What Is the Temporal Fascia?

Temporal (temporal area), commonly known as the temple. It is located on both sides of the forehead, the outer upper part of the eye socket, and extends to the upper edge of the ear. The temporal region is protected by a weak temporal bone. Impacts can cause severe dizziness, shock symptoms, and serious life threatening. The corresponding temporal region of the brain is the temporal lobe, which is extremely vulnerable to external damage based on the temporal region, and is a key protected area of the human body.

Temporal region

The realm is located on both sides of the cranial crest, between the superior temporal line and the upper edge of the zygomatic arch.

The soft tissue levels in this area, from the superficial to the deep of the body, are: skin, superficial fascia, temporal fascia, temporal muscle, and epicranium.

(L) Skin: The skin in the temporal region is more mobile. No matter whether you choose a longitudinal or transverse incision during surgery, it is easy to suture, and the scar after healing is not obvious.

(2) Superficial fascia: contains less adipose tissue. Blood vessels and nerves can be divided into two groups: anterior and posterior.

1) Preauricular group: there are superficial temporal arteries, veins, and temporal auricular nerves. They are accompanied by the upper margin of the parotid gland, and the arches reach the temporal region. The superficial temporal artery is one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery, and its pulsation can be touched in front of the tragus; the superficial temporal vein flows into the posterior mandibular vein; the temporal temporal nerve is the third branch of the trigeminal nerve.

2) Postauricular group: there are posterior auricular arteries, veins, and small occipital nerves, which are distributed in the back of the temporal region. The posterior auricular artery starts from the external carotid artery; the posterior auricular vein flows into the external jugular vein;

(3) Temporal fascia: the upper part is attached to the upper temporal line, and is divided into two layers, the deep and the shallow.

(4) Temporal muscle: fan-shaped, starting from the temporal fossa and the deep side of the temporal fascia, the anterior muscle fibers downward, the posterior muscle fibers forward, gradually concentrated, passing through the deep side of the zygomatic arch, ending in the coronoid process of the mandible. After the temporal region craniotomy is used to remove part of the temporal bone scales, the temporal muscle and temporal fascia can protect the meninges and brain tissue. Therefore, the temporal region approach is often used for craniotomy. There are deep temporal vessels and nerves in the deep temporal muscle. The deep temporal artery comes from the maxillary artery. The deep temporal nerve comes from the mandibular nerve and innervates the temporal muscle.

(5) Periosteum: It is thin and close to the surface of the temporal bone, so subperiosteal hematomas rarely occur in this area. There is a large amount of adipose tissue between the periosteum and the temporal muscle, which is called loose connective tissue under the temporal fascia, and communicates with the temporal non-space through the deep surface of the zygomatic arch, and then forward with the cheek fat body of the face. Therefore, when there is bleeding or inflammation in the loose connective tissue of the subtemporal fascia, it can spread down to the face, forming a deep hematoma or abscess, and facial inflammation, such as dental infection, can also spread to the loose connective of the subfascial In the organization.