What Are the Hemispheres of the Brain?

The cerebral hemisphere (cerebral hepIMC), a structure on both sides of the telencephalon. The two hemispheres are completely separated front and back, and the middle is connected by a bundle of the largest commissure fibers, the corpus callosum. The surface is gray matter, that is, the cerebral cortex. The raised part is the cerebral gyrus, and the depressed part is called sulcus fissure. The dorsal lateral surface is the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobe divided by the lateral cleft of the brain and the central groove. The front end is the frontal pole, and the rear end is the occipital pole. Under the cortex is thick white matter, the medulla of the brain. According to the formed path and its connection, the medulla fiber bundle can be divided into three categories: projective fibers, combined fibers in the hemisphere, and commissural fibers between the hemispheres. Projection fibers are the connecting fibers between the cortex and the subcortical center, including the ascending fiber bundles that transmit impulse to the cortex and the descending fiber bundles that transmit impulse from the cortex to the subcortical center. Ascending fibers are mainly thalamus radiation, Xin radiation, and visual radiation, and descending fibers are mainly cone system and extrapyramid system. ^[1]

Cerebral hemisphere

The cerebral hemisphere (cerebral hepIMC), a structure on both sides of the telencephalon. The two hemispheres are completely separated front and back, and the middle is connected by a bundle of the largest commissure fibers, the corpus callosum. The surface is gray matter, that is, the cerebral cortex. The raised part is the cerebral gyrus, and the depressed part is called sulcus fissure. The dorsal lateral surface is the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobe divided by the lateral cleft of the brain and the central groove. The front end is the frontal pole, and the rear end is the occipital pole. Under the cortex is thick white matter, the medulla of the brain. According to the formed path and its connection, the medulla fiber bundle can be divided into three categories: projective fibers, combined fibers in the hemisphere, and commissural fibers between the hemispheres. Projection fibers are the connecting fibers between the cortex and the subcortical center, including the ascending fiber bundles that transmit impulse to the cortex and the descending fiber bundles that transmit impulse from the cortex to the subcortical center. Ascending fibers are mainly thalamus radiation, Xin radiation, and visual radiation, and descending fibers are mainly cone system and extrapyramid system. ^[1]

The brain is an organ of the human body. It is more complex and mysterious than the world's most advanced computer.

Asymmetry in the function of the two hemispheres of the brain, or that different functions of the brain are concentrated in one hemisphere

The latest research from the State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, found that the left hemisphere of the human brain has a dominant perception of large-scale topological properties, and the right hemisphere has a dominant perception of local geometric properties. The findings were published in the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" on December 26, 2007, and were introduced in the "Guide to this issue" column.

The Cognitive Science and Brain Imaging team led by Academician Chen Lin of the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has created a "large-scale first" theory of topological nature perception, challenging the "local first" theory that has dominated for half a century, emphasizing perception The process begins with a wide range of topologically invariant properties, providing a new idea for the study of left and right brain differences.

Wang Bo and other young scholars from the institute applied the "large-scale first" theory of topological perception to the study of asymmetry in the cerebral hemisphere. After more than 6 years of extensive experiments, they systematically compared various topological properties (such as the number of holes, internal and external relations, etc.) with other geometric properties (such as orientation, distance, size, symmetry, parallelism, linearity, etc.). The tests consistently revealed that the perception of the topological properties of the left brain of the right-handed people is dominant; it was also found by functional magnetic resonance imaging that the topological properties of the left hemisphere temporal lobe excitement. Some experts believe that the conclusions of the study "the perception of topological properties in the left hemisphere is dominant, and the perception of local geometric properties in the right hemisphere is dominant" provide a unified theoretical framework for solving various disputes on the relationship between the left and right brains of vision. It provides a basic scientific basis for understanding and developing the brain.