What Is the Palpebral Conjunctiva?

Also known as the conjunctival layer and endometrium, a layer of mucous covering the upper and lower eyelids and in front of the eyeballs. It is a transparent film formed by stratified columnar epithelium and a small amount of connective tissue. The lining of the eyelid is the palpebral conjunctiva, and the bulbous conjunctiva is affixed in front of the eyeball. The two parts are continuous with each other. When the eyelid is closed, the space surrounded by the conjunctiva is called "conjunctival sac", which has the effect of protecting and facilitating eye movement. The transition between the bulbar and conjunctiva is called the fornix conjunctiva.

Also known as the conjunctival layer and endometrium, a layer of mucous covering the upper and lower eyelids and in front of the eyeballs. It is a transparent film formed by stratified columnar epithelium and a small amount of connective tissue. The lining of the eyelid is the palpebral conjunctiva, and the bulbous conjunctiva is affixed in front of the eyeball. The two parts are continuous with each other. When the eyelid is closed, the space surrounded by the conjunctiva is called "conjunctival sac", which has the effect of protecting and facilitating eye movement. The transition between the bulbar and conjunctiva is called the fornix conjunctiva.

Chinese name

Conjunctiva

Meaning

Conjunctiva covering the inner surface of the eyelid

From

Eyelid margin

Ends with

Fornix conjunctiva

Overview of palpebral conjunctiva :

The conjunctiva is rich in blood vessels and nerve endings, and has a small number of mucous glands, which can secrete mucus and smoothen the eyeballs to reduce friction between the eyelid conjunctiva and the cornea. It is also divided into the eyelid margin, eyelid, and orbit. This conjunctiva is tightly connected to the meibomian, can not be pushed, thin and transparent, the surface is smooth, small blood vessels run vertically, and the meibomian gland is faintly visible.

Conjunctival disease:

There is a sulcus sulcus at the margin of the upper eyelid, which is easy to accumulate foreign bodies. Here, the conjunctiva is susceptible to physical, chemical, and biological factors. Acute and chronic inflammation can occur, and meibomian gland inflammation can also occur. The most common is trachoma.

1 Conjunctiva 1, trachoma

( 1 ) Mechanism:

Trachoma is a chronic infectious conjunctival keratitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis infection. It is named because of its rough conjunctival surface, such as sand grains, and is one of the main diseases that cause blindness. Chlamydia trachomatis can be transmitted to others through a variety of ways. It can be transmitted through water, droplets, and washing utensils that are contaminated by diseased eye secretions, or cross-infection caused by contaminated hands in contact with the eyes. Water is important for trachoma transmission. vehicle. Once the infection is mild or without repeated infections, it can be cured within a few months, leaving a thin scar or no obvious scar on the conjunctiva. The course of severely infected patients with repeated infections can last for years to decades, and eventually cause serious complications and sequelae, often causing vision loss and even blindness.

( 2 ) Diagnosis of trachoma:

The WHO requires that at least two of the following criteria be met when diagnosing trachoma: more than 5 follicles of the upper eyelid conjunctiva; typical scars of the eyelid conjunctiva; limbal follicles or Herbert pits; extensive corneal vascular ridges. China now adopts the diagnostic criteria for trachoma developed by the Ophthalmology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association in 1979: fuzzy congestion of the upper fornix and upper meibomian conjunctiva, hyperplasia of nipples or follicle formation, or both; using a magnifying glass or Slit lamp corneal microscopy revealed corneal vascular loops; scarring of the upper fornix or / and upper eyelid conjunctiva; corneal scrapings with trachoma inclusions. On the basis of the first one, trachoma can be diagnosed in one of the other three.

( 3 ) Staging of trachoma:

In 1979, the trachoma staging method of the Ophthalmology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, that is, phase (active phase) coexistence of nipples and follicles in the upper eyelid, blurring of the upper fornix conjunctiva, corneal vasculature; phase II (degeneration) Scars began to appear until most of them became scars, leaving only a few active lesions; stage (complete scarring) lesions of the upper eyelid conjunctiva completely disappeared, replaced by scars, non-infectious.

International MacCallan staging method: Phase I (early invasion): conjunctival hyperemia of the eyelid and fornix, turbid and rough red swelling tissue, papillary hyperplasia and embryo follicles, and short and sparse corneal vascular loops. Stage (advanced infiltration phase): conjunctival congestion, turbidity and thickening, significant nipple hyperplasia, conjunctival vessels not visible, and follicle formation. Nipples are more common in the conjunctiva, and follicles are more common in the conjunctiva. Stage (scarring stage): The active lesions of trachoma are absorbed and ruptured to become scars. The scars can be white linear, reticular or flaky, and there are still active lesions between the scars. Stage (healing phase): The active lesions disappeared, and the complete scar was pale gray and white, non-infectious.

In 1987, WHO introduced a new simple staging method to evaluate the severity of trachoma in order to control trachoma in the global epidemiology: trachoma inflammation, follicles: 5 or more follicular conjunctival follicles, and the diameter is greater than 0.5mm ; Trachoma inflammation, severe: inflammation with more than 50% thickening of the eyelid conjunctiva and blurry blood vessels; trachomatic scar: the formation of scars of the eyelid conjunctiva with white fiber strands; trachomatic trichiasis: at least one knot of hair rubbing the eyeball; Corneal opacity: Obvious corneal opacity occurs in the pupil area.

2 Conjunctiva 2, conjunctivitis:

The patient consciously felt burning eyes, itching, foreign body sensation, and secretions. Examination of congestion and hypertrophy of the eyelid margin, mild congestion of the eyelid conjunctiva, negative fluorescein test, and reduction of lacrimal gland secretion.