What is the thyroid hormone biosynthesis?

There are many types of biosynthesis in the human body; The production of various substances from the action of enzymes and proteins is usually necessary for normal biological function. Biosynthesis of thyroid hormone is generally important for body metabolism. The substances produced by the gland, including thyroxine and triodothyronine, are usually needed for normal lung development, nervous system and skeletal muscle in infants. Iodine is usually required for thyroid biosynthesis and normally absorbs into structures called follicular cells where it is used for hormone production.

thyroid is usually found on the front of the trachea or wind tubes under the larynx; and may respond to changes in blood flow and breathing. It normally consists of microscopic spherical structures called follicles that have one layer of cells around the central area called lumen. The forerunner of some thyroid hormones, thyroglobulin, is stored here. Biosynthesis of thyroid hormone is generally dependent on iodine transport of membranefor follicular cells. The process is often stimulated by a substance called the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by pituitary gland.

enzyme peroxidase, iodide and tyrosine are also usually required for biosynthesis of thyroid hormone. Thyroxine is usually produced when enzymes change the structure of thyroglobulin and when the atoms of iodine and tyrosine molecules are combined. Which hormone is normally produced, depending on how many atoms connect to the molecule; Tyroxine usually has four iodine atoms, while triodothyronin has three.

follicular cells where biosynthesis of thyroid hormones take place can also secrete these substances into the blood. Once in organs, hormones are usually activated or inactivated by an enzyme called deiodinase, which may remoatoma of iodine from specific parts of the molecule depending on the action ongoing action. Thyroxine hormones are usually activated by removing the atom from the outer ringMolecules that convert them into triodothyronine. Iodine is usually removed from the inner ring to convert either the hormone to an inactive form.

Biosynthesis of the thyroid hormone is often disrupted if iodine deficiency occurs. The pituitary can then produce more TSH for compensation, sometimes cause the thyroid gland to increase and create a goiter. Functionally, the gland can store more iodide to secrete the normal levels of hormones into the body. Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland are generally necessary for the normal functioning of each cell in the body; Abnormal levels can lead to depression as well as growth and metabolic defects.