What Are the Pros and Cons of Prosthetic Devices?

Medically called a prosthesis is a medical device that replaces a limb, organ or tissue of the human body.

Prosthesis

Medically

prosthesis

According to the purpose of the prosthesis, it can be divided into external prosthesis and implant prosthesis. The former such as

According to the functionality of the prosthesis, it can be divided into prosthetics and prostheses. Prosthetic limbs include functional prostheses such as upper limb prostheses and lower limb prostheses. Prostheses such as breast augmentation prostheses and rhinoplasty prostheses have filling alternative prostheses.

I. Prosthetic limbs ^[1]

1. The lower leg prosthesis is mainly composed of a receiving cavity, a connecting piece and a foot plate. The material of the receiving cavity is mainly resin; the material of the connecting member can be alloy steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, etc .; the foot plate has ordinary foot plate, energy storage foot plate, and sports foot plate. The calf prosthesis materials are made in China and imported. There is currently a silicone sleeve technology in modern prosthetics (mainly suitable for patients with stump skin conditions that are not very good, and patients with diabetes or tumor amputations)

2. Myoelectric prostheses are currently the most advanced "working" prostheses, which require the use of devices with basic electric functions. With the "myoelectric" control system, it can sense the nerve signals of the amputated residual muscles. With this system, small electrodes attached to the skin receive a small amount of voltage due to muscle tightening. Everyone can produce these electronic pulses, and even small movements like swinging a finger can produce this effect. The signal is then transmitted to the microprocessor through a special insulated metal wire, where the signal is "compiled", and the engine starts working after receiving the translated signal and makes the corresponding action.

Second, the prosthesis

1. Nasal prosthesis

Autologous bone tissue

Autogenous bone tissue rhinoplasty is one of the earlier materials used in rhinoplasty. Its main advantage is that it is easy to survive after transplantation, and no rejection occurs. The autologous bone tissue used for rhinoplasty is mostly taken from the sacrum and skull, but also from ribs and fibula. Autogenous bones have problems such as poor elasticity of the bone tissue and difficulty in shaping. Therefore, the appearance of the autogenous bones is not very natural, and the autogenous bones are inconvenient to obtain. The bone source is limited. Resection will cause secondary pain and even occur in the subject Complications, long-term bone resorption can also occur, causing changes in appearance, which is difficult for the recipient to accept. Less used. However, for complex nasal deformities or severe saddle nose correction, autologous bone transplantation may still be required.

Autologous cartilage

Autologous cartilage is the most commonly used tissue in rhinoplasty. Its main characteristics are: it does not have blood vessels, and it can survive by providing nutrition through tissue fluid. It has no stimulating effect on tissues after implantation, can maintain its original volume and cell shape for a long time, and is easy to sculpt into the required size and shape. After that, the appearance is natural and realistic. Like autogenous bone tissue, autologous cartilage tissue transplantation may also undergo absorption and deformation.

Autologous fascial tissue

The fascia is hardly absorbed, but it will be compressed and thinned, and the volume will be reduced (about 20%). It may require multiple surgeries when used alone. It is used to wrap cartilage or artificial materials, which can reduce cartilage absorption and make the appearance natural Smooth. The earliest site was the broad fascia. Superficial temporal fascia was often used, and the surgical traces were small.

Autologous dermis or dermal fat

After the transplantation, the absorption is too large and is rarely used. It is mainly used for patients with secondary rhinoplasty. It can also be used in the same way as fascial tissue. The cutting site is based on the principle of concealment, which is mostly under the tail spine and in the hip folds.

Artificial material

Artificial materials are sometimes an invaluable treasure for nasal plastic surgeons. They can partially replace tissue transplants, and they are even better than autologous materials in terms of physicochemical properties and long-lasting effects.

Solid silica gel

It is currently the most commonly used rhinoplasty material, which is a polymer silicide. It has been used since 1972. After more than 20 years of observation, although its complication rate can reach 5% -20%, it has good biocompatibility, good chemical inertness, non-toxic and non-carcinogenic. , Non-teratogenic, low price, is still one of the preferred rhinoplasty materials in clinical practice.

Artificial bone material

Mainly refers to hydroxyapatite. It is the main inorganic component of human bone tissue, so it has good biocompatibility, and is non-toxic, non-teratogenic, allergenic, and carcinogenic.

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)

High-density polyethylene

In short, the choice of nasal plastic materials should be based on the patient's own conditions and economic conditions, combined with the diagnosis, experience and knowledge of the doctor, before making a decision.

2. Chest prosthesis

Different prosthesis breast augmentation materials have different prices, what are the differences in the quality of the materials? I think this is a question that the beauty seekers are very concerned about. Prosthetic breast augmentation materials that are more commonly used in Europe and the United States and that have been licensed for import and clinical use in China are mainly American McGonagall, Manto, Miaotao, and French ES, and British Naga. These brands are also very common in China. However, because of higher prices, it is difficult for those seeking beauty with poor consumption ability to bear it. The domestically produced brands of prosthetic breast augmentation materials approved by the Ministry of Health are mainly Corning in Shanghai, Weining in Shanghai and Wanhe in Guangzhou, etc., which are widely used in low-end consumer groups. The authoritative breast augmentation experts from the Plastic and Cosmetology Center of Kunming Medical College will introduce the brands of breast augmentation prosthesis materials and their advantages and disadvantages in detail.

American McGonagall breast implant

Overall Rating: 99

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Top Prosthetic Representative: Little Bee (Na Qili)

Expert comment: The patented technology of the seven-layer surface and isolation layer of the Megger prosthesis, even if the prosthesis is dissected with a knife, the contents will not flow and overflow. Its unique microporous hair surface effectively prevents the formation of fibrous capsules, reduces the incidence of capsular contracture and sclerosis by nearly a hundred times, and enables breast augmentation patients to obtain long-term health and safety.

Among them, the small bee (Naqili) is its most top breast prosthesis, which is made of ultra-soft, high-quality, memory-like human soft tissue material, which has a real feel, soft elasticity, and an individualized natural shape design that conforms to the physiological structure of the breast And individual differences, the shape is naturally realistic.

American Myrtle Noodle

Overall Rating: 98

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Expert comment: The wonderful Tao Qin face implant has the ability to string, which is in line with the bright and transparent characteristics of the treble part of the music. Through hearing, thinking, reverie, and shock, the human body's rhythm is quickly transmitted through the countless infinitely thin strings unique to the piano surface. It greatly stimulates the activity of Miaotao's unique memory gel, which makes it excited together. Waves after waves produce wonderful waves that interact together, naturally charming and full of joy. Let you truly feel the care from the world's scientific and medical humanities masters. (No longer qualified in the country)

French ES

Overall Rating: 88

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Patented technology: NUSIL technology effectively blocks silicone leakage

Expert Comments: One of the advantages and disadvantages of breast implants is the permeability of its outer envelope. In order to ensure the excellence of the product, the French ES uses the world-renowned NUSIL technology (NUSIL is the world leader in silicone production). Since its establishment in 1979, NUSIL has focused on the research and development of silicone technology. Just as NUSIL obtained the IS9001 international certification in 1994, the silicone produced by NUSIL is consistently considered to be a guarantee of quality. NUSIL technology effectively blocks the leakage of silica gel. High-viscosity silica gel further prevents the flow of silica gel. High-grade silicone raw materials provide the best biological and physical compatibility, and there is no substitute for safety.

3.Feng Temple Prosthesis

Prosthetic Feng Temple Materials 1

Silicone Rubber. It is a rubbery elastomer with certain tensile strength and elongation formed by adding certain specific components based on organosiloxane. Its stability and histocompatibility are very reliable. Because of its low price and easy forming, it is very common in the field of medical aesthetic plastic surgery. Tissue filling blocks of various shapes, artificial breasts, outer capsules of artificial testes, skin soft tissue expanders, scar softening films, artificial eyeballs, and various catheters are made. You may have heard of the possibility of allergic rejection using this material for rhinoplasty. After treating hundreds of exceptional hospital rhinoplasty and saying that the prosthesis is rejected, and then performing silicone prosthetic rhinoplasty, there is no so-called allergic rejection. Allergic rejection of the prosthesis is caused by two reasons: one is that the infection occurs after the aseptic operation is not strict, which occurs about 5 days after the operation; the other is that the length of the prosthetic cavity is not sufficiently separated The posterior prosthesis is exposed from the incision or the tip of the nose.

Prosthetic Feng Temple Materials II

ePTFE Chinese trade name: Gotex. It is a bulk solid material synthesized by biotechnology. It has excellent biological inertness, and its physical and chemical properties are extremely stable. It is resistant to high temperature and strong acid and alkali. It has many micropores, allowing human tissue cells to grow into it to establish blood circulation and fix it, so that the material and body tissue appear to "melt" into a unified state. ePTFE is also very strong and will not be stretched or torn. This material was first developed and produced by Gore Corporation in the United States. After nearly 30,000 cases of clinical application, no tissue rejection and no toxic reaction to the body have occurred, which proves that histocompatibility and safety are very reliable. However, the material is expensive, and it takes about 12000-15000 to make an aphrodisiac in China, which limits its general use. Because this material is bulky and has the characteristics of "cotton", carving is difficult. Doctors are required not only to have patience when carving, but also to have good carving skills. Using this material Feng Temple has a higher one.