What is a non -coding RNA?
non -coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a type of RNA that does not have an amino acid codes for specific proteins. This type of RNA differs from Messenger RNA (MRNA), which translates gene sequences expressed on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules into proteins. The non -coding RNA is present in various forms and regulates chromosomal activity, helps to divide chromosomes, prevents translation of specific proteins and genes, and eliminates MRNA if it is not needed. Multime and more complex organisms have higher dominance, which may indicate the presence of a complex RNA signaling system in more advanced cells. Among the types of non -coding RNA are ribosomal RNA (RRNA), which form part of the components of synthesizing proteins in cells known as ribosomes, and the transfer of RNA (TRNA), which is known to transmit specific amino acids to suitable ribosomal sites inside the cells.
The components for form part of the cell structure and help in the translation process without doing the transcription themselves. Some types of non -codeThe RNA can also run the transcription process and have a direct effect on the cell life cycle regulation. They are also responsible for maintaining chromosomes and conducting their separation and others are part of biological processes, such as those responsible for transporting proteins to the endoplasmic membrane cells of endoplasmic reticulum. Another species could also serve as a kind of scaffolding for building macromolecules.
non -coding RNA is able to receive or send signals that regulate genetic and cellular processes. Up to 70% of mammal genetic information can be rewritten to such RNA and macromolecules could have more transcriptions than those expressed in the genome. The non-coding genetic material of jamming likely responsible for the general characteristics of the biological organism, but the mutations in their coding can lead to a number of diseases and states such as Prader-Willi and Angelman's syndromes. They can also be the oneGrowth shortcomings, neurological defects, eye problems and even cancer.
The ability of the cell to respond to stress is also regulated by non -coding RNA. This type of RNA and its variation is a large part of the human genome. It can also adapt to different functions and environmental requirements and can also play a role in ongoing biological adaptations. There are more non -coding sequences in the human genome than coding, which means that the non -coding RNA plays a major biological function at the molecular level.