What Is Transdermal Drug Delivery?

Transdermal administration refers to an administration method in which a drug is applied or applied to the skin surface. In addition to being administered locally to the affected part of the skin, it can also be administered systemically. For the latter, the ointment or patch can be placed on thinner areas of the skin, such as behind the ears, inside the arms, anterior chest area, and scrotum. At this time, the drug can penetrate directly into the skin from the corneal layer of the skin and the subsidiary structures of the skin, such as the openings of hair follicles and sweat ducts, into capillaries, and circulate throughout the body through the system. This route of administration has the advantages of convenience, simplicity and long-lasting effects. It is safe and has no first-pass effects in the liver.

Transdermal administration

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Transdermal administration refers to an administration method in which a drug is applied or applied to the skin surface. In addition to being administered locally to the affected part of the skin, it can also be administered systemically. For the latter, the ointment or patch can be placed on thinner areas of the skin, such as behind the ears, inside the arms, anterior chest area, and scrotum. At this time, the drug can penetrate directly into the skin from the corneal layer of the skin and the subsidiary structures of the skin, such as the openings of hair follicles and sweat ducts, into capillaries, and circulate throughout the body through the system. This route of administration has the advantages of convenience, simplicity and long-lasting effects. It is safe and has no first-pass effects in the liver.

Percutaneous administration

Certain cardiovascular system drugs can be absorbed transdermally. For example, nitroglycerin patches can prevent angina pectoris after being applied to the anterior heart area. For transdermal administration, the amount of drug absorbed is directly proportional to the area of the skin in contact with the drug. Increased drug fat solubility can accelerate transdermal absorption, and increase the absorption rate of the drug when the cuticle of the skin is wet. Drugs used for transdermal absorption are usually made into a sustained-release dosage form, so that the drug is released slowly and smoothly to achieve the purpose of long-lasting efficacy.

For example, scopolamine transdermal formulations, which have a systemic effect, began to be marketed in 1974. ^[1]