What are scaling laws?

Law processing is a concept in science and engineering. It refers to variables that change drastically depending on the scale (size). For example, if you have tried to build a 50 -ton mining vehicle using the same engineering assumptions as a 2 -ton car, you would probably end up with a vehicle that doesn't even run. The term "scaling laws" often occurs when considering the design of the construct, which is unusually large or small, so it is necessary to careful ideas to expand the principles of typical sizes of constructs to unusually large constructs.

Some scaling laws are simple. For example: "For a three -dimensional construct, the volume increases with a cube of linear dimensions." This simply means that linear dimensions increase every 10 times, the construct volume increases by a factor of 1000. This is important for designing machines or structures: if you would like to double the capacity of the water tower, you would increase its linear dimensions by only a few percent, rather nIt is doubled. Simple, but true.

There are more complex variations of scaling laws. Some of the most interesting manifestations of scaling law are found in the areas of microtechnology and nanotechnology, where engineers have to match and use unusual properties resulting from small scale. In microfluids, some of these unusual properties include laminar flow, surface voltage, electrowetting, rapid thermal relaxation, electric surface charges and diffusion. For example, in liquid chambers with a size of less than about half a millimeter, the flow is laminar, which means that two converging channels cannot mix with turbulence, as on a macro-meter, and must mix diffusion instead. There are many other examples of scaling laws here.

If certain properties are maintained regardless of the scale, it is called inventive scale . Examples include anything that withE occurs on all sizes, including avalanches, wear in electrical insulators, percolation of fluids through disturbed media and diffusion of molecules in solution. When we learn more about physics and mechanics, we discover interesting new scales of invariant phenomena. In general, most physical properties differ according to the scale.