What are the different types of peptide neurotransmitters?

There are several different types of peptide neurotransmitters, including opioids, somatostatins and secrets in the peripheral and central nervous system. Other groups of peptide neurotransmitters include neurohypophysals, gastrins and insulin. Peptide neurotransmitters may have the presence of amino acids from other neurotransmitters, which may only have two amino acids or up to 100 amino acids connected in short chains; Most of them have less than 30 amino acids. Some peptide neurotransmitters are also considered hormones.

often called neuropeptides, peptide neurotransmitters are the most active in the gastrointestinal area (GI). Like other neurotransmitters, neuropeptides are released from vesicles at the end of the nerve cells and travel through synaptic cleft with other neurons. In the case of neuropeptides that are hormones, these hormones are first released from the gland and then bounded in the vesicles of the neurons inside this gland where they are often aligned with the protein carriery before release from vesicles. Controls of physiology and behavior, peptide neurotransmitters are known to make their effects slowly but for a long time.

natural analgesics considered, opioid neurotransmitters are involved in the perception of pain and sexual attraction. They are thus named because they connect to the same receptors activated by opium. Opioid peptide neurotransmitters, divided into three classes, include endorphins, dynorphins and enkefalins. In addition to pain and attraction, the necessary neurotransmitters of opioids are also necessary to control memory, movement and seizures. Most opioid neurotransmitters found in the body are located in the brain area.

somatostatins are active in the area of ​​the abdominal and stomach. These peptide neurotransmitters are best known for their ability to suppress other hormones such as those that secrete the pituitary gland those who affect the GI tract, such as gastrin and insulin. This suppression helps to create a balance in the GI area.

Secretins are another type of peptide neurotransmitter that helps digestion. Specifically, the secretine triggers the production of bile in the liver. In addition, this chemical messenger controls when the stomach and pancreas produce pepsin and digestive juices.

neurohypophysene, the most active in the brain and blood, are peptide neurotransmitters that modules cognition, social behavior and some physical functions such as lactation and urination. They include chemicals such as vasopressin and oxytocin. Psychiatrists attribute oxytocin to trigger protective and adapt behavior to trusted individuals and to encourage aggression to endanger individuals. Vasopressive helps the kidneys to reduce how much water is released during urination, thus serving as an anti-diarytics.

Gastrin and insulin are two types of that that works in tandem. Insulin, chemical hormone and messenger that modulates blood sugar can be enriched with gastrinem to determine when insulin increases. Four different types of gastrin also control the hydrochloric acid levels produced in the GI tract.