What are transgenic plants?
Transgenic plants are those that have been genetically modified to contain gene sequences that do not naturally occur in their species. These gene sequences can come from plants of a different species and are introduced to try to change some of the basic properties of the plant. Some plants most often subject to this process are food crops that can ideally be more efficient and more productive by introducing new genetic material.
Some of the desired features that can be kept in these transgenic plants include resistors to disease and pests, higher yields, higher quality fruits, vegetables or flowers and increased tolerance to weather conditions. Until the invention of the artificial insertion of the new genetic material, plants were kept to emphasize these properties simply by taking the best examples from the same species and exceeding them in the hope that they will develop the most impressive offspring. This process can be perfect with the help of science.
One of the first steps is to determine which genes are to be replaced. Each part of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) controls a different part of the plant, whether it is responsible for how many petals are on the flower or how long the cells develop. Genetic experts must determine what gene controls each specific process, and then to determine what part, what plant will be replaced.
In their native environment, plants receive new genetic material through the process of pollination. This new information is inserted artificially into processes that can be done in transgenic plants in several ways. Boistics, a term that combines the words of biology and ballistics, is a process that the new DNA is injected directly into plant cells through cell walls. This is a preferential process in implanting a monocot or plant with semedlkouings with only one seed leaf.
As regards the creation of transgenic dikots, the Agrobacterium methodhas encountered the greatest success. In this process, the types of bacteria based on soil -based bacteria are used by Agrobacterium tumefaciens . Bacteria that are injected with a new, desired DNA voltage are introduced into the soil that the plant is rooted. This unique tension of bacteria then attacks the plant and uses its own cells of the plant to reproduce and introduces a new genetic strain.
The creation of a successful group of transgenic plants depends on factors, such as the ability of the plant to transmit a new genetic sequence to future generations. Once the gene has been successfully introduced and inherited, biologists must continue to study a new plant to make sure there are no unforeseen complications that would result from the new genetic material. Transgenic plants are also known as genetically modified plants (GM).