What are some mitochondrial aging theories?
aging or aging is generally considered an essential part of human life. Gerontology includes the study of aging processes and the effects of aging, and one interesting branch of gerontology seeks to understand the biological processes that facilitate aging. There are many aging theories, and more than a few considers the role of a small cellular structure that many individuals probably do not even realize: Mitochondion. This structure helps in many cellular functions and disorders in any of the following functions could potentially cause aging: cell division, cellular signaling and cell death. Perhaps the most famous mitochondrial theory of aging concerns the impact of unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals on mitochondrial structures.
Mitochondria could be considered to be cell energy factories. Every human cell has anywhere from tens to thousands of these factories. Each small mitochondrion works on energy production that drives different processes, from breathing to walking. They create thisEnergy by distributing food molecules into electrons, which are then stored in energy bundles of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
mitochondrial structures have a different type of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) than other cell parts. DNA contained in mitochondria is known as mitochondrial DNA (MDNA) and does not contain the same level of protection as traditional DNA. Ezymes and proteins called histones usually protect DNA from any major damage, but MDNA lacks these substances. Therefore, because Mitochondrion suffers damage, they also carry out energy processes that dictate so many human abilities. Cell degeneration is therefore one of the most important approaches to mitochondrial theories of aging.
The closely related division of mitochondrial theory of aging cell degeneration is the theory of free radicals. Most molecules embarrass in a stable and predictable way, but instability can still occurT, especially in the body oxygen molecules. Once the oxygen molecules lose the order, free radicals are dubbed. These chaotic particles can cause serious confusion on fragile areas and thrive in mitochondrial areas because every mitochondrion performs cells. Due to their lack of protection, the DNA mitochondrial chains are among the most vulnerable to the free radical attack.
Mitochondria have different key functions except energy production, and each of these functions can serve as a lens for mitochondrial theories of aging. For example, substances are an important cornerstone of cellular division, which is divided into more new cells. This process helps to replace old and worn cells, so if the cell division slows down or stops, the effects of old cell proliferation will be felt inside and outside the body. Dysfunctional mitochondria Budereatly affects cell division.
In the related remark, these structures can also do a significant minRY dictating programmed cell death: a process where cells basically self -destruct. Different processes that could facilitate this suicide include fragmenting DNA, mutation cell membranes, and breaking and reducing the cell nucleus. If a programmed cellular death is manifested by aging, as many scientists believe, then the role of Mitochondrion in the facilitation of the programmed cell death will add another aspect to mitochondrial theories of aging.
cells can communicate to each other largely because of mitochondria. Mitochondria helps in cellular signaling, where cells transmit the impulses of information on balance, tissue and other processes. Permanent mitochondrial damage can cause errors in this information processing. Scientists have focused on error theories to accuse this result for many diseases. Aging theorists can also attribute defective signaling of cells of aging.
Many factors can affect the health and functioning of mitochondrions. As mentioned earlier, free theoryRadicals provide one explanation of defective mitochondria. Cell mutations can cause similar damage and these mutations can be caused by diet, inherited states or just a simple chance. Sometimes there is damage from natural wear over time. Since most skin cells have only one mitochondrion to maintain them for life, it may be surprising that the skin is one of the most visible areas for aging.
Research on mitochondrial theories of aging led to some recommendations on the axle. First, it is assumed that vitamins of complex B alleviate and correct some of the enzyme defects caused by mitochondrial damage. In addition, lipoic acid and alcar substances can redirect brain energy activities towards mitochondria when these processes were otherwise prevented.