What Is Propofol?
2,6-diisopropylphenol
Propofol generally refers to propofol
- Propofol, [indication] is used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Often used with epidural or spinal anesthesia, often with analgesics, muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics. Suitable for outpatients.
- Drug name
- Propofol
- Drug type
- Essential medicines
- English name
- Propofol
- Chinese alias
- Dipropofol; Propofol; Dipropofol
- English alias
- Diprivan; Propofol; Disoprofol
Propofol chemical name
- 2,6-diisopropylphenol
Molecular formula of propofol
Propofol molecular formula
- C12H180
Propofol molecular weight
- 178
Physicochemical Properties of Propofol
- This product is colorless or light yellow clear liquid. It also smells special. It gradually turns yellow when exposed to light and quickly turns yellow when exposed to high temperatures. This product is very soluble in ethanol, ether or lactone; it is slightly soluble in water. Relative density The relative density of this product (Appendix VI A of the Second Part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 Edition) is 0.952 ~ 0.956. Refractive index The refractive index of this product (Appendix VI F of the Second Part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 Edition) is 1.5124 ~ 1.5144. Freezing point The freezing point of this product (Appendix VI D of the Second Edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 Edition) is 18 ~ 19 ° C.
Propofol Pharmacology
- A short-acting intravenous anesthetic for alkyl acids. It is quickly distributed throughout the body after intravenous injection. It can produce a state of sleep within 40 seconds and enter anesthesia quickly and smoothly. t1 / 2a is 1.8-8.3 minutes. It may be metabolized in the liver mainly by glucuronic acid, and the metabolites are excreted from the urine for 34 to 60 minutes. Vd was 2.83 L / kg, and the plasma protein binding rate was 97% to 98%. If combined with fentanyl, the blood concentration of this product will increase. This product has a weak analgesic effect, which can reduce intracranial pressure, cerebral oxygen consumption and cerebral blood flow. It has an inhibitory effect on the respiratory system, which can cause temporary respiratory arrest; it also has an inhibitory effect on the circulatory system, which can lead to a decrease in blood pressure. The anesthesia recovery of this product is rapid, about 8 minutes, nausea, vomiting and headache may occur during the recovery period.
Propofol indications
- [Indications] For induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Often used with epidural or spinal anesthesia, often with analgesics, muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics. Suitable for outpatients.
Propofol usage and dosage
- Due to different dosage forms and specifications, please read the drug instructions carefully or follow the doctor's advice.
Propofol contraindications
- Disabled in patients with elevated intracranial pressure and cerebral circulation disorders; disabled in obstetric anesthesia.
Propofol precautions
- (1) Mild excitement sometimes occurs during induced anesthesia. (2) If hypotension occurs or temporary apnea occurs, intravenous infusion or slower drug delivery rate is required. (3) Intravenous injection can cause pain, but thrombosis or phlebitis is rare. (4) Patients with heart disease, respiratory disease, liver and kidney disease, and debilitating disease should be used with caution, and the dosage for patients over 55 should be reduced by 20%. (5) Because the injection of this product is a fat emulsion, use it with caution if you have fat metabolism disorders.
Propofol preparation
- Injection: 20ml: 0.2g, 50ml: 0.5g
Introduction to Propofol Pharmacopoeia
- [Identification] (1) Take 0.1ml of this product, add ethanol-water (32:25) and 10ml to dissolve, and then take 5ml of solution, add bromine test solution, it will produce a white precipitate that dissolves instantly, but when the bromine test solution is excessive, That results in a durable precipitate. (2) Take an appropriate amount of this product and the reference substance, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.05mg per lml, and measure it by spectrophotometry (Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 Edition Appendix II) WA. The UV absorption spectrum of the sample solution and the control The product solution has the same spectrum. [Check] Take 1.0ml of the clarity and color of the ethanol solution, dilute to 10ml with ethanol, and shake well. The solution should be clear and colorless. (Appendix A, first method) comparison must not be deeper. For acidity, take 1.0ml of this product, add 25.0ml of water, shake it well, leave it for 5 ~ 10 minutes, separate the water layer and filter. Take 10 ml of the filtrate and add 2 drops of methyl red indicator liquid, no red color is allowed. The relevant substance was taken as a test solution with 1 mg of the product in 1 ml of the content determination item. A suitable amount was diluted with methanol to prepare a solution containing 6 µg per 1 ml as the control solution. Take the measurement; take 20µl of the control solution and inject it into the liquid chromatograph, adjust the sensitivity of the instrument so that the peak height of the main component peak is about 20% of the full scale of the recorder, and then take 20µl of the test solution into the liquid chromatograph and record the chromatogram 4 times the peak retention time from the main component. If there are impurity peaks in the chromatogram of the test solution, the sum of the area of each impurity peak must not be greater than the main peak area (0.2%) of the control solution. Take 1.0ml of this product and check it according to law (Appendix N of the Second Part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 Edition). The residue should not exceed 0.1%. Take the residues left by the burning residue under heavy metals and inspect them in accordance with the law (Appendix H of the Second Part of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 Edition). The content of heavy metals must not exceed 10 parts per million. [Contains the most determination] Determination according to high performance liquid chromatography (Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 edition two appendix VD) determination. Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test using octadecylsilane bonded silica as a filler; methanol-acetonitrile-water (60:15:25) (mixed with 100 parts per million triethylamine) as the mobile phase ; Detection wavelength is 280nm. The number of theoretical plates should be no less than 4,000 based on the peak of propofol, and the resolution of the peaks of the internal and standard substances should meet the requirements. Preparation of the internal standard solution: Take 40mg of thymol, put it into a 50ml volumetric flask, add an appropriate amount of methanol to dissolve and dilute to the mark, and shake to obtain. Determine the appropriate amount of the product by measuring, accurately weigh, dissolve and dilute with methanol to make a solution containing 3mg per lml; precisely measure 5ml each of the above solution and internal standard solution, place in a 50ml bottle, dilute with methanol to the mark, shake Take 20l into the liquid chromatograph, record the chromatogram, and take a proper propofol reference, take the same method, and use the internal standard method to calculate the peak area. [Category] Intravenous anesthetics. [Storage] Nitrogen-filled, sealed, protected from light, stored below 15 ° C.