What Is an Electrostatic Field?

The electrostatic field refers to the electric field observed when the observer and the charge are relatively stationary. It is a special form of matter existing in the space around the charge, and its basic feature is a powerful action on the static charge placed in it. Coulomb's law describes this force.

Electrostatic field

Excited by a stationary charge (a charge that is stationary relative to the observer)

According to the electrostatic field

When a charged object approaches another conductor, the charge distribution of the two conductors changes significantly. This phenomenon is called physics

Insulating medium in electric field is also called

Since the electrostatic field is a spin-free field, it can be characterized by a scalar potential (see potential). The relationship between electric potential and electric field strength is

In the formula, Q point is a potential reference point, which can be selected at infinity; P point is an observation point. The differential form of the above formula is the negative gradient of the electric field strength equal to the potential, that is,

E =- in a region where is constant,

formula

Where · can be written as 2, in rectangular coordinates

formula

They are first-order and second-order differential operators. In this way, we can obtain

Electrostatic field

Differential equation

Called Poisson's equation. If the free charge density at the observation point is 0, then

2 = 0

Called Laplace's equation. Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation describe the regularity of the spatial distribution of electrostatic fields. It can be proved that when , and boundary conditions are known, the solution of Poisson's equation or Laplace's equation is unique. One can try to solve the potential and then find E everywhere in the field.