What Is the Third Ventricle?

The ventricle is the two cavities below the heart. It is called the left ventricle on the left and the right ventricle on the right. The walls of the ventricles are thick and muscular. The left ventricle has thicker walls and more muscular muscles than the right ventricle.

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Ventricular tricuspid atresia

Diabetic heart disease, rheumatic heart disease

Chronic rheumatic heart disease is mainly caused by the gradual pathological changes of heart valves after rheumatic fever infection.

Ventricular cardiomyopathy

Myocardial changes such as metabolism or hormonal abnormalities, sometimes alcoholism, and drugs also cause myocardial changes.

Ventricular pulmonary heart disease

Pulmonary hypertension is caused by chronic bronchitis, emphysema, etc., which makes the right ventricle hypertrophy or failure.

Tricuspid atresia Tricuspid atresia is a type of cyanotic congenital heart disease with an incidence of approximately 1 to 5% of congenital heart disease. Ranked third after cyanotic congenital heart disease relay Fallot tetralogy and aortic dislocation. The main pathological changes are tricuspid valve atresia or absence of tricuspid valve, oblong foramen ovale or atrial septal defect. See tricuspid atresia for details.

It is rare that the leaflet is involved, and it is mostly caused by pulmonary hypertension and tricuspid valve dilatation. Due to congenital or acquired factors causing tricuspid valve disease or tricuspid annulus dilation, the tricuspid valve is not fully closed when the systole is not fully closed. The disease is functional

Ventricle

The two are qualitative. The former is mostly secondary to the lesions that cause right ventricular dilatation, and the incidence is quite high, such as primary pulmonary hypertension, mitral valve disease, pulmonary valve or funnel stenosis, and right ventricular myocardial infarction. The latter can be congenital anomalies such as Ebstein's malformation and common atrioventricular channels, or acquired lesions such as rheumatic inflammation, coronary artery disease caused by tricuspid papillary muscle dysfunction, trauma and infective endocarditis. The prognosis of the disease depends on the nature of the underlying cause and the severity of heart failure. The prognosis of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension and chronic pulmonary heart disease is often worse than those caused by mitral valve disease or atrial septal defect. . Medical treatment can alleviate the symptoms, and surgery can cure it. See tricuspid insufficiency for details.

Ventricular tricuspid valve malformation

Tricuspid valve malformation is a rare congenital heart malformation. One case was first reported by Ebstein in 1866, so it is also called Ebstein deformity. The incidence of congenital heart disease accounts for 0.5 to 1%. Tricuspid valve malformation refers to the tricuspid valve malformation. Its posterior and septal valve positions are lower than normal. It is not at the level of the atrioventricular ring and moves down to the right ventricle wall near the apex. Normally large, while the right ventricle is smaller than normal, with tricuspid regurgitation. Such malformations are often associated with open oval holes or atrial septal defects and pulmonary artery stenosis. Due to the large amount of blood in the right atrium and increased pressure, part of the blood contained in the right atrium flows into the left atrium through the atrial septal defect or oval hole, and part of it still enters the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. Due to pulmonary artery stenosis, the blood volume entering the pulmonary circulation is reduced. Therefore, the amount of arterial blood returned to the left atrium is also small. At this time, it is mixed with the venous blood shunted from the right atrium and enters the left ventricle and systemic circulation through the mitral valve. See tricuspid valve malformation for details.

Ventricular mitral stenosis

Mitral stenosis is a sequela of rheumatic fever. Rarely is congenital stenosis or senile mitral annulus or sub-annular calcification. Two-thirds of patients with mitral stenosis are women. About 40% of patients with rheumatic heart disease (rheumatic heart disease) have simple mitral valve stenosis;

Everyone has a dull complexion, purple cheeks, and mild cyanosis on the lips. More common in patients with rheumatic heart valve disease and mitral stenosis.

Refers to a type of rheumatic heart disease, called mitral stenosis, which is an autoimmune disease. The facial features of the patient are purple in the lips and lip, which is an important part of the doctor's inspection like exercise. [2] See details: Rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Ventricular mitral insufficiency

Rheumatic heart disease due to mitral insufficiency is due to mitral valve damage left after repeated rheumatic inflammation, which causes the valve to become stiff, deformed, and the valve margins curled, and the valve mouth joints are fused and shortened. The shortening, fusion, or rupture of the papillary muscles causes incomplete closure of the mitral valve, which causes a series of changes in hemodynamics. See: Rheumatic mitral regurgitation.

Ventricular pulmonary valve insufficiency

Pulmonary insufficiency, the most common disease, is caused by the expansion of the annulus caused by the expansion of the root of the pulmonary artery stem caused by pulmonary hypertension, such as rheumatic mitral valve damage, Eisenmenger syndrome, etc .; rare is idiopathic or equine Pulmonary artery dilatation of Fan syndrome. Pulmonary valve insufficiency is often associated with other cardiovascular diseases, especially in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Congenital pulmonary valve insufficiency alone is rare, because the degree of insufficiency is often mild and often asymptomatic. It is a cardiovascular disease. See pulmonary valve insufficiency for details.