What Is the Treatment for Toxemia?

Toxemia is a type of systemic infection, which means that after the pathogens grow and reproduce in the invaded local tissues, only the exotoxin produced by them enters the blood circulation, and the pathogens do not enter the blood. Exotoxin reaches susceptible tissues and cells through the blood, causing special toxicity symptoms, such as diphtheria and tetanus.

Basic Information

English name: toxemia
Visiting department: Infectious Diseases

Common causes: Exotoxin produced by various pathogenic bacteria
Common symptoms: Myocarditis, soft palate palsy, hoarseness, adrenal dysfunction, etc.

Causes of toxemia

The cause is exotoxin produced by various pathogenic bacteria. Exotoxin is a protein that is mainly released during the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Most of the toxin-producing bacteria are Gram-positive bacteria, and a few are Gram-negative bacteria.

Clinical manifestations of toxemia

The clinical manifestations of toxemia are related to exotoxin produced by pathogenic bacteria. For example, diphtheria, diphtheria itself does not invade the bloodstream, but the absorbed exotoxin can be combined with susceptible tissues, causing clinical manifestations such as myocarditis, soft palsy, hoarseness, and adrenal dysfunction. For example, tetanus, its pathogenic strain is Clostridium tetanus, and the tetanus spasm toxin produced by it causes tetanus-specific angle arch retension and tooth closure.

Toxemia test

Toxemia is a type of systemic infection. Laboratory tests often increase blood white blood cell counts. Etiologically invaded local tissues can be obtained from bacteriological evidence. If diphtheria is taken from the junction of false membrane and mucosa, diphtheria bacillus can be detected by microscopic examination after smear staining. The general symptoms of tetanus are typical, and no bacteriological examination is needed.

Differential diagnosis of toxemia

Pathogens and their toxic metabolites spread throughout the body causing symptoms of systemic infections, often with fever, which can be accompanied by general discomfort, muscle soreness, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, bloating, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, apathy, irritability, delirium or coma , Anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, severe cases may appear toxic myocarditis, DIC, acute renal failure and other manifestations. Systemic infections are often clinically divided into several types of infection, such as toxemia, bacteremia, sepsis, sepsis, and endotoxemia.

Bacteremia

Pathogens invade the bloodstream locally, but do not grow and reproduce in the bloodstream, but only pass through the blood circulation pathway to reach a suitable part of the body and then multiply and cause disease.

Sepsis

Pathogens invade the bloodstream and grow and reproduce in large quantities, producing toxic metabolites, causing severe systemic poisoning symptoms, such as high fever, skin and mucous membrane plaques, and hepatosplenomegaly. Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis can cause sepsis.

3. Sepsis

It refers to the fact that suppurative bacteria multiply in the bloodstream after they invade the bloodstream, and then spread to other tissues or organs in the body through the bloodstream, resulting in new purulent lesions. For example, Staphylococcus aureus sepsis often results in multiple liver abscesses, subcutaneous abscesses, and kidney abscesses.

4. Endotoxemia

Gram-negative pathogens invade the bloodstream and multiply in them, disintegrating and releasing a large amount of endotoxins, a type of infection that causes disease.