What Is Architectural Engineering?

"Civil engineering": Civil engineering, is the general name of civil engineering and construction engineering. It is an engineering discipline that constructs various facilities and places for human life, production, protection and other activities, covering houses, roads, railways, airports, bridges, water conservancy in various fields such as ground, underground, land, water, and underwater. Construction of facilities and sites within the scope of works such as construction of buildings, ports, tunnels, water supply and drainage, protection, etc., which includes survey, design, construction, maintenance, management and other items in the process of project construction Technical activities, including materials, equipment and items consumed during construction.

Civil engineering

(Engineering term)

Civil engineering is prone to leak 76

1. When the foundation is excavated mechanically, the cost of manually cleaning the base trench is multiplied by the corresponding coefficient

2. When manually digging the wet soil, don't forget to multiply by the corresponding coefficient manually;

3. When manually digging the soil between piles, multiply by the corresponding coefficient manually;

4. When there is a retaining plate for support, manually multiply by the corresponding coefficient;

5, foundation masonry with waterproof mortar;

6.Reinforcement of foundation masonry;

7.Basic moisture-proof layer;

8.The scaffolding of foundation columns, walls and beams;

9.Scaffolding costs for the full house foundation;

10.Earthwork for manual digging piles;

11.Transportation of other foundation earthwork;

12, foundation structural column concrete;

13.Formwork column formwork and reinforcement;

14.Backfill soil foundation;

15.Reinforced steel bars reserved for openings;

16.Deformation joints for outdoor scattered water and ramps;

17.Stool reinforcement for floor

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Civil price composition:

I. Template: 157 yuan / m2 (including labor costs)

1. Template 88 yuan / sheet 2.98 m2 can be reused 3 times, after depreciation, it is calculated as 20 yuan / m2 if it is used twice.

2.Wood 5 meters / m2 3 yuan / m then 15 yuan / m2

3. Nail 1 yuan / m2

4. artificial 20 yuan / m2

The total package is 56 yuan / m2 (the actual unit price of the template), providing accommodation (temporary construction), the other does not include

a. General formwork amount = building area * 2.8

Unit price according to the actual building area: then the amount of formwork 56 * 2.8 = 157 yuan / m2

The formula is: template used per unit of building area:

(Unit template price + wood square + nail + artificial) * 2.8

2. Rebar: 166 yuan / m2 (excluding labor costs)

Calculation process: Generally (47 ~ 65KG / m2), 50KG / m2

3. Concrete: 90 yuan / m2

1. Labor cost: 23 yuan / m3 (market price)

2. Concrete unit price: 200 yuan / m3

3. Generally, the mixing ratio of 1m3 concrete is: 280KG cement, 0.9m3 stone, 0.3m3 sand

4. The unit price (bare cost) according to the mixing ratio is: 140 yuan / m3 (concrete weight 2500KG / m3, dry sand weight 1500KG / m3, wet sand weight 1700KG / m3, stone weight 2200KG / m3)

4. Wall-building 90 yuan / m2 (including labor costs) (based on cubic price)

1.528 bricks / m3 (240 * 100 * 50mm) * 0.24 yuan / block = 126 yuan / m3

2. About 525 pieces of red bricks per cubic meter (thick wall thickness), about 175 pieces of hollow bricks per cubic meter

A bricklayer lays 1,000-1800 red bricks a day

A bricklayer lays 800-1000 hollow bricks a day

V. Scaffolding: 8 yuan / m2 (general market price)

6. Waterproof: 3.5 * 1.2 = 4.2 yuan / m2 (up 20%)

Unit price of actual waterproof area: 40 yuan / m2 (contracted labor, materials) folded into the entire building area: 3.5 yuan / m2

Waterproof area includes roof area and toilet area

7. Excavation earthwork RMB 3.2 / m2 Actual excavation volume 12 ~ 15 RMB / m3 (all inclusive)

Assuming 35000m2 / building 14 floors, 2500m2 / storey

8. Plastering general market: 20 yuan / m2

Calculated by construction area

A plasterer plasters 35 square meters a day

The outdoor plastering area accounts for about 0.4 of the building area

Indoor plastering area accounts for 3.8

Nine. Window unit price 220 ~ 230 yuan / m2

(According to the actual door and window area, single-layer glass, including main materials, artificial all-inclusive)

The area of outdoor doors and windows (excluding unit doors and security doors) accounts for 0.20-0.24

X. Installation: (Weak electricity supply and drainage of radiator appliances)

XI. Tower cranes, external elevators, floor pumps, elevators, security doors, labor, auxiliary materials, temporary construction, wages, other

Civil Engineering Personnel Management

Personnel management is the basic part of construction project management. The project is built by people. How to allocate personnel to make the work smooth without problems, improve efficiency, not blindly command, ensure safety, and do not mess. This requires management. The overall arrangement of the participants has an overall concept in mind, knowing how much manpower is required for what work, quality and quantity, not working alone, and not affecting the construction period. This requires a holistic concept in the foreman's mind, and at the same time, the entire project must be broken down into several small pieces. The amount of human and material resources required for each piece must be planned, and the amount must be set in advance. Once there is a problem in the middle, time is irreparable, and failure to complete on time will affect the entire project, which is a taboo in management. Some people say "preliminarily set up, not prematurely abandon", which means that everything is in your mind. After scientific calculations and combined with your own work experience, combine these with reality to form your own set of theories and use it in practice To continuously improve in practice to form your own management style and method. Personnel management is the most difficult. It has evolved from mere human rule to institutionalized management. Therefore, perfecting various rules and regulations is the basic work of modern management. Regardless of closeness, regardless of distance, speak of the system, this is the principle. In principle, there is no room for negotiation and selflessness, so that there will be no problems in implementing the system. Then there is the kindness of knowing people, "who knows the wisdom and knows the best". Although the system is dead, but people are alive. Being only loved by others and not knowing others will bring trouble to management. The person who can perform this is knowing the good.

Civil Engineering Quality Management

Quality is life. A project without quality is a tofu dregs project. If you cannot guarantee the quality, you will lose credibility, so this is also a lifeline. In recent years, the quality of construction projects has always been the most concerned issue in the society. Therefore, there are many people who are turning around, which tells us not to ruin our life because of a moment of happiness and a moment of greed. Quality issues involve material quality and construction quality. Actually, the two are inseparable. Without strict quality management, good projects will not come out. ^[3]

Civil Engineering Safety Management

Safety is the most important part of building construction. The first is that life is above all else. No one can arbitrarily deprive a person's life, except as required by law. Therefore, safety must be ensured during construction. Safety is more important than Taishan. Safety is related to efficiency, and it is only effective if safety is guaranteed. ^[3] Safety work must always be carried out unremittingly. Every day and every time, for those who violate safety procedures, we must educate and punish, give opportunities and be polite, and we cannot breed laziness. The safety concept of construction works is the concept of the benefits of construction projects. Whoever holds this level will have the opportunity.