, these drugs belong to

Common name: Ephedrine hydrochloride

Chemical name: (1R, 2S) -2-methylamino-phenylpropane-1-ol hydrochloride

English name: (1R, 2S)-(-)-EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE

CAS No.:50-98-6

Molecular formula: C10H15NO · HCl

Molecular weight: 201.70

Danger level: Xn (harmful substance)

Phonetic name: Yansuan Mahuangjian

English name: Ephesrine Hydrochloride

Page number: 2010 edition of the second part of the Pharmacopoeia-777

Molecular formula: C10H15NO.HCl 201.70

This product is [R- (R ', S')]-- [1- (

Keep the container sealed and stored in a cool, dry place, and ensure that there is good ventilation or exhaust in the work room. ^[1]

Method name :

Orally, 15 mg to 30 mg / time, 45 mg to 90 mg / day (extreme amount of 60 mg / time, 150 mg / day). Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, 15mg-30mg / time, 45mg-60mg / day (extreme amount 60mg / time, 150mg / day).

1. Asthma 25mg once, 3 times a day.

2. Maintain the blood pressure intramuscularly during spinal canal or epidural anesthesia: 20mg 50mg. Chronic hypotension, 20 mg to 50 mg each time, 2 to 3 times a day.

3. To relieve edema and congestion of the nasal mucosa, use a 0.5% to 1% solution of nasal drops or spray.

Ephedrine hydrochloride adverse reactions

Overdose can easily cause symptoms such as mental excitement, insomnia, restlessness, nervousness, tremor. Patients with severe organic heart disease or receiving digitalis treatment can also cause unexpected heart rhythm disturbances. Large doses inhibit the heart. The minimum lethal dose of ephedrine to various animals is 50-540MLD (MG / KG).

(1) Repeated use within a short period of time shows that the drug effect gradually weakens, which is called the rapid tolerance of the drug, but as long as the drug is stopped for a few hours or 3-4 days, it can restore the original state of normal sensitivity to the drug. It can be seen that the number of daily medications should not exceed 3 times (it is advisable to take 3 doses as the normal number of doses, so that the above-mentioned drug tolerance can be reduced to a minimum.

(2) Large and long-term use can cause tremor, anxiety, insomnia, headache, palpitations, tachycardia, sweating, and fever, so care should be taken to prevent large and long-term use of the drug.

(3) The elderly and patients with prostate hypertrophy may cause difficulty in urination if they take too much medicine and take too long, so care should be taken to avoid excessive and long-term use.

(4) All patients with hyperthyroidism, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and angina should be banned from using the drug.

(5) Taking this medicine at night can cause central nervous excitement and palpitations, so appropriate sedative medicine should be added to prevent insomnia.

(6) After taking ephedrine, it can obviously increase the excitement of athletes, make athletes tireless and play at an excessive level, but it has great side effects on the athlete himself. Therefore, these drugs are stimulants strictly prohibited by the International Olympic Committee.

Ephedrine hydrochloride drug interactions

1. In combination with adrenal corticosteroids, this product can increase their metabolic clearance, and the dose of corticosteroids must be adjusted.

2. Urine basifying agents, such as antacids, calcium or magnesium carbonates, citrates, sodium bicarbonate, etc., affect the excretion of this product in the urine, increase the half-life of this product, and extend the action time, especially If the urine remains alkaline for several days or longer, most patients will cause ephedrine poisoning, and the dosage of this product should be adjusted.

3. When combined with alpha receptor blockers such as phentolamine, prazosin, tolazoline, and phenothiazines, it can counteract the pressure effect of this product.

4. Equivalent to general anesthetics such as chloroform, halothane, and isoflurane, which can make the myocardium more sensitive to sympathomimetic amines, and there is a risk of ventricular arrhythmia. When used together, the amount of this product should be reduced.

5. When used together with tricyclic antidepressants such as maprotiline, it can reduce the pressure effect of this product.

6, combined with digitalis, can cause arrhythmia.

7. Used together with ergometrine, ergotamine or oxytocin, it can exacerbate vasoconstriction and cause severe hypertension or peripheral tissue ischemia.

8. With the same use of doxapram, the pressure effect of both can be enhanced.