What is the juxtaglomerular cell?

juxtaglomerular (jg) cell, located in the kidneys, usually creates, shops and excludes an enzyme called renin, which helps to regulate potassium and sodium levels. It is usually a form of a smooth muscle cell. Located along the edge of small arteries in the juxtaglomerular apparatus, a small structure that controls the function of filter elements called nephrons, any juxtaglomerular cell can also feel blood pressure. It is usually one of the three types of cells in JG.

different types of proteins and their receptors often occur in the juxtaglomerular cell. This type of cell can also express a protein based on the type of tissue or whether a particular cell is mature, embryonic, active or inactive. Sometimes JG cells behave like precursors to other types and if the conditions are correct, they can turn into a smooth muscle component in the human body.

Also called granular cells, these specialized types can eliminate renin in stimulation by certain hormones. The pressure in the kidneys canAlso induce secretion and also reduce sodium chloride absorption. The juxtaglomerular cell usually receives a granulated structure when the enzyme is released, which usually occurs when blood pressure decreases. If Renin is excreted, blood pressure usually increases. Blood pressure is generally regulated by the ALDOSterone system of Renin angiotensin, named for substances that interact in a process that includes kidneys, adrenal glands and pituitary, lungs and liver.

Juxtaglomerular apparatus also includes Macula DENSA cells, which are usually located in a small tube and can sensing changes in the concentration of dissolved compounds. These can also read the flow inside the small tubes of the kidneys. Mesangial cells usually provide connections to small capillaries and check the narrowing of the dilatation of these small blood vessels by inflation. Generally contain substances called actin and myosin that allow these contractions to occur in responseto stimulate nerve signals.

Mice research with the human gene for Renin shows that the enzyme is usually produced and excreted only by the juxtaglomerular cell. If JG cells are missing or do not work properly, blood pressure tends to be low and the kidneys, as monitored in mice, can also be smaller than normal. These cells are therefore generally necessary for the kidneys to function normally. If the activity of the juxtaglomerular cell is abnormal.